Abstract: A battery module includes: a battery cell assembly having a plurality of battery cells; a top plate configured to cover an upper side of the battery cell assembly; a bottom plate configured to cover a lower side of the battery cell assembly; a sensing assembly disposed to cover a front side and a rear side of the battery cell assembly; a pair of side plates disposed at side surfaces, respectively, of the battery cell assembly; and a pair of compression pads disposed between the pair of side plates and the battery cell assembly, respectively.

Abstract: An optically open stacked type subminiature optical device according to the present invention has an independent aperture stop structure to enable designing of a stable small optical device having an optical open cover structure, thus improving optical performance. Further, the optically open stacked type subminiature optical device of the present invention is configured in that the aperture stop structure is assembled with another structure into a stacked structure to establish a stable assembly together with the cover structure, thereby allowing for ease of assembly and improving productivity.