Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a serum exosomal SF3B4 marker composition for diagnosing early stage hepatocellular carcinoma for noninvasive in vitro diagnosis, wherein, by analyzing an expression level of SF3B4 in plasma proteins as well as expression of SF3B4 in exosomes present in sera of hepatocellular carcinoma patients, the possibility as the most suitable liquid biopsy marker was identified, and a new noninvasive biomarker with high diagnostic accuracy in early stage hepatocellular carcinoma for which no reliable biomarker exists at this present was discovered. As such, by using exosomes to identify cancer cell genomes and proteomes without biopsy, the exosomes are highly applicable in the future as a diagnostic biomarker that is useful in a disease group with a high risk in the biopsy such as hepatocellular carcinoma.

Abstract: A test apparatus can be provided which includes a test control unit configured to input electrical signals for testing a semiconductor device including a magneto-resistive element, and to receive test result signals from the semiconductor device. A station unit can be configured to support the semiconductor device during testing. A magnetic field generation unit can be configured to apply a magnetic field to the semiconductor device during testing. And a magnetic control unit can be configured to control the magnetic field generation unit. Using the test apparatus, characteristics of the semiconductor device can be tested during application of a magnetic field.