Abstract: A unit (10) for the regulation or control of a fluid pressure, having at least one housing section (13, 14) and a switching film (22) connected to the at least one housing section (13, 14) for switching at pressure differentials relative to an ambient pressure acting on the switching film (22), and for the regulation, release or blocking of a flow of the fluid between an inlet (28) and a discharge (30) for the fluid. The switching film (22) is made out of a polymer material having fluorine and carbon, in particular a thermoplastic having fluorine and carbon. In this arrangement, a hole cross-section (40) of the at least one housing section (13, 14) is closed off by the switching film (22).

Abstract: A unit (10) for the regulation or control of a fluid pressure, having at least one housing section (13, 14) and a switching film (22) connected to the at least one housing section (13, 14) for switching at pressure differentials relative to an ambient pressure acting on the switching film (22), and for the regulation, release or blocking of a flow of the fluid between an inlet (28) and a discharge (30) for the fluid. The switching film (22) is made out of a polymer material having fluorine and carbon, in particular a thermoplastic having fluorine and carbon. In this arrangement, a hole cross-section (40) of the at least one housing section (13, 14) is closed off by the switching film (22).

Abstract: A unit (10) for the regulation or control of a fluid pressure, having at least one housing section (13, 14) and a switching film (22) connected to the at least one housing section (13, 14) for switching at pressure differentials relative to an ambient pressure acting on the switching film (22), and for the regulation, release or blocking of a flow of the fluid between an inlet (28) and a discharge (30) for the fluid. The switching film (22) is made out of a polymer material having fluorine and carbon, in particular a thermoplastic having fluorine and carbon. In this arrangement, a hole cross-section (40) of the at least one housing section (13, 14) is closed off by the switching film (22).

Abstract: A calibration solution for a wet chemistry analyzer is provided. The solution comprises a calibration agent. The solution also comprises a cleaning agent. The cleaning agent is selected such that the wet chemistry analyzer is simultaneously cleaned and calibrated.

Abstract: A calibration solution for a wet chemistry analyzer is provided. The solution comprises a calibration agent. The solution also comprises a cleaning agent. The cleaning agent is selected such that the wet chemistry analyzer is simultaneously cleaned and calibrated.

Abstract: A pH sensor for a single-use bioreactor is provided. The sensor includes a pH sensing electrode, a reference system, a storage compartment, and an access mechanism. The reference system includes a reference electrolyte, a reference electrode disposed in the reference electrolyte, and a reference junction. The storage compartment contains a storage solution that is configured to contact the pH sensing electrode within the storage compartment. The access mechanism is configured to, when actuated, couple the pH sensing electrode to an interior of the single-use bio-reactor. The storage solution includes a buffer solution that is compatible with the reference electrolyte.

Abstract: A wet chemistry analyzer is provided. The wet chemistry analyzer comprises a reaction chamber configured to receive a reactant solution from a sample inlet and facilitate a process reaction. The wet chemistry analyzer also includes a detection chamber configured to receive a portion of a reaction mixture from the reaction chamber and measure a concentration of a chemical within the reaction mixture. The reaction chamber and the detection chamber are fluidically coupleable such that a portion of the reaction mixture can be directed to flow into the detection chamber to pre-condition a surface inside the detection chamber.

Abstract: A solid state cup device that assists a coil over arrangement of an air suspension system for at least one motor vehicle wheel is disclosed. The device comprises at least one outer cup having a plurality of o-rings placed on the coil over arrangement. The system further includes at least one inner cup having a plurality of smaller o-rings, and which inner cup is placed on top of at least one spring. The at least one outer cup further includes at least one c-ring designed to prevent the at least one inner cup from sliding out of the at least one outer cup. With air injected into the at least one outer cup, the at least one inner cup may press down the at least one spring to provide tension on the at least one spring resulting in a smoother lift and lowering of the at least one motor vehicle.

Abstract: A F/2F waveform generator has a comparator and an analog multiplexer. In a low-cost magnetic card reader application, a magnetic track signal is amplified, filtered, and compared with a threshold signal to create a digital signal output. The analog multiplexer detects changes in state of the digital signal. When a change of state is detected, the analog multiplexer switches among dynamically tunable threshold signals. The selected threshold signal is used for comparison with the magnetic track signal. Switching level detection enables accurate F/2F waveform generation from relatively noisy magnetic track signals, thus improving the robustness of magnetic card readers. The analog implementation eliminates the need for expensive A/D conversion and processing and the design can be readily implemented in a very compact and low-cost package.

Abstract: A F/2F waveform generator has a comparator and an analog multiplexer. In a low-cost magnetic card reader application, a magnetic track signal is amplified, filtered, and compared with a threshold signal to create a digital signal output. The analog multiplexer detects changes in state of the digital signal. When a change of state is detected, the analog multiplexer switches among dynamically tunable threshold signals. The selected threshold signal is used for comparison with the magnetic track signal. Switching level detection enables accurate F/2F waveform generation from relatively noisy magnetic track signals, thus improving the robustness of magnetic card readers. The analog implementation eliminates the need for expensive A/D conversion and processing and the design can be readily implemented in a very compact and low-cost package.

Abstract: A F/2F waveform generator has a comparator and an analog multiplexer. In a low-cost magnetic card reader application, a magnetic track signal is amplified, filtered, and compared with a threshold signal to create a digital signal output. The analog multiplexer detects changes in state of the digital signal. When a change of state is detected, the analog multiplexer switches among dynamically tunable threshold signals. The selected threshold signal is used for comparison with the magnetic track signal. Switching level detection enables accurate F/2F waveform generation from relatively noisy magnetic track signals, thus improving the robustness of magnetic card readers. The analog implementation eliminates the need for expensive A/D conversion and processing and the design can be readily implemented in a very compact and low-cost package.

Abstract: A solid state cup device that assists a coil over arrangement of an air suspension system for at least one motor vehicle wheel is disclosed. The device comprises at least one outer cup having a plurality of o-rings placed on the coil over arrangement. The system further includes at least one inner cup having a plurality of smaller o-rings placed on top of at least one spring. The at least one outer cup further includes at least one c-ring designed to prevent the at least one inner cup from sliding out of the at least one outer cup. With air injected into the at least one outer cup, the at least one inner cup may press down the at least one spring to provide tension on the at least one spring resulting in a smoother lift and lowering of the at least one motor vehicle.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a system for measuring wrinkles on a web in an R2R process. The system includes a laser generation device (100) for projecting a laser beam, emitted in a linear shape, onto a surface of a web (200), which is stopped or moving. A camera (300) captures a band of light, formed when the laser beam generated by the laser generation device (100) is projected onto the surface of the web (200), and transmitting image data of the captured light band. A measurement device (400) calculates coordinates of an arbitrary location on the web (200) on a basis of the image data transmitted from the camera (300), processes an image of the light band on a basis of the calculated coordinates, and displays the processed image. Accordingly, the results of reliable wrinkle measurement are provided for a web in an R2R process.

Abstract: A below-ground sensor interface amplifier is powered by no negative supply voltage, but the amplifier nevertheless senses an input voltage signal below ground potential. The amplifier outputs an output voltage signal that varies proportionately to the input voltage. For an input voltage beginning below ground potential and increasing past ground potential, the amplifier outputs an output voltage that remains between ground potential and a supply voltage. The output voltage increases proportionately to the increase of the input voltage. As the input voltage increases, a gate voltage on a first transistor begins to increase starting at the input voltage at which a second transistor is forced to turn on. The amplifier senses input voltages more than one threshold voltage below ground potential without using a below-ground supply voltage. The gain of the amplifier, as well as the lower limit and the size of the amplifier's voltage operating range are programmable.

Abstract: A rectifier circuit produces an output which is a function of the magnitude of an input signal and has a controllable transient response. The circuit requires no rectification diodes. The voltage on a capacitor is sensed and compared with that of an input voltage. The operation of charging and discharging switches is adjusted by a control circuit to charge the capacitor if the magnitude of the input signal is greater than the capacitor voltage and to discharge the capacitor if the magnitude of the input signal is less than the capacitor voltage. The attack and release function of the rectifier is selectable by limiting the rate at which current charges/discharges the capacitor, preferably with constant current sources comprised of current mirrors. Multiple time constants are achieved by replicating the storage capacitor and charge/discharge elements configured with different time constants and then summing the resultant capacitor voltages.

Abstract: An integrated transient voltage pulse multiplier is used to increase the voltage to the gates of control switches in a low voltage circuit. The increased conductance of the control switches permits a reduction in gate width, reducing parasitic charge injection and capacitive feedthrough. A low distortion switched capacitor filter utilizes two transient voltage pulse multipliers to increase the voltage of non-overlapping clock signals. The switched capacitor filter is operative at a power supply voltage of less than 1.5 volts.

Abstract: An audio compressor utilizes a switched charging state rectifier which produces an output proportional to the magnitude of an input signal but with controlled attack/release times. The rectified voltage is input to a logical selector, which provides logical control signals which are a function of the rectified voltage. In a preferred embodiment, the control signals of the logical selector are used to select the switch positions of a switched resistor ladder. The switched resistor ladder is used to provide a resistance path in an op-amp feedback amplifier, thereby enabling the gain of the op-amp amplifier to be adjusted in steps by the selector as the rectified signal level varies.

Abstract: In a transaction processing system that includes a plurality of client processes coupled to a server process, the server process supports execution of transactions generated by the client processes. The server process includes, for each client process being served, one or more transaction message control mechanisms. Each transaction message control mechanism includes a named processing object that includes a name identifying the object. The named processing object also includes an input process that receives all transaction request messages naming the object and identifying the originating client process. The input process dispatches a transaction process for each transaction request message received from the respective client process. Each transaction process oversees transaction execution and receives transaction output. A transaction process provides a transaction output message for the originating client process.