Abstract: A system herein includes one or more processors to determine asymmetric compensation measurements from at least one receiver antenna pair and at least one transmitter antenna pair on a tool body in an underground formation. The asymmetric compensation measurements are to be used with symmetric compensation measurements from the plurality of antenna pairs. The asymmetric compensation measurements are associated with signals from individual transmitter antennas that are at asymmetric or unequal distances from individual receiver antennas that receive a version of the signals. The individual receiver antennas are part of the at least one receiver antenna pair having symmetrically located receiver antennas with respect to a midpoint of the tool body and the individual transmitter antennas are part of the at least one transmitter antenna pair having symmetrically located transmitter antennas with respect to a midpoint of the tool body.

Abstract: A method for generating a phase envelope log to characterize a subsurface formation includes drilling the borehole with a drill string, circulating a drilling fluid in the borehole, drawing a fluid sample representing a fluid contained in the subsurface formation, estimating a PVT parameter indicative of an in-situ condition of the subsurface formation from the drawn fluid sample, determining at least two phase envelopes at different depths using the estimated PVT parameter, and creating a phase envelope log formed of a continuous series of phase envelopes using the phase envelopes. A related system includes a drill string, a fluid sampling system, and a processor that estimates a PVT parameter indicative of an in-situ condition of the subsurface formation, determines at least two phase envelopes at different depths using the PVT parameter, and creates the phase envelope log.

Abstract: A system for measuring a property of fluid in an earth formation includes a downhole tool disposed in a borehole and configured to be movable within the borehole and a nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) measurement device including a transmitter configured to emit at least two pulse trains of magnetic energy into the earth formation and a detector configured to detect a long-TW echo train and a short-TW echo train resulting from the at least two pulse trains. The system also includes a processor configured to combine the information from the at least two pulse trains and a rate of penetration of the downhole tool to form a measurement of the property.

Abstract: A nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) apparatus includes a transmitting assembly configured to emit one or more dual-wait-time pulse sequences, and a receiving assembly configured to detect a long-wait-time echo train and a short-wait-time echo train. The apparatus also includes a processor configured to perform at least one of: estimating a difference between the long-wait-time echo train and the short-wait-time echo train to generate a differential echo-train, inverting the differential echo-train into a differential T2 distribution, and detecting a motion artefact in response to determining that the differential echo-train includes a short-T2 porosity fraction that is greater than a threshold value; and inverting two echo trains into two T2 distributions, calculating at least two porosity fractions for each of the two T2 distributions, estimating a shift of a porosity amount between the at least two porosity fractions, and detecting the motion artefact based on the shift.

Abstract: A method for generating a phase envelope log to characterize a subsurface formation includes drilling the borehole with a drill string, circulating a drilling fluid in the borehole, drawing a fluid sample representing a fluid contained in the subsurface formation, estimating a PVT parameter indicative of an in-situ condition of the subsurface formation from the drawn fluid sample, determining at least two phase envelopes at different depths using the estimated PVT parameter, and creating a phase envelope log formed of a continuous series of phase envelopes using the phase envelopes. A related system includes a drill string, a fluid sampling system, and a processor that estimates a PVT parameter indicative of an in-situ condition of the subsurface formation, determines at least two phase envelopes at different depths using the PVT parameter, and creates the phase envelope log.

Abstract: A nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) apparatus includes a transmitting assembly configured to emit one or more dual-wait-time pulse sequences, and a receiving assembly configured to detect a long-wait-time echo train and a short-wait-time echo train. The apparatus also includes a processor configured to perform at least one of: estimating a difference between the long-wait-time echo train and the short-wait-time echo train to generate a differential echo-train, inverting the differential echo-train into a differential T2 distribution, and detecting a motion artefact in response to determining that the differential echo-train includes a short-T2 porosity fraction that is greater than a threshold value; and inverting two echo trains into two T2 distributions, calculating at least two porosity fractions for each of the two T2 distributions, estimating a shift of a porosity amount between the at least two porosity fractions, and detecting the motion artefact based on the shift.

Abstract: A system for measuring a property of fluid in an earth formation includes a downhole tool disposed in a borehole and configured to be movable within the borehole and a nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) measurement device including a transmitter configured to emit at least two pulse trains of magnetic energy into the earth formation and a detector configured to detect a long-TW echo train and a short-TW echo train resulting from the at least two pulse trains. The system also includes a processor configured to combine the information from the at least two pulse trains and a rate of penetration of the downhole tool to form a measurement of the property.

Abstract: NMR spin echo signals are acquired downhole. Principal Component Analysis is used to represent the signals by a weighted combination of the principal components and these weights are telemetered to the surface. At the surface, the NMR spin echo signals are recovered and inverted to give formation properties. Real-time displays may be used for determining formation properties and for altering the acquisition parameters.

Abstract: NMR spin echo signals are acquired downhole. An independent component analysis is used to determine parameters of a parametric model of the T2 distribution whose output matches the measurements. The model parameters are telemetered to the surface where the properties of the formation are reconstructed. It is emphasized that this abstract is provided to comply with the rules requiring an abstract which will allow a searcher or other reader to quickly ascertain the subject matter of the technical disclosure. It is submitted with the understanding that it will not be used to interpret or limit the scope or meaning of the claims. 37 CFR 1.72(b).

Abstract: NMR spin echo signals are acquired downhole. Principal Component Analysis is used to represent the signals by a weighted combination of the principal components and these weights are telemetered to the surface. At the surface, the NMR spin echo signals are recovered and inverted to give formation properties.

Abstract: The quality factor of a NMR-antenna depends upon mud conductivity, formation resistivity and the borehole size. The Q of the antenna is measured. From measurement of one of formation conductivity or borehole size, the other can be determined.

Abstract: NMR spin echo signals are acquired downhole. An independent component analysis is used to determine parameters of a parametric model of the T2 distribution whose output matches the measurements. The model parameters are telemetered to the surface where the properties of the formation are reconstructed. It is emphasized that this abstract is provided to comply with the rules requiring an abstract which will allow a searcher or other reader to quickly ascertain the subject matter of the technical disclosure. It is submitted with the understanding that it will not be used to interpret or limit the scope or meaning of the claims. 37 CFR 1.72(b).

Abstract: An apparatus and method for determining a parameter of interest of a formation composed of carbonate rock. A nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) sensor assembly produces a pulsed RF field designed for obtaining measurements indicative of the parameter of interest of the formation. A downhole processor processes the measurements for obtaining BVI and BVM using a cutoff time based on classification of the carbonate. Further processing is done to estimate the permeability of the carbonate.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for determining a parameter of interest of a formation composed of carbonate rock. A nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) sensor assembly produces a pulsed RF field designed for obtaining measurements indicative of the parameter of interest of the formation. A downhole processor processes the measurements for obtaining BVI and BVM using a cutoff time based on classification of the carbonate. Further processing is done to estimate the permeability of the carbonate.

Abstract: NMR data are acquired with variable spacing between refocusing pulses, giving data with a variable interecho time TE. Under certain conditions, diffusion effects can be neglected and data acquired with a multiple TE spacing may be used to obtain a T2 distribution with increased resolution and reduced power requirements. In gas reservoirs, the maximum TE may be determined from diffusion considerations using a dual wait time pulse sequence and this maximum TE is used to acquire data with dual TE.

Abstract: NMR data are acquired with variable spacing between refocusing pulses, giving data with a variable interecho time TE. Under certain conditions, diffusion effects can be neglected and data acquired with a multiple TE spacing may be used to obtain a T2 distribution with increased resolution and reduced power requirements. In gas reservoirs, the maximum TE may be determined from diffusion considerations using a dual wait time pulse sequence and this maximum TE is used to acquire data with dual TE. By proper selection of TE, echos can be obtained with significantly reduced ringing.

Abstract: NMR data are acquired with variable spacing between refocusing pulses, giving data with a variable interecho time TE. Under certain conditions, diffusion effects can be neglected and data acquired with a multiple TE spacing may be used to obtain a T2 distribution with increased resolution and reduced power requirements. In gas reservoirs, the maximum TE may be determined from diffusion considerations using a dual wait time pulse sequence and this maximum TE is used to acquire data with dual TE. By proper selection of TE, echos can be obtained with significantly reduced ringing.

Abstract: A method for acquiring nuclear magnetic resonance measurements of a medium uses a modified CPMG pulse sequence wherein the refocusing pulses may be optiimized, having a shorter duration than a 180° pulse. Data are acquired in gas reservoirs using two different wait times, both of which are sufficient to polarize the liquid in the reservoir to a known exteny, preferably 100%, while the amount of polarization of the gas in the reservoir is substantially different for the two wait times. Data from the dual wait time NMR pulse sequences give two different apparent porosities of the formation. A third apparent porosity is obtained from density measurements. Combining these three apparent porosities with a temperature measurement and empirical relations between various petrophysical parameters gives the true porosity, the gas density, the gas hydrogen index and the spin-lattice relaxation time of the gas at a single depth.