Abstract: A method for determining a switching state of a valve that is actuated by a coil, wherein the method includes: respectively ascertaining a current flowing through the coil and a voltage applied to the coil at several times which follow one another with a prespecified time interval, calculating an inductance variable of the coil based on the currents, the voltage and the time interval, and determining the switching state based on the inductance variable. Also disclosed is a solenoid valve assembly.

Abstract: A cosmetic or dermatological preparation comprising (a) at least one creatinine compound; (b) at least one creatine compound; and (c) at least one soybean substance selected from soybean germ extracts and ingredients which can be isolated from soybean germ are used in methods for stimulating collagen synthesis of the skin and for restructuring or rejuvenation of the skin.

Abstract: An apparatus for creating a protocol stack has at least one protocol layer with at least one standardized interface and an instance for the administration of the protocol stack. The protocol stack is created by making available the protocol layer(s), randomly compiling the protocol stack from the protocol layer(s), and making available an instance for the administration of the protocol stack using a graphical user interface.

Abstract: An apparatus for creating a protocol stack has at least one protocol layer with at least one standardized interface and an instance for the administration of the protocol stack. The protocol stack is created by making available the protocol layer(s), randomly compiling the protocol stack from the protocol layer(s), and making available an instance for the administration of the protocol stack using a graphical user interface.

Abstract: The invention is a cosmetic or dermatological preparation with a content of an active agent combination comprising (a) at least one creatinine compound selected from the group consisting of creatinine and derivatives of creatinine; (b) at least one creatine compound selected from the group consisting of creatine and derivatives of creatine; and (c) at least one soybean compound selected from the group consisting of soybean germ extracts and ingredients which can be isolated from soybean germ. The present invention also includes methods for stimulating collagen synthesis of the skin, for restructuring or rejuvenation of the skin, and for inspiring the body or senses comprising applying the preparation to the skin.

Abstract: The invention is a method for improving the penetration of a cosmetic or dermatological preparation into the skin by simultaneously applying the preparation to the skin and using a device to remove the skin. The present invention also includes an article that includes both the device and a cosmetic or dermatological preparation and a kit including these components and instructions for their simultaneous use.

Abstract: The invention is a cosmetic or dermatological preparation containing a combination of active ingredients consisting of creatinine or a derivative thereof and creatine or a derivative thereof. The cosmetic or dermatological preparation can be applied to the skin for treatment or prophylaxis or various skin conditions or can be used for other purposes.

Abstract: An apparatus for creating a protocol stack has at least one protocol layer with at least one standardized interface and an instance for the administration of the protocol stack. The protocol stack is created by making available the protocol layer(s), randomly compiling the protocol stack from the protocol layer(s), and making available an instance for the administration of the protocol stack using a graphical user interface.