Abstract: An endoscope is provided that includes a first component, a second component, a light source, an image capturing element, and a light guide. The second component has a proximal end and a distal end with proximal end coupled to the first component. The light source is integrated in the first component and includes a laser and a converter. The laser emits primary light and the converter converts the primary light at least partially into secondary light that has a different wavelength. The image capturing element is arranged at the distal end. The light guide has an optical fiber that extends through the second component. The converter is coupled to the proximal end such that the primary and secondary light is injected into the optical fiber, is conducted from the proximal end to the distal end, and emitted at the distal end.

Abstract: A drawn glass element for producing glass optical waveguides is provided. The element has two first length portions with a first cross-sectional area and which define the two ends of the glass element; a second, intermediate length portion between the two first length portions, which has a second cross-sectional area smaller than the first cross-sectional area; a first transition portion between the intermediate length portion and one of the first length portions; and a second transition portion between the intermediate length portion and another of the first length portions. The first and second transition portions have a cross-sectional area that steadily changes and merges from the first cross-sectional area into the second cross-sectional area.

Abstract: An endoscope is provided that has a first component having an LED that emits light and a second component having a proximal end, a distal end, an image capturing element, and a light guide. The proximal end is coupled to the first component. The image capturing element being arranged at the distal end. The light guide comprising an optical fiber extending through the second component. The LED is coupled to the proximal end such that the light is injected into the optical fiber and is conducted from the LED at the proximal end to the distal end and to emit the light at the distal end. The optical fiber has a cross section of at least 80 ?m and has a polymer-based coating or a protective sheathing made of a polymer-based tube material arranged on an outer surface.

Abstract: An endoscope is provided that includes a first component, a second component, a light source, an image capturing element, and a light guide. The second component has a proximal end and a distal end with proximal end coupled to the first component. The light source is integrated in the first component and includes a laser and a converter. The laser emits primary light and the converter converts the primary light at least partially into secondary light that has a different wavelength. The image capturing element is arranged at the distal end. The light guide has an optical fiber that extends through the second component. The converter is coupled to the proximal end such that the primary and secondary light is injected into the optical fiber, is conducted from the proximal end to the distal end, and emitted at the distal end.

Abstract: A light guide is provided that includes a fiber bundle, a jacket, a proximal end, a distal end, and a terminated end face. The fiber bundle has a plurality of optical fibers. The jacket encloses at least a part of the plurality of optical fibers and/or the fiber bundle. The jacket has a maximum outer lateral dimension that is greater than a maximum outer lateral dimension of the fiber bundle by at most 500 ?m. The terminated end face is on the proximal end and/or the distal end. The terminated end face has a maximum lateral outer dimension that is not larger than the maximum outer lateral dimension of the jacket.

Abstract: An illumination system is provided that includes a spatial fiber arrangement with an optical element at the distal end of the fiber arrangement. The fiber arrangement has a first region including individual fibers with a significantly smaller active diameter in comparison with the individual fibers of a remaining region. The optical element at the distal end is assigned the remaining region. The fiber arrangement can be a rigid fiber rod that includes an intermediate region provided between the first region and the remaining region. The intermediate region suppresses stray light transfers between the first and remaining regions. The fiber arrangement can include an optical coupling element at a proximal end of the fiber rod.

Abstract: An illumination system is provided that includes a spatial fiber arrangement with an optical element at the distal end of the fiber arrangement. The fiber arrangement has a first region including individual fibers with a significantly smaller active diameter in comparison with the individual fibers of a remaining region. The optical element at the distal end is assigned the remaining region. The fiber arrangement can be a rigid fiber rod that includes an intermediate region provided between the first region and the remaining region. The intermediate region suppresses stray light transfers between the first and remaining regions. The fiber arrangement can include an optical coupling element at a proximal end of the fiber rod.

Abstract: A light guide for industrial, medical, or cosmetic applications is provided, having an outer circumferential surface and at least one end face made of glass, with an optical element made of at least one transparent plastic directly molded to the end face of glass by molding or reactive injection molding, so that the electromagnetic radiation guided in the light guide when in its operational state is directed through the end face of glass into the transparent plastic of the optical element and exits therefrom.

Abstract: A light guide for industrial, medical, or cosmetic applications is provided, having an outer circumferential surface and at least one end face made of glass, with an optical element made of at least one transparent plastic directly molded to the end face of glass by molding or reactive injection molding, so that the electromagnetic radiation guided in the light guide when in its operational state is directed through the end face of glass into the transparent plastic of the optical element and exits therefrom.

Abstract: Crisp and crunchy reconstituted biscuit composed of fragments of baked biscuit, agglomerated within a binder comprising at least one carbohydrate and fat, the biscuit having the characteristic feature of preserving its crunchiness during storage at a negative temperature. Also, composite frozen confectioneries that include a biscuit and a frozen confectionery mass in contact therewith. The frozen confectionery thus obtained has the advantage of the contrast in texture between the creaminess of the frozen confectionery mass and the crunchiness of the biscuit, even after a long storage at freezing temperature. Finally, a process for preparing such a biscuit.

Abstract: Crisp and crunchy reconstituted biscuit composed of fragments of baked biscuit, agglomerated within a binder comprising at least one carbohydrate and fat, the biscuit having the characteristic feature of preserving its crunchiness during storage at a negative temperature. Also, composite frozen confectioneries that include a biscuit and a frozen confectionery mass in contact therewith. The frozen confectionery thus obtained has the advantage of the contrast in texture between the creaminess of the frozen confectionery mass and the crunchiness of the biscuit, even after a long storage at freezing temperature. Finally, a process for preparing such a biscuit.