Abstract: A lens assembly and an electronic device including the same are provided. The lens assembly includes a lens group. A lens that is in the lens group and that is close to an object side has a convex surface, and the convex surface protrudes from a shoulder of a lens tube. A head of the lens assembly may be reduced without affecting a maximum field of view of the lens assembly, so that the head of the lens assembly tends to be miniaturized. Therefore, a size of a hole provided on a display screen is reduced. Thus, a screen-to-body ratio of the display screen is improved.

Abstract: Embodiments of this application provide a lens group, a camera module, and a terminal device. The lens group includes a first group, a second group, a third group, and a fourth group that are sequentially disposed from an object side to an image side along an optical axis of the lens group. The second group includes a doublet formed by gluing a second lens and a third lens together. The optical power of a lens in each group is designed to match the optical power of the doublet so that a compact high-quality long-focus lens group can be implemented and chromatic aberration may be eliminated.

Abstract: A lens assembly and an electronic device including the same are provided. The lens assembly includes a lens group. A lens that is in the lens group and that is close to an object side has a convex surface, and the convex surface protrudes from a shoulder of a lens tube. A head of the lens assembly may be reduced without affecting a maximum field of view of the lens assembly, so that the head of the lens assembly tends to be miniaturized. Therefore, a size of a hole provided on a display screen is reduced. Thus, a screen-to-body ratio of the display screen is improved.

Abstract: To increase the likelihood of a user viewing content items previously identified for presentation but not viewed by the user, a social networking system accesses a view state associated with the user that identifies content items provided to the user and provided content items viewed by the user. Based on the view state, content items previously provided to the user but not viewed by the user are identified. Additional content items whose state has changed since presentation of the content items to the user are also identified. Content items previously presented to the user but not viewed with at least a threshold relevance to the user are ranked along with the additional content items. Based on the ranking, content items are selected for presentation to the user.

Abstract: A social networking system (SNS) provides sponsored stories and organic stories about actions taken by other SNS users to a viewing user. Organic stories are selected based on the likelihood the viewing user is interested in their content. While advertisers compensate the SNS for presentation of sponsored stories, the sponsored stories also include information about actions by other SNS users. To increase the likelihood the viewing user interacts with sponsored stories, a common communication channel is used to present both the sponsored stories and the organic stories. To simplify selection of organic stories and sponsored stories, the SNS determines a common unit of measurement for both and makes selections based on the common unit of measurement.

Abstract: A social networking system prices advertisements presented to a user of a social networking system via a client device in a state that provides the user with limited functionality by applying discount factors to bid amounts associated with advertisements selected for presentation. A discount factor is based on the likelihood of the user viewing or interacting with an advertisement via the social networking system presented while the client device is in the state providing the user with limited functionality. This likelihood is determined based on information including a history of user interaction with the client device and contextual information indicating whether the client device is in use.

Abstract: A social networking system dynamically adjusts a number of advertisements presented to a user along with organic content items by modifying a minimum bid amount associated with advertisements eligible for presentation to the user. Increasing the minimum bid amount decreases the number of advertisements presented to the user while decreasing the minimum bid amount increases the number of advertisements presented to the user. An engagement score measuring the user's estimated interaction with a content feed including organic content items without advertisements and an engagement score measuring the user's estimated interaction with a content feed including organic content items and advertisements are determined. A target score is determined based on the engagement scores, and a difference between the target score and a threshold value is used to modify a minimum price of advertisements eligible for presentation to the user.

Abstract: A social networking system selects and presents content items to a user via a feed. Additionally, the social networking system predicts heights associated with various content items, such as content items selected for presentation via the feed. Characteristics of a content item (e.g., a type of content included in the content item, a language of the content item, and a number of comments associated with the content item) as well as characteristics of a client device associated with the user are used to predict a height associated with the content item. When selecting content items for presentation to the user, the social networking system accounts for the predicted heights of various content items when ordering the content items in the news feed.

Abstract: A social networking system dynamically adjusts a number of advertisements presented to a user along with organic content items by modifying a minimum bid amount associated with advertisements eligible for presentation to the user. Increasing the minimum bid amount decreases the number of advertisements presented to the user while decreasing the minimum bid amount increases the number of advertisements presented to the user. An engagement score measuring the user's estimated interaction with a content feed including organic content items without advertisements and an engagement score measuring the user's estimated interaction with a content feed including organic content items and advertisements are determined. A target score is determined based on the engagement scores, and a difference between the target score and a threshold value is used to modify a minimum price of advertisements eligible for presentation to the user.

Abstract: To increase the likelihood of a user viewing content items previously identified for presentation but not viewed by the user, a social networking system accesses a view state associated with the user that identifies content items provided to the user and provided content items viewed by the user. Based on the view state, content items previously provided to the user but not viewed by the user are identified. Additional content items whose state has changed since presentation of the content items to the user are also identified. Content items previously presented to the user but not viewed with at least a threshold relevance to the user are ranked along with the additional content items. Based on the ranking, content items are selected for presentation to the user.

Abstract: A social networking system selects advertisements for presentation to a user while a client device used by the user is in a state that provides limited functionality to the user, such as a locked state. Based on objectives associated with various advertisements, the social networking system determines interactions associated with advertisements and selects advertisements associated with interactions capable of being performed while the client device is in the state that provides limited functionality to the user or associated with no interaction. The social networking system sends the advertisements to the client device for display to the user while the client device is in the state of limited functionality.

Abstract: A social networking system prices advertisements presented to a user of a social networking system via a client device in a state that provides the user with limited functionality by applying discount factors to bid amounts associated with advertisements selected for presentation. A discount factor is based on the likelihood of the user viewing or interacting with an advertisement via the social networking system presented while the client device is in the state providing the user with limited functionality. This likelihood is determined based on information including a history of user interaction with the client device and contextual information indicating whether the client device is in use.

Abstract: A social networking system (SNS) provides sponsored stories and organic stories about actions taken by other SNS users to a viewing user. Organic stories are selected based on the likelihood the viewing user is interested in their content. While advertisers compensate the SNS for presentation of sponsored stories, the sponsored stories also include information about actions by other SNS users. To increase the likelihood the viewing user interacts with sponsored stories, a common communication channel is used to present both the sponsored stories and the organic stories. To simplify selection of organic stories and sponsored stories, the SNS determines a common unit of measurement for both and makes selections based on the common unit of measurement.

Abstract: A social networking system selects advertisements for its users using collaborative filtering based on the users' interactions with objects in the social networking system. The objects may be games, pages, groups, deals, messages, content items, advertisements, or any other object with which a user may interact in the system. The system may identify a viewing user's interaction with a first object, determine a second object that is similar to the first object based on interactions of users with both of the objects, and send an advertisement associated with the second object to the viewing user. The system determines a second object based a similarity score between the first object and the second object, which may be a measure of users who have interacted with both objects and may be normalized by a number of user interactions by the users with the objects.

Abstract: A social networking system infers a user's present interests based on the user's recent actions and/or the recent actions of the user's connections in the social networking system. The social networking system also determines a set of concepts associated with each of a set of information items, such as advertisements. By matching the user's present interests with the concepts associated with the information items, the social networking system selects one or more of the information items that are likely to be of present interest to the user. At least one of the matched interests and concepts are not identical. The social networking system then presents the selected information items for display to the user, thereby providing information based on an inferred temporal relevance of that information to the user.

Abstract: A social networking system infers a user's present interests based on the user's recent actions and/or the recent actions of the user's connections in the social networking system. The social networking system also determines a set of concepts associated with each of a set of information items, such as advertisements. By matching the user's present interests with the concepts associated with the information items, the social networking system selects one or more of the information items that are likely to be of present interest to the user. The social networking system then presents the selected information items for display to the user, thereby providing information based on an inferred temporal relevance of that information to the user.

Abstract: A scrub typhus diagnostic method and vaccine using a composition comprising truncated r47 protein and truncated r56 protein is disclosed. Vaccines composed of r56 protein variants are also disclosed. Methods of reducing HIV viral loads using r47 and r56 proteins and antibodies raised against r47 and r56 are also disclosed.