Abstract: An apparatus for forming alignment layer includes a printing stage for supporting a substrate thereon, at least one inkjet head having at least one spray hole above the printing stage, the spray hole spraying an alignment material onto the substrate, a head support supporting the inkjet head, a pitch measuring unit adjacent to the inkjet head, and a display unit displaying measured results provided by the pitch measuring unit.

Abstract: A holographic light guide plate has a transparent substrate and a plurality of diffraction patterns formed thereon. The diffraction patterns are arranged on one of a top surface and a bottom surface of the transparent substrate. The diffraction patterns diffract light incident on the transparent substrate. Each of the diffraction patterns has a continuously varying interval.

Abstract: A waveguide including transmission areas which transmit an input optical signal. A coupling area is provided between the transmission areas and has a width narrower than a width of the transmission areas so that at least part of the optical signal transmitted through the transmission areas is branched to a neighboring optical member.

Abstract: An LCD device and a method for manufacturing the same is disclosed, in which it is possible to correct a problem of insufficient or excessive supply of liquid crystal in an LCD device by controlling an amount of liquid crystal. The method includes preparing a liquid crystal cell comprised of a first substrate, a second substrate, a liquid crystal layer between the first and second substrates, and a first sealant formed in the periphery of the liquid crystal layer between the first and second substrates; measuring an amount of liquid crystal provided to the inside of liquid crystal cell; forming an inlet for liquid crystal in the first sealant; and regulating the amount of liquid crystal by supplying or discharging the liquid crystal through the inlet; and sealing the inlet.

Abstract: Provided is an image display apparatus including: a screen, on which a plurality of pixels operating in a diffusion mode and a transmission mode are arranged; a light source unit which irradiates a plurality of single color lights sequentially onto the screen; and a driving unit which converts the operating mode of the plurality of pixels into one of the diffusion mode and the transmission mode according to image data, wherein the colors of the image data are separated in synchronization with the plurality of single color lights.

Abstract: Provided is a backlight having a light source and an all-in-one type light guide plate that has a light exit surface and a plurality of prisms integrally formed on the light exit surface, wherein the prisms totally reflect light to be emitted upwards.

Abstract: A reflective display device using photonic crystals includes a plurality of reflective color filters, each reflective color filter reflects a predetermined wavelength range of an incident visible light; and a plurality of optical switches disposed adjacent to and facing a corresponding one of the plurality of reflective color filters, each of the plurality of optical switches extracts a predetermined color by adjusting an intensity or on/off-frequency of light reflected from the corresponding one of the plurality of reflective color filters. Accordingly, a reflective display device using photonic crystals may have a simplified structure requiring no conventional reflecting mirror.

Abstract: An image display apparatus is provided to improve display characteristics, the apparatus including a prism and a pixel section on one side of the prism. The pixel section includes a reflective electrode and dielectrics disposed at a predetermined distance from the reflective electrode. The dielectrics are in contact with the reflective electrode if voltage is applied, and the effective refractive index changes according to the image signal. The effective refractive index of the section of the reflective electrode in contact with the dielectrics changes, and accordingly, the reflectivity of the reflective electrode changes corresponding to the image signal. The pixel section is able to regulate the surface plasmon resonance by regulating the reflective electrode, and is able to display the black state using the surface plasmon resonance. The image display apparatus provides improved contrast ratio by preventing color leaks from arising in the black state, and thus, improve display characteristics.

Abstract: Provided is a mode converter for use in optical communication. The mode converter includes a first waveguide, a second waveguide optically coupled into the first waveguide, and omnidirectional reflectors that are disposed on either side of the first waveguide and have forward reflectivity with respect to a mode propagating in the first waveguide. The mode converter provides minimum loss coupling between either optical fiber or low index difference waveguide and a high index contrast waveguide. Furthermore, the mode converter achieves high, bi-directional optical coupling over a wide wavelength range with a simple manufacturing process.

Abstract: A conveyor system is disclosed, having a width adjustment unit capable of adjusting a width according to the size of goods to transfer semiprocessed goods in the process line, which includes a transfer unit for transferring goods; conveyor plates provided at both sides of the transfer unit, and guiding the goods by supporting both sides of the goods; and the width adjustment unit including a wire connected with the conveyor plates, a driving pulley operating the wire, and a driven connected with the wire.

Abstract: A polarization mode dispersion compensation apparatus using a photonic crystal structure includes an optical signal splitter for splitting and outputting incident optical signals into optical signals of a first and second polarization state; an optical signal combiner for combining and outputting the optical signals of the first and second polarization states; an optical signal guide having a photonic crystal structure having a first waveguide and a longer and variable second waveguide; a signal tab for externally outputting a portion of the optical signals and for outputting a portion of the optical signals to a feedback unit; a feedback unit for measuring a dispersion degree of the first and second polarization states inputted from the signal tab, and for outputting a feedback signal for removing the polarization mode dispersion; and an effective optical path length variation unit for varying an effective optical path length of the second waveguide.

Abstract: An optical isolator using a photonic crystal. The optical isolator includes an input portion that in turn includes an input waveguide part and an input waveguide having a taper portion formed in the input waveguide part. An output portion includes an output waveguide part and an output waveguide formed in the output waveguide part continuously with the input waveguide. The output waveguide includes a backward directional optical signal shield surface having an inclination greater than the taper portion with respect to an optical signal transmission center axis. The optical isolator is operable to have an optical signal substantially transmitted in a forward direction from the input portion to the output portion and further operable to substantially not transmit the optical signal in a backward direction from the output portion to the input portion.

Abstract: A light guide plate having a multi-periodic micro pattern, which can minimize chromatic dispersion, and an illumination apparatus for a display device employing the light guide plate are provided. The light guide plate includes a top surface and a micro pattern formed on the top surface and allowing light, which is incident from a first side surface of the light guide plate, to be emitted from the top surface. The micro pattern is a combination of at least two periodic patterns having different periods to reduce chromatic dispersion of light emitted from the top surface.

Abstract: A reflective display device using photonic crystals includes a plurality of reflective color filters, each reflective color filter reflects a predetermined wavelength range of an incident visible light; and a plurality of optical switches disposed adjacent to and facing a corresponding one of the plurality of reflective color filters, each of the plurality of optical switches extracts a predetermined color by adjusting an intensity or on/off-frequency of light reflected from the corresponding one of the plurality of reflective color filters. Accordingly, a reflective display device using photonic crystals may have a simplified structure requiring no conventional reflecting mirror.

Abstract: A method and mobile terminal for compressing message content includes receiving an original message comprising user-supplied content, the original message having a message size which varies based upon the user-supplied content. A compressed message may be generated by modifying the user-supplied content according to at least one automatic compression process, such that the compressed message has a message size which is less than the message size of the original message.

Abstract: A waveguide including transmission areas which transmit an input optical signal. A coupling area is provided between the transmission areas and has a width narrower than a width of the transmission areas so that at least part of the optical signal transmitted through the transmission areas is branched to a neighboring optical member.

Abstract: An integrated optical filter apparatus, which can be used for a miniaturized waveguide and can reduce crosstalk between adjacent signals. The integrated optical filter apparatus includes a first optical filter reflecting a light beam of a first wavelength and transmitting a light beam of a second wavelength from an externally incident light beam, and a second optical filter facing the first optical filter and reflecting the light beam of the first wavelength reflected by the first optical filter to the first optical filter. The light beam of the first wavelength is reflected by the first optical filter at least twice to remove noise within the light beam of the first wavelength.

Abstract: An optical isolator using a photonic crystal. The optical isolator includes an input portion that in turn includes an input waveguide part and an input waveguide having a taper portion formed in the input waveguide part. An output portion includes an output waveguide part and an output waveguide formed in the output waveguide part continuously with the input waveguide. The output waveguide includes a backward directional optical signal shield surface having an inclination greater than the taper portion with respect to an optical signal transmission center axis. The optical isolator is operable to have an optical signal substantially transmitted in a forward direction from the input portion to the output portion and further operable to substantially not transmit the optical signal in a backward direction from the output portion to the input portion.

Abstract: An image stabilizer of a camera is provided that can compensate for the effects of the shaking of a main body that includes a lens, in real-time, by using an optical element. The image stabilizer includes: an optical element that can be tilted, which is installed on an optical path, which transmits light and which tilts to shift the transmitted light to compensate for the optical path; a sensor provided near the main body, which senses the shaking of the main body; a calculating unit which receives a sensing signal from the sensor and calculates the necessary tilt angle of the optical element; and an actuator which drives the optical element according to the result output from the calculating unit. The image stabilizer can sense the shaking of the main body in real-time and prevent shifting of the image formed on an image forming surface.

Abstract: A light regulating device and photonic crystal display device utilizing bandgap controls including a photonic crystal including a material that is capable of varying its refractive index in accordance with an electric field, the photonic crystal having a photonic bandgap in a specific frequency range; and an upper transparent electrode and a lower transparent electrode arranged on an upper side and a lower side of the photonic crystal, respectively, to which a voltage is applied, wherein a size of the photonic bandgap of the photonic crystal is controlled by the voltage applied between the upper transparent electrode and the lower transparent electrode. With the present invention, a reflection-type or penetration-type display is available which has a simple pixel structure, a high light efficiency, and a high color contrast ratio, the display using high reflection factors depending on color ranges of a photonic crystal.