Abstract: A camera actuator is provided. The camera actuator according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises: a housing; and AF carrier which is mounted in the housing and moves in an optical-axis direction; an OIS carrier which is mounted in the AF carrier and moves in a direction perpendicular to the optical-axis direction; a first ball member which is disposed between the inner surface of the housing and the outer surface of the AF carrier to assist in the movement of the AF carrier; a second ball member which is disposed between the AF carrier and the OIS carrier to assist in the movement of the OIS carrier; and an OIS damper which is disposed between the inner surface of the AF carrier and the outer surface of the OIS carrier so as to reduce the impact generated between the AF carrier and the OIS carrier.

Abstract: An image reading device and an image forming apparatus and methods thereof can achieve a duplex scanning operation and enable a user to easily arrange the scanned documents after being discharged. The image reading device may include a supply path coupled to a document supply port, a simplex document feeding path coupled to the supply path to first guide the document to the scan unit, a duplex document feeding path coupled to the supply path to second guide the document to the scan unit to scan a first surface of the document, and a duplex document circulating path to communicate with the duplex document feeding path and guide a second surface of the first surface scanned document to the scan unit.

Abstract: A heat exchanger is provided. The heat exchanger includes a plurality of aluminum tubes formed of aluminum, each of the aluminum tubes including a plurality of grooves that are formed on an inner circumferential surface of each of the aluminum tubes and that extend along a longitudinal direction of the aluminum tubes; and a plurality of heat transfer fins coupled to the aluminum tubes. The heat exchanger may contribute to the reduction of the manufacturing cost, may provide high heat transfer performance and may prevent a coolant leak.

Abstract: The embodiment provides a connection pipe and a refrigerant flowing system comprising the same. The connection pipe and the refrigerant flowing system include: a connection pipe main body of which both ends are coupled to first and second refrigerant pipes through which refrigerant is flowed and that has a channel through which refrigerant transferred from the first refrigerant pipe to be transferred to the second refrigerant pipe is flowed; and a flow interfering part that is provided on the channel to interfere the flow of the refrigerant in the direction transferred from the first refrigerant pipe to the channel.

Abstract: The embodiment provides a distributor and refrigerant circulation system comprising the same. A distributor includes: an inlet flow passage on which liquid and gaseous refrigerants that flows in from the inlet pipe flows; a distribution flow passage that receives the liquid and gaseous refrigerants which flow in to the inlet flow passage and distributes the received liquid and gaseous refrigerants to the plurality of outlet pipes; and a distribution projection that evenly distributes the refrigerant to the outlet pipe through the distribution unit.

Abstract: A heat exchanger is provided. The heat exchanger includes at least one fin provided with a plurality of slits and a plurality of refrigerant tubes penetrating the fin. The refrigerant tubes include at least one front line tube and at least one rear line tube having a different diameter from the front line tube with reference to a fluid flow direction. The slits include at least one front line slit and at least one rear line slit having a difference width with reference to the fluid flow direction.

Abstract: A heat exchanger including a plurality of first refrigerant tubes, and a plurality of second refrigerant tubes separated from the plurality of first refrigerant tubes in an air flow direction. Further, a diameter of a respective refrigerant tube of the plurality of first refrigerant tubes is smaller than a diameter of a respective refrigerant tube of the plurality of second refrigerant tubes.

Abstract: An image reading device and an image forming apparatus and methods thereof can achieve a duplex scanning operation and enable a user to easily arrange the scanned documents after being discharged. The image reading device may include a supply path coupled to a document supply port, a simplex document feeding path coupled to the supply path to first guide the document to the scan unit, a duplex document feeding path coupled to the supply path to second guide the document to the scan unit to scan a first surface of the document, and a duplex document circulating path to communicate with the duplex document feeding path and guide a second surface of the first surface scanned document to the scan unit.

Abstract: A communications management system service as an interface between an ADSL (Asynchronous Digital Subscriber Line) terminal and an ATM exchanger. The system includes a control section, an upstream cell processing section, and a down stream cell processing section. The control section receives user cell signals from a subscriber terminal and converts the user cell signals to ATM cells. The upstream cell processing section then converts the ATM cells into signals for transmission to a subscriber control system. The downstream cell processing section converts signals received from the subscriber control system to ADSL signals to be sent to the subscriber terminal. The ADSL signals may be E1 signals. To check for errors in the system, the controller sends a test cell through the system. When the test cell loops back to the controller, it is compared to the test cell as it was initially generated. A decision concerning system errors is then made based on this comparison.