Abstract: A display device is provided. The display device includes a first substrate, a first charge trap layer disposed on the first substrate and including silicon nitride, a semiconductor layer disposed on the first charge trap layer and including a first active layer of a first transistor and a second active layer of a second transistor, and an organic light emitting element electrically connected to the first transistor, wherein a ratio of a content of a Si element to a content of an N element in the first charge trap layer is in a range of 1.6 to 2.5.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a dental compound gun. A body unit has a gun shape. A compound material stick is inserted into the body unit through an insert hole formed in the body unit. A feeding unit transfers the compound material stick to an outlet. A melting unit heats the compound material stick and discharges melted compound material out of the body unit. A drive unit includes a trigger and a motor. A control unit controls power to be supplied to the motor. A support unit is coupled to a lower end of the body unit so that the body unit can be placed upright on a support surface. The control unit controls the motor in such a way that when the operation signal of the trigger is generated, the motor is forwardly rotated, and when the operation signal of the trigger is interrupted, the motor is reversely rotated.

Abstract: Embodiments for providing a method of controlling timing of a downlink backhaul sub-frame and a relay system for the same are disclosed. According to the present invention, a control signal is transmitted to user equipment during a control symbol period of a sub-frame and a data starting point of the sub-frame is set after a time (SG1) for switching from a transmission mode to a reception mode to receive backhaul data of a base station during a backhaul symbol period. Timing of a transmission sub-frame and a reception sub-frame is delayed by the SG1. A sum of a length of the SG1 and a time (SG2) for switching from the reception mode to the transmission mode is shorter than a length of a symbol having a normal CP. At this time, the lengths of the SG1 and the SG2 are identical to each other or the length of the SG2 is shorter than the length of the SG1. In such a case, the backhaul data are received up to a last symbol period of backhaul symbols of the reception sub-frame.

Abstract: A method of recognizing states and locations of user equipment in a network by using a random access (RA) channel at a base station without alteration of the conventional network environment or configurations of user equipment. A mobile communication system of an embodiment includes a first base station; and one or more second base stations having service regions smaller than a service region of the first base station. The first base station is operable to broadcast configuration information to the user equipment for connecting to at least one of the one or more second base stations. The user equipment is operable to transmit an uplink signal to at least one of the one or more second base stations in accordance with the configuration information received from the first base station, and at least one of the one or more second base stations is operable to transmit information on the user equipment that transmitted the uplink signal to the first base station after receiving the uplink signal.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for reducing a resource element group (REG) size, which is used at a control channel element (CCE) for a relay physical downlink control channel (R-PDCCH), for the purpose of easy interleaving by a physical resource block (PRB) unit for the R-PDCCH, and a mobile telecommunication system for the same. The mobile telecommunication system of the present invention includes reducing the CCE size to 8 REGs or less of the R-PDCCH to be included in a single PRB.

Abstract: A method for measuring a self-interference (SI) which occurs in a relay and controlling radio resources of a base station based on the measured SI, and a mobile telecommunication system using the same. The mobile telecommunication system includes a relay which calculates intensity of SI; and a base station which performs radio resource management based on the calculated SI intensity. The method for measuring SI includes calculating intensity of SI using a relay; and performing radio resource management at a base station based on the calculated SI intensity.

Abstract: A method of managing cells of base stations (BSs) and a mobile telecommunication system for the same, capable of allowing a user equipment (UE), which had not been permitted, to access the CSG BS if the UE meets an access condition, are disclosed. In accordance with the method and the system, an outdoor BS, manages a list of indoor BSs of a CCSG selected among indoor BSs of the CSG. The indoor BSs of the CCSG allow the UE to access the indoor BSs of the CCSG when the UE meets an access condition. The outdoor BS broadcasts a reporting criteria and reporting information, receives measurement values that meet the reporting criteria and an identity of the indoor BS as the reporting information from the UE, recognizes the environment of the UE based on the measurement value, checks the identity of the indoor base station in the list of the CCSG and allows the UE to access the indoor base station based on a check result.

Abstract: In one embodiment, after determining downlink backhaul sub-frames based on a constitution period of backhaul sub-frames and determining uplink backhaul sub-frames based on the determined downlink backhaul sub-frames by a relay, all or portions of uplink signals in the determined uplink backhaul sub-frames are transmitted within a backhaul sub-frame allocation period, or after assigning numbers to all of the determined uplink backhaul sub-frames, all or portions of uplink signals are transmitted according to the assigned uplink backhaul sub-frame numbers within a backhaul sub-frame allocation period.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for reducing a resource element group (REG) size, which is used at a control channel element (CCE) for a relay physical downlink control channel (R-PDCCH), for the purpose of easy interleaving by a physical resource block (PRB) unit for the R-PDCCH, and a mobile telecommunication system for the same. The mobile telecommunication system of the present invention includes reducing the CCE size to 8 REGs or less of the R-PDCCH to be included in a single PRB.

Abstract: Embodiments for providing a method of controlling timing of a downlink backhaul sub-frame and a relay system for the same are disclosed. According to the present invention, a control signal is transmitted to user equipment during a control symbol period of a sub-frame and a data starting point of the sub-frame is set after a time (SG1) for switching from a transmission mode to a reception mode to receive backhaul data of a base station during a backhaul symbol period. Timing of a transmission sub-frame and a reception sub-frame is delayed by the SG1. A sum of a length of the SG1 and a time (SG2) for switching from the reception mode to the transmission mode is shorter than a length of a symbol having a normal CP. At this time, the lengths of the SG1 and the SG2 are identical to each other or the length of the SG2 is shorter than the length of the SG1. In such a case, the backhaul data are received up to a last symbol period of backhaul symbols of the reception sub-frame.

Abstract: A method for measuring a self-interference (SI) which occurs in a relay and controlling radio resources of a base station based on the measured SI, and a mobile telecommunication system using the same. The mobile telecommunication system includes a relay which calculates intensity of SI; and a base station which performs radio resource management based on the calculated SI intensity. The method for measuring SI includes calculating intensity of SI using a relay; and performing radio resource management at a base station based on the calculated SI intensity.

Abstract: A method of managing cells of base stations (BSs) and a mobile telecommunication system for the same, capable of allowing a user equipment (UE), which had not been permitted, to access the CSG BS if the UE meets an access condition, are disclosed. In accordance with the method and the system, an outdoor BS, manages a list of indoor BSs of a CCSG selected among indoor BSs of the CSG. The indoor BSs of the CCSG allow the UE to access the indoor BSs of the CCSG when the UE meets an access condition. The outdoor BS broadcasts a reporting criteria and reporting information, receives measurement values that meet the reporting criteria and an identity of the indoor BS as the reporting information from the UE, recognizes the environment of the UE based on the measurement value, checks the identity of the indoor base station in the list of the CCSG and allows the UE to access the indoor base station based on a check result.

Abstract: A method of recognizing states and locations of user equipment in a network by using a random access (RA) channel at a base station without alteration of the conventional network environment or configurations of user equipment. A mobile communication system of an embodiment includes a first base station; and one or more second base stations having service regions smaller than a service region of the first base station. The first base station is operable to broadcast configuration information to the user equipment for connecting to at least one of the one or more second base stations. The user equipment is operable to transmit an uplink signal to at least one of the one or more second base stations in accordance with the configuration information received from the first base station, and at least one of the one or more second base stations is operable to transmit information on the user equipment that transmitted the uplink signal to the first base station after receiving the uplink signal.

Abstract: Cell search method in an asynchronous mobile communication network suitable for reducing a hardware complexity and a power consumption of a mobile terminal by improving a cell search method suggested to ETSI(European Telecommunications Standards Institute) presently, method including the steps of (a1) the user device obtaining a slot synchronization for every slot assigned to the first and second synchronization channels using the first synchronization signal transmitted from the base station, and detecting a position of an omitted synchronization code when there is the omitted synchronization code from a plurality of synchronization codes in the first synchronization signal, (b1) searching for a starting point of each frame assigned to the first and second synchronization channels and one base station group the base station is in use by using the second synchronization signal, and (c1) the user device determining a code for identifying the base station among the second codes used by the base station group fr

Abstract: A method of allocating optimum orthogonal function codes to a reverse link in a communication system which has one base station and a plurality of mobile stations, comprising the first step of detecting characteristics of reverse channels from a desired one of the mobile stations to the base station, the second step of obtaining an orthogonal function code based on the detected characteristics of the reverse channels, and the third step of allocating the obtained orthogonal function code to the desired mobile station. According to the present invention, optimum Walsh codes are allocated for distinction between mobile station signals of the reverse link to minimize an interference between mobile stations in a CDMA communication system. Therefore, an inter-mobile station interference through a multipath can be minimized to significantly enhance a signal-to-noise ratio of the reverse link.