Abstract: Motion compensation along different directions is disclosed. A method for video processing includes determining, for a conversion between a current video block of a video and a bitstream representation of the current video block, optical flow associated with the current video block in an optical flow-based motion refinement process or prediction process. The optical flow is derived along directions that are different from a horizontal direction and/or a vertical direction. The method also includes performing the conversion based on the optical flow.

Abstract: An example method of video processing includes determining, for a conversion between a current block of a video and a bitstream representation of the video, that one or more samples of the video outside the current block are unavailable for a coding process of the conversion. The coding process comprises an adaptive loop filter (ALF) coding process. The method also includes performing, based on the determining, the conversion by using padded samples for the one or more samples of the video. The padded samples are generated by checking for availability of samples in an order.

Abstract: A method of video processing is described. The method of video processing includes: performing a conversion between a video comprising video blocks and a coded representation of the video; wherein the coded representation conforms to a format rule, wherein the format rule specifies that context adaptive coding of a block vector predictor (BVP) index of a first video block coded using a block vector (BV) prediction mode and an index for inter mode coding used for coding a second video block is performed by sharing a same context; wherein the BVP index is to an entry in a history-based motion vector predictor list used for generating a block vector predictor for the first video block.

Abstract: A data-driven wind farm frequency control method based on dynamic mode decomposition. The method enables a low-dimension nonlinear dynamic feature of a wind power system to perform global capturing in a high-dimension space through a state transition matrix given by a Koopman operator theory, thus fewer data samples are necessary while control requirements are satisfied with respect to a model fitting accuracy. Meanwhile, a pure linear feature of a control model also provides a favorable foundation for fast on-line dynamic response, thereby satisfying response accuracy and speed requirements simultaneously in an actual control step.

Abstract: A battery equalization system, a vehicle, a battery equalization method, and a storage medium. The battery equalization system includes: a collection circuit; and equalization circuit; a controller, connected to the collection circuit and the equalization circuit; and a power supply branch circuit, controlled by the controller to get connected to a power supply unit and the battery equalization system when a vehicle is in an OFF gear and a cell needs enabling of equalization, so that the power supply unit supplies power to the battery equalization system.

Abstract: A method of video processing, including performing a conversion between a video block of a video component of a video and a bitstream of the video, where the video block includes sub-blocks, where a filtering tool is used during the conversion according to a rule, and where the rule specifies that the filtering tool is applied by using a single offset for all samples of each sub-block of the video block.

Abstract: A method for multi-time scale reactive voltage control based on reinforcement learning in a power distribution network is provided, which relates to the field of power system operation and control. The method includes: constituting an optimization model for multi-time scale reactive voltage control in a power distribution network based on a reactive voltage control object of a slow discrete device and a reactive voltage control object of a fast continuous device in the power distribution network; constructing a hierarchical interaction training framework based on a two-layer Markov decision process based on the model; setting a slow agent for the slow discrete device and setting a fast agent for the fast continuous device; and deciding action values of the controlled devices by each agent based on measurement information inputted, so as to realize the multi-time scale reactive voltage control while the slow agent and the fast agent perform continuous online learning.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a first wafer, and a second wafer bonded with the first wafer and comprising a substrate and a device layer over the substrate. The first wafer is over the second wafer and includes memory arrays, array-base regions over the memory arrays, an isolation structure surrounding and insulating the array-base regions from one another, and bonding pads over the isolation structure. An array-base region of the array-base regions is connected with a memory array of the memory arrays. A bonding pad of the bonding pads is exposed.

Abstract: A video coding or decoding method includes using history-based motion vector prediction (HMVP) for conversion between multiple video blocks including a current block of video and a bitstream representation of the multiple video blocks such that for a uni-predicted block that for which a single reference picture is used for motion compensation, and refraining from updating a look-up table for HMVP candidates for the uni-predicted block. The video coding or decoding method further includes performing the conversion using look-up tables for the multiple video blocks.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a solution for video processing. A method for video processing is proposed. The method comprises: constructing a list of merge candidates for a target block of a video in a coding mode based on motion vector difference (MVD); reordering the list of merge candidates for the target block; and performing a conversion between the target block and a bitstream of the video based on the reordered list of merge candidates. Compared with the conventional solution, the proposed method can advantageously improve the coding efficiency.

Abstract: A LED includes: a semiconductor layer sequence, a first electrode and a second electrode, and the semiconductor layer sequence includes a first semiconductor layer, a light-emitting layer, and a second semiconductor layer arranged sequentially from bottom to top in that order. The first or second electrode includes an electrode structure including a first metal layer, a second metal layer, and a third metal layer. The first metal layer is electrically connected to the semiconductor layer sequence, the second metal layer is disposed on the first metal layer, and the third metal layer is disposed on the second metal layer. The second metal layer includes a nickel-phosphorus alloy or a nickel-phosphorus compound. The design of the second metal layer enhances the electrode adhesion and reliability during soldering, preventing the diffusion of an external solder to the first metal layer, thereby avoiding the risk of electrode detachment caused by push force.

Abstract: Devices, systems and methods related to management of syntax flags with respect chroma formats in video processing are described. In one representative aspect, a video decoding method includes determining, for a conversion between a video and a coded representation of the video, whether a syntax element associated with an adaptive loop filtering (ALF) operation for a chroma component of the video is included in the coded representation based on a condition. The method also includes performing the conversion according to the determining.

Abstract: A method of visual media processing video, includes determining that palette mode is to be used for processing a first portion of a video block and intra block copy (IBC) mode is to be used for processing a second portion of the video block, and performing further processing of the first portion of the video block using the palette mode and the second portion of the video using the IBC mode, wherein indications of the first portion of the video block processed using the palette mode and indications of the second portion of the video block processed using the IBC mode are included in a palette index identifying the first portion of the video block and the second portion of the video block.

Abstract: Symmetric motion vector difference coding is described. One example video processing method includes determining, for a conversion between a block of a current picture of video and a bitstream representation of the block, whether a symmetric motion vector difference (SMVD) mode is allowable for the block. Whether the SMVD mode is allowable depends on a derivation process of two target reference pictures of the current picture, which includes a first step for searching a forward target reference picture in the reference picture list 0 and searching a backward target reference picture in the reference picture list 1, and a second step for searching a backward target reference picture in the reference picture list 0 and searching a forward target reference picture in the reference picture list 1. Outputs of the first and second steps are independent of each other. The method further includes performing the conversion based on the determination.

Abstract: Devices, systems and methods for video processing are described. In a representative aspect, there is disclosed a method for video processing, including: determining, according to a splitting information, for a current video block of a video, a partition mode in which the current video block is split into M portions, wherein M>4; and performing a conversion for the current video block based on the partition mode.

Abstract: A video processing method is provided to include performing a conversion between a coded representation of a video including one or more video regions and the video. The coded representation includes side information applicable for in-loop reshaping (ILR) of some of the one or more video regions. The side information provides parameters for a reconstruction of a video unit of a video region based on a representation of the video unit in a first domain and a second domain and/or scaling chroma residue of a chroma video unit. The side information applicable to the some of the one or more video regions is coded without directly inheriting from other video regions.

Abstract: A method and system for power grid optimization control based on a linear time-varying model is provided. The system model is first estimated offline using historical data combined with a piecewise linear regression method that supports a vector regression model. For online applications, a time-varying linear model prediction control framework based on a piecewise linear model coordinates the optimization control of both fast and slow regulating devices in the power grid. This approach does not require precise system model parameters, instead learning the power grid model from historical data. The method optimizes voltage distribution, reduces operating costs, and addresses issues like bad data and collinearity in the historical data, improving the voltage quality and enabling optimal operation even with incomplete models.

Abstract: Devices, systems and methods for sub-block based prediction are described. In a representative aspect, a method for video encoding includes partitioning, based on a first rule, a luma component of a block of video data into a first set of sub-blocks. The method also includes partitioning, based on a second rule, a first chroma component of the block of video data into a second set of sub-blocks. The first and the second set of sub-blocks include different numbers of sub-blocks. The method also includes performing a subsequent motion prediction based on the first and the second set of sub-blocks.

Abstract: The application provides a method for controlling nitrogen in steelmaking by spraying hydrogen containing plasma, including: using a mixture of hydrogen rich gas and argon gas to generate hydrogen plasma for denitrification of molten steel during at least one of arc furnace smelting, ladle refining, VOD refining, and RH refining. The method for controlling nitrogen in steelmaking by spraying hydrogen containing plasma provided in the application can effectively remove nitrogen from the molten steel by spraying a mixture of argon gas and hydrogen rich gas into the molten steel through a hollow electrode and plasma torch, reducing electrode consumption and electricity consumption per ton steel, and also reducing arc radiation heat loss, improving heating rate, thereby shortening smelting time and reducing production costs.

Abstract: A method of visual media processing is provided. The method includes determining a size of a buffer to store reference samples for prediction in an intra block copy mode, and performing a conversion between a current video block of visual media data and a bitstream of the current video block. The conversion is performed using the reference samples stored in the buffer, and in the intra block copy (IBC) mode. The IBC mode is based on motion information related to a reconstructed block located in same video region with the current video block without referring to a reference picture.