Abstract: A gasification apparatus for solid fuel, especially an apparatus for producing syngas by pressurized gasification of coal powder, including a gasification chamber (II) and a syngas cooling chamber (III). The inner wall of the gasification chamber is a water-cooling wall (4). The inner side of the water-cooled wall is evenly coated with a layer of fire-resistant material (16). There is an annular cavity between the water-cooling wall of the gasification chamber and the furnace body. A syngas cooling device, a vertical pipe (22), a gas distribution device (24), a defoaming device, and a dewatering and deashing device (21) are provided in the syngas cooling chamber. Said syngas cooling device is connected with a cone-shaped disk at the bottom of the gasification chamber. The vertical pipe (22) is connected with the syngas cooling device. The lower portion of the vertical pipe (22) is connected with the trumpet-shaped gas distribution device (24) via a smooth transition.