Abstract: A method for enhancing a near-infrared fluorescence image includes providing a NIR fluorescence image produced by detecting light in the NIR-I or NIR-IIa windows emitted by fluorophores; and inputting the NIR fluorescence image to a convolutional neural network to produce as output a translated image, where the convolutional neural network is trained using a set of NIR-I or NIR-IIa fluorescence images and a set of NIR-IIb fluorescence images. Preferably, the convolutional neural network is a U-Net.

Abstract: Methods of detecting ZNT8 antibodies in serum are described. The methods include proteoliposomes comprising a transmembrane domain (TMD) and a cytosolic domain (CTD) of ZnT8 proteins exposed on the exterior of the proteoliposome; serum comprising antibodies targeting the ZnT8 proteins; and labelled captured autoantibodies that bind to ZnT8 antibodies.

Abstract: An electrochemical device includes an anode having sodium or lithium; a cathode having a carbonaceous material; a separator; and an electrolyte that includes a metal halide, a fluorinated electrolyte compound, and thionyl chloride; wherein the electrochemical device is a primary battery or a secondary battery.

Abstract: Provided are gold molecular clusters functionalized with phosphorylcholine (PC) ligands. Also provided are compositions comprising the gold molecular clusters and methods of in vivo imaging of a tissue in a subject, the methods comprising administering a composition of the present disclosure to the subject, and performing NIR-I or NIR-II in vivo fluorescence imaging of the tissue. Also provided are kits comprising the gold molecular clusters and compositions of the present disclosure, as well as methods of synthesizing gold molecular clusters functionalized with PC ligands.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods for diagnosing or prognosticating SARS-CoV-2 infection and/or COVID-19 in a subject. The methods set forth improved immunoassays, sensing platforms, and methods for detecting SARS-CoV-2 infection and re-infection.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are ionic liquid electrolytes comprising lithium cations, sodium cations, organic cations, and fluorinated anions, wherein a concentration of the lithium cations is about 1.3 M or greater. Also disclosed are batteries comprising an anode, a cathode, and the electrolyte of this disclosure disposed between the anode and the cathode.

Abstract: Sensitive detection of IgG antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 is important to assessing immune responses to viral infection or vaccination and immunity duration. Antibody assays using non-invasive body fluids such as saliva could facilitate mass testing including young children, elderly and those who resist blood draws, and easily allowing longitudinal testing/monitoring of antibodies over time. Here, we developed a new lateral flow (nLF) assay that sensitively detects SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies in the saliva samples of vaccinated individuals and previous COVID-19 patients. The 25 minutes nLF assay detected anti-spike protein (anti-S1) IgG in saliva samples with 100% specificity and high sensitivity from both vaccinated (99.51% for samples ?19 days post 1st Pfizer or Moderna mRNA vaccine dose) and infected individuals.

Abstract: Provided herein are rechargeable alkali metal batteries comprising: an anode including an alkali metal; a cathode; and an electrolyte to support reversible plating and stripping of the alkali metal at the anode, wherein the electrolyte includes alkali metal ions, chloroaluminate anions (AlClri), and an additive including imide anions.

Abstract: Provided are cubic-phase (?-phase) erbium (Er)-doped near-infrared-II (NIR-II)-emitting nanoparticles. In certain embodiments, the nanoparticles are near-infrared-IIb (NIR-IIb)-emitting nanoparticles. Also provided are nanoparticles having disposed thereon a layer-by-layer crosslinked polymeric hydrophilic biocompatible coating. Also provided are compositions comprising the nanoparticles of the present disclosure. Methods of using the nanoparticles, e.g., for in vivo imaging, are also provided.

Abstract: A corrosion resistant anode is provided for oxygen evolution reaction in water including chloride ions. The anode includes: (1) a substrate; (2) a passivation layer coating the substrate; and (3) an electrocatalyst layer coating the passivation layer. Polyanion adjusted alkaline seawater electrolyte for hydrogen generation by electrolysis is also provided.

Abstract: A method for enhancing a near-infrared fluorescence image includes providing a NIR fluorescence image produced by detecting light in the NIR-I or NIR-IIa windows emitted by fluorophores; and inputting the NIR fluorescence image to a convolutional neural network to produce as output a translated image, where the convolutional neural network is trained using a set of NIR-I or NIR-IIa fluorescence images and a set of NIR-IIb fluorescence images. Preferably, the convolutional neural network is a U-Net.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods for diagnosing or prognosticating SARS-CoV-2 infection and/or COVID-19 in a subject. The methods set forth improved immunoassays, sensing platforms, and methods for detecting SARS-CoV-2 infection and re-infection.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods for making a metal and metal-alloy anode battery having electrolytes which include Al—Cl41? and are free of any Al2Cl7?1 anions. These batteries are observed to have improved electrochemical performance. Also set forth herein are electrolytes include AlCl41? and are free of any Al2Cl71? anions. Also set forth herein are electrochemical cells which include electrolytes which include AlCl41? and are free of any Al2Cl71? anions.

Abstract: A metal-ion battery includes: 1) an anode including a metal; 2) a cathode; and 3) an ionic liquid electrolyte disposed between the anode and the cathode, wherein the ionic liquid electrolyte corresponds to a mixture of a metal halide and an organic compound.

Abstract: Provided are methods of near-infrared II light sheet microscopy with excitation and emission up to between about 1320 nm and about 2400 nm, respectively, for optical sectioning through live tissues with improved penetration depth without any invasive surgery. The methods allow for normal and oblique configurations enabled in vivo imaging of live mice through intact tissue, revealing such as abnormal blood flow and T cell motion in tumor microcirculation and mapping out programmed-death ligand 1 and programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) in tumors with cellular resolution. 3D imaging through intact mouse heads resolved vascular channels between skull and brain cortex, and monitored recruitment of macrophages/microglia to traumatic brain injury site post injury.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are systems and methods for detecting and diagnosing flaviviral or alphaviral infections in subjects in need thereof. The systems and methods of the disclosure enable rapid testing of small volumes of biological sample with the ability to reliably distinguish between flavival and alphaviral infections and determine whether the viral infection is acute or chronic.

Abstract: Disclosed is a small molecule dye for use in imaging in the near-infrared window, namely between 1000 nm-1700 nm wavelength. The present dyes are also useful for photoacoustic imaging and photothermal therapy. The dyes have a structure of a D-A-D (donor-acceptor-donor) fluorescent compound core and side chains rendering the compounds water soluble and easily conjugated to hydrophilic polymers and/or targeting ligands. Further disclosed is compound, CH1055 that can be PEGylated, conjugated to a targeting ligand, or conjugated to taurine. Key steps utilized to assemble the core structure of the target included a cross-Suzuki coupling reaction, iron reduction and N-thionylaniline induced ring closure. Four carboxylic acid groups were introduced into the donor-acceptor-donor (D-A-D) type fluorescent compound to impart a certain aqueous solubility and to allow facile conjugation to targeting ligands.

Abstract: A corrosion resistant anode is provided for oxygen evolution reaction in water including chloride ions. The anode includes: (1) a substrate; (2) a passivation layer coating the substrate; and (3) an electrocatalyst layer coating the passivation layer. Polyanion adjusted alkaline seawater electrolyte for hydrogen generation by electrolysis is also provided.

Abstract: A method of forming a cathode for hydrogen evolution reaction includes: (1) providing a substrate; (2) forming a precursor layer covering the substrate; and (3) annealing the precursor layer to form an electrocatalyst layer covering the substrate.

Abstract: Provided herein are new methods for making a highly stable metal anode (e.g., aluminum ion) battery. The battery includes, in some embodiments, a fluorinated material, for instance FEP or PTFE, as a chemical compatible enclosure which does not react with the electrolyte in the battery. In some examples, the batteries described herein are stable over many cycle lives and also tolerant a highly acidic electrolyte environment, even after long storage times. In some examples, the chemical compatible enclosure includes an inserted tube which allows for the removing of residual water and HCl which may be present in the battery, either as made, during use (e.g., charge-discharge cycling), or after use. Also set forth herein, in some examples, are methods of using a battery, including continuous drawing a vacuum on a battery during battery cycling.