Abstract: A positive electrode active material for a secondary battery includes a lithium composite transition metal oxide including nickel (Ni), cobalt (Co), and manganese (Mn), wherein the lithium composite transition metal oxide has a layered crystal structure of space group R3m, includes the nickel (Ni) in an amount of 60 mol % or less based on a total amount of transition metals, includes the cobalt (Co) in an amount greater than an amount of the manganese (Mn), and is composed of single particles.

Abstract: A positive electrode active material precursor having a uniform particle size distribution and represented by Formula 1, wherein a percentage of fine powder with an average particle diameter (D50) of 1 ?m or less is generated when the positive electrode active material precursor is rolled at 2.5 kgf/cm2 is less than 1%, and an aspect ratio is 0.93 or more, and a method of preparing the positive electrode active material precursor [NixCoyM1zM2w](OH)2 ??[Formula 1] in Formula 1, 0.5?x<1, 0<y?0.5, 0<z?0.5, and 0?w?0.1, M1 includes at least one selected from the group consisting of Mn and Al, and M2 includes at least one selected from the group consisting of Zr, B, W, Mo, Cr, Nb, Mg, Hf, Ta, La, Ti, Sr, Ba, Ce, F, P, S, and Y. A method of preparing the positive electrode active material precursor is also provided.

Abstract: A method of preparing a positive electrode active material includes mixing a positive electrode active material precursor with a lithium raw material and performing a primary heat treatment, and performing a secondary heat treatment at a temperature lower than that of the primary heat treatment to prepare a positive electrode active material. The primary heat treatment and the secondary heat treatment are respectively performed in an oxygen atmosphere. The secondary heat treatment is performed in the oxygen atmosphere with an oxygen concentration of 50% or more.

Abstract: A positive electrode active material for a secondary battery including: a lithium complex transition metal oxide which contains nickel (Ni) and cobalt (Co), and contains at least one selected from the group consisting of manganese (Mn) and aluminum (Al); and a composite coating portion which is formed on a surface of the lithium complex transition metal oxide is provided. The lithium complex transition metal oxide has a nickel (Ni) content of 65 mol % or more with respect to the total transition metal content, and the composite coating portion contains cobalt (Co) and boron (B), and contains at least one selected from the group consisting of lanthanum (La), titanium (Ti), and aluminum (Al).

Abstract: Disclosed are a message service provision method for providing a message service via an open chat room corresponding to link information, and a message server and a terminal for executing the message service provision method. The message service provision method comprises the steps of: transmitting, to a message server, a request for issuing link information for an open chat room via a message application; receiving, from the message server, link information generated in response to the request for issuing link information; sharing the link information according to a request for sharing inputted by a user of a host terminal; and performing chatting with a user of a guest terminal participating in the open chat room by means of the shared link information; wherein the user of the guest terminal and the user of the host terminal are users who subscribed to a message service provided via the message server.

Abstract: A positive electrode active material for a secondary battery including: a lithium complex transition metal oxide which contains nickel (Ni) and cobalt (Co), and contains at least one selected from the group consisting of manganese (Mn) and aluminum (Al); and a composite coating portion which is formed on a surface of the lithium complex transition metal oxide is provided. The lithium complex transition metal oxide has a nickel (Ni) content of 65 mol % or more with respect to the total transition metal content, and the composite coating portion contains cobalt (Co) and boron (B), and contains at least one selected from the group consisting of lanthanum (La), titanium (Ti), and aluminum (Al).

Abstract: A positive electrode active material includes a core including a first lithium complex metal oxide, and a shell located surrounding the core and including a second lithium complex metal oxide, and further includes a buffer layer located between the core and the shell. The buffer layer includes a pore, and a three-dimensional network structure of a third lithium complex metal oxide which is connecting the core and the shell. Accordingly, the positive electrode active material is capable of enhancing an output property and a life property by minimizing destruction of the active material caused by a rolling process during the electrode preparation, maximizing reactivity with an electrolyte liquid, and by the particles that form the shell having a crystal structure with orientation facilitating lithium ion intercalation and deintercalation.

Abstract: Disclosed are a message service provision method for providing a message service via an open chat room corresponding to link information, and a message server and a terminal for executing the message service provision method. The message service provision method comprises the steps of: transmitting, to a message server, a request for issuing link information for an open chat room via a message application; receiving, from the message server, link information generated in response to the request for issuing link information; sharing the link information according to a request for sharing inputted by a user of a host terminal; and performing chatting with a user of a guest terminal participating in the open chat room by means of the shared link information; wherein the user of the guest terminal and the user of the host terminal are users who subscribed to a message service provided via the message server.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a positive electrode active material for a lithium secondary battery, a method for preparing the same and a lithium secondary battery including the same, the positive electrode active material includes a core including a first lithium complex metal oxide, and a shell located surrounding the core and including a second lithium complex metal oxide, and further includes a buffer layer located between the core and the shell, wherein the buffer layer includes a pore, and a three-dimensional network structure of a third lithium complex metal oxide which is connecting the core and the shell, and accordingly, minimizing destruction of the active material caused by a rolling process during the electrode preparation, and maximizing reactivity with an electrolyte liquid.

Abstract: Disclosed are a scratch-proof TPU (thermoplastic polyurethane) cutting board having increased wear resistance and no toxicity and a method of manufacturing the same, the method according to a preferred embodiment including (1) weighing 72 wt % of TPU, 25 wt % of magnesium sulfate, and 3 wt % of a dispersant, (2) placing the materials weighed in step (1) in a mixing tank and performing mixing with stirring for 40 min, (3) placing the mixed materials in a dryer and performing drying at 80° C. for 3 hr, and (4) placing the dried materials in an injection-molding machine and performing injection molding, whereby the molecular cohesion of TPU and magnesium sulfate is enhanced, whereby the final TPU cutting board has greatly increased wear resistance and friction resistance and is non-toxic, and surface scratches do not occur due to a cutting process when using the cutting board, thereby preventing discoloration of the surface of the cutting board.

Abstract: A method of preparing a positive electrode active material includes mixing a lithium raw material and a nickel-containing transition metal hydroxide precursor containing nickel in an amount of 65 mol % or more based on a total number of moles of transition metals and performing a first heat treatment to prepare a nickel-containing lithium transition metal oxide. The method also includes mixing a boron and carbon-containing raw material and a cobalt-containing raw material with the nickel-containing lithium transition metal oxide to form a mixture, and performing a second heat treatment on the mixture to form a coating material including B and Co on a surface of the lithium transition metal oxide. A positive electrode active material prepared by the preparation method is formed, and a positive electrode for a lithium secondary battery and a lithium secondary battery which include the positive electrode active material.

Abstract: Disclosed are a message service provision method for providing a message service via an open chat room corresponding to link information, and a message server and a terminal for executing the message service provision method. The message service provision method comprises the steps of: transmitting, to a message server, a request for issuing link information for an open chat room via a message application; receiving, from the message server, link information generated in response to the request for issuing link information; sharing the link information according to a request for sharing inputted by a user of a host terminal; and performing chatting with a user of a guest terminal participating in the open chat room by means of the shared link information; wherein the user of the guest terminal and the user of the host terminal are users who subscribed to a message service provided via the message server.

Abstract: Disclosed are a message service provision method for providing a message service via an open chat room corresponding to link information, and a message server and a terminal for executing the message service provision method. The message service provision method comprises the steps of: transmitting, to a message server, a request for issuing link information for an open chat room via a message application; receiving, from the message server, link information generated in response to the request for issuing link information; sharing the link information according to a request for sharing inputted by a user of a host terminal; and performing chatting with a user of a guest terminal participating in the open chat room by means of the shared link information; wherein the user of the guest terminal and the user of the host terminal are users who subscribed to a message service provided via the message server.

Abstract: Provided are a data processing apparatus and method for merging and processing deterministic knowledge and non-deterministic knowledge. The data processing apparatus and method may efficiently process various real-time and large-scale data to convert the data into knowledge by merging and processing non-deterministic knowledge and also deterministic knowledge perceived by an expert. Thus, it is possible to adaptively operate in accordance with a dynamically changing application service environment by converting a conversion rule for converting collected data generated from an application service system into semantic data, a context awareness rule for perceiving context information from given information, and a user query for searching for knowledge information into knowledge and gradually augmenting the knowledge information in accordance with an application service environment.

Abstract: A positive electrode active material for a lithium secondary battery includes a lithium composite transition metal oxide including transition metals including nickel (Ni), cobalt (Co), and manganese (Mn), and the lithium composite transition metal oxide is doped with doping elements including cobalt (Co) and titanium (Ti). The lithium composite transition metal oxide includes at least one lithium layer and at least one transition metal layer including the transition metals, and the lithium layer and the transition metal layer are alternately arranged. The thickness of the lithium layer ranges from 2.146 ? to 2.182 ?, and the thickness of the transition metal layer ranges from 2.561 ? to 2.595 ?A.

Abstract: Disclosed are a scratch-proof TPU (thermoplastic polyurethane) cutting board having increased wear resistance and no toxicity and a method of manufacturing the same, the method according to a preferred embodiment including (1) weighing 72 wt % of TPU, 25 wt % of magnesium sulfate, and 3 wt % of a dispersant, (2) placing the materials weighed in step (1) in a mixing tank and performing mixing with stirring for 40 min, (3) placing the mixed materials in a dryer and performing drying at 80° C. for 3 hr, and (4) placing the dried materials in an injection-molding machine and performing injection molding, whereby the molecular cohesion of TPU and magnesium sulfate is enhanced, whereby the final TPU cutting board has greatly increased wear resistance and friction resistance and is non-toxic, and surface scratches do not occur due to a cutting process when using the cutting board, thereby preventing discoloration of the surface of the cutting board.

Abstract: A method of preparing a positive electrode active material includes mixing a lithium raw material and a nickel-containing transition metal hydroxide precursor containing nickel in an amount of 65 mol % or more based on a total number of moles of transition metals and performing a first heat treatment to prepare a nickel-containing lithium transition metal oxide. The method also includes mixing a boron and carbon-containing raw material and a cobalt-containing raw material with the nickel-containing lithium transition metal oxide to form a mixture, and performing a second heat treatment on the mixture to form a coating material including B and Co on a surface of the lithium transition metal oxide. A positive electrode active material prepared by the preparation method is formed, and a positive electrode for a lithium secondary battery and a lithium secondary battery which include the positive electrode active material.

Abstract: A method of preparing a positive electrode active material for a lithium secondary battery includes mixing a transition metal hydroxide containing transition metals including nickel (Ni), cobalt (Co) and manganese (Mn), a lithium-containing raw material and a doping raw material including at least one doping element selected from the group consisting of Al, Mg, Co, V, Ti, Zr and W and performing a first calcination treatment thereon to prepare a lithium composite transition metal oxide doped with the doping element; and mixing the lithium composite transition metal oxide and a coating raw material including at least one coating element selected from the group consisting of Al, Mg, Co, Ti, Zr and B and performing a second calcination treatment thereon to prepare a positive electrode active material in which a coating layer containing the coating element is formed on the lithium composite transition metal oxide.

Abstract: A positive electrode active material for a secondary battery which includes a lithium composite transition metal oxide including nickel (Ni), cobalt (Co), and manganese (Mn), wherein the lithium composite transition metal oxide has a layered crystal structure of space group R3m, includes the nickel (Ni) in an amount of 60 mol % or less based on a total amount of transition metals, includes the cobalt (Co) in an amount greater than an amount of the manganese (Mn), and is composed of single particles.

Abstract: The present invention provides a battery cell including: an electrode assembly configured of a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a separation membrane; and a battery case in which a sealing surplus part is formed at an external circumference in a state that the electrode assembly is built in a receiving unit, wherein the battery case is formed of a sheet-shaped structure having a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface, an electrode terminal of the sheet-shaped structure is protruded through one side sealing surplus part of the battery case, and the electrode terminal is in contact with one surface or the other surface opposite to the one surface of the sealing surplus part in a state that the electrode terminal is bent in the first surface direction or the second surface direction of the battery case at the protrude part.