Abstract: Methods, system, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on computer storage media for data processing are provided. One of the methods includes: establishing a logic contract of a blockchain and one or more data contracts corresponding to the logic contract; deploying the logic contract and the one or more data contracts in the blockchain; storing data of a target block in the blockchain into the one or more data contracts; computing a hash value of each of the one or more data contracts; and determining a hash value of the target block in the blockchain based on the hash value of each of the one or more data contracts.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on computer storage media, for a data processing method are provided. One of the methods includes: distributing, to one or more computing devices, data of one or more leaf nodes in a blockchain node, for the one or more computing devices to compute checksums of the data of the leaf nodes; and determining, according to the checksums of the data of the leaf nodes, a root checksum of data in the blockchain node. Compared to conventional methods, these methods compute a checksum of data faster and more efficiently, and thus ensure proper generations of blocks and operations of a blockchain.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on computer storage media, for adding transaction data into a blockchain are provided. One of the methods includes: obtaining transaction data to be added into the blockchain, assigning the transaction data into transaction subsets, and executing the transaction subsets in parallel, and storing results of the execution into the blockchain. Pieces of the transaction data having at least one of: a same transaction type or an overlapping scope of data change are assigned into a same transaction subset, and pieces of the transaction data with different transaction types and with no overlapping scope of data change are assigned into different transaction subsets.

Abstract: Implementations of the present disclosure include identifying, by a relay that is communicatively linked with a first blockchain instance and a second blockchain instance in a unified blockchain network, a blockchain domain name of a first blockchain instance; identifying a blockchain domain name of the second blockchain instance; receiving, from a node of the first blockchain instance, an access request for accessing the second blockchain instance, wherein the access request including the blockchain domain name of the second blockchain instance; identifying a chain identifier of the second blockchain instance based on the blockchain domain name of the second blockchain instance, wherein the chain identifier of the second blockchain instance indicates a blockchain network configuration of the second blockchain instance; and providing access to the second blockchain instance for the first blockchain instance based on the blockchain network configuration indicated by the chain identifier of the second blockchai

Abstract: A node in a blockchain network receives service data generated in a specified time period, where the service data comprises label information used to represent a processing priority of the service data. The node determines, when a new block is generated, a throughput that corresponds to the label information based on a predetermined mapping relationship between label information and a throughput. The node obtains service data that satisfies the throughput and that comprises the label information from a data processing set based on the throughput, where the service data is stored in the data processing set. The service data is stored in the new block.

Abstract: A communication request sent by a second node in a blockchain network is received by a first node in the blockchain network. Whether the second node has a mapping relationship with the first node is determined by the first node. A communication connection to the second node is established by the first node in response to determining that the second node has a mapping relationship with the first node. Establishment of a communication connection to the second node is refused by the first node in response to determining that the second node does not have a mapping relationship with the first node.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on computer storage media, for adding transaction data into a blockchain are provided. One of the methods includes: obtaining transaction data to be added into the blockchain, assigning the transaction data into transaction subsets, and executing the transaction subsets in parallel, and storing results of the execution into the blockchain. Pieces of the transaction data having at least one of: a same transaction type or an overlapping scope of data change are assigned into a same transaction subset, and pieces of the transaction data with different transaction types and with no overlapping scope of data change are assigned into different transaction subsets.

Abstract: This specification describes techniques for performing cross-blockchain interactions. One example method includes generating, by a blockchain node in a first blockchain, a subscription request to a cross-chain interaction end between the first blockchain and a second blockchain. The blockchain node can then obtain a message from the second blockchain based on the subscription request, and subsequently perform an operation related to the obtained message. In some instances, the message obtained by the blockchain node is a message that is published in the second blockchain and satisfies subscription conditions of the blockchain node.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on computer storage media, for adding transaction data into a blockchain are provided. One of the methods includes: obtaining transaction data to be added into the blockchain, assigning the transaction data into transaction subsets, and executing the transaction subsets in parallel, and storing results of the execution into the blockchain. Pieces of the transaction data having at least one of: a same transaction type or an overlapping scope of data change are assigned into a same transaction subset, and pieces of the transaction data with different transaction types and with no overlapping scope of data change are assigned into different transaction subsets.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices, including computer programs encoded on computer storage media, for data processing are provided. One of the methods includes: receiving a query parameter; obtaining query result data from each of one or more predetermined data sources according to the query parameter; converting the query result data into target reliable data conforming to a predetermined data reliability protocol; and sending the target reliable data to a blockchain node.

Abstract: At a node device associated with a blockchain as a received target transaction, a target transaction published by a user is received, where the received target transaction includes transaction content, and where at least a part of the transaction content includes a content summary associated with target content that is stored in a third-party storage system connected to the blockchain. By the node device and to the third-party storage system, the target content corresponding to the content summary is queried. By the node device, whether the target content is verified is determined. In response to determining that the target content is verified, by the node device, the received target transaction is executed based on the transaction content. By the node device, the received target transaction is stored in a distributed database associated with the blockchain.

Abstract: Methods, system, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on computer storage media for data processing are provided. One of the methods includes: establishing a logic contract of a blockchain and one or more data contracts corresponding to the logic contract; deploying the logic contract and the one or more data contracts in the blockchain; storing data of a target block in the blockchain into the one or more data contracts; computing a hash value of each of the one or more data contracts; and determining a hash value of the target block in the blockchain based on the hash value of each of the one or more data contracts.

Abstract: A first certificate authority (CA) trust list comprising a plurality of CA identifiers is obtained by a first node of a blockchain network. A communication request comprising a public key certificate of the second node is received by the first node from a second node of the blockchain network. A first CA identifier is determined from the received public key certificate. A determination is made as to whether the first CA identifier matches one of the plurality of CA identifiers of the first CA trust list. In response to determining that the first CA identifier matches one of the plurality of CA identifiers of the first CA trust list, the communication request is approved by the first node. In response to determining that the first CA identifier does not match one of the plurality of CA identifiers of the first CA trust list, the communication request is denied.

Abstract: Techniques for providing a digital certificate management for blockchain technologies are described. One example method includes a transaction request including a digital certificate is received from a certificate authority at a node in a blockchain network, and the transaction request is a request to write the digital certificate into a blockchain associated with the blockchain network, and the digital certificate is issued to a node in the blockchain network. A consensus verification result is determined for the transaction request, and the consensus verification result is produced by nodes in the blockchain network. The consensus verification result is compared to a predetermined threshold value. In response to determining the consensus verification result is greater than or equal to the predetermined threshold value, the digital certificate is stored in the blockchain associated with the blockchain network.

Abstract: A first communication request including a digital certificate of a first node sent from the first node in a blockchain is received at a second node in the blockchain, where the digital certificate of the first node is stored in the blockchain. Certificate validity information stored in the blockchain and associated with the nodes in the blockchain is accessed by the second node based on the first communication request, where the certificate validity information reflects the validity status information of digital certificates of the nodes in the blockchain. A verification of whether the digital certificate of the first node is valid is performed by the second node based on the first communication request and the accessed certificate validity information. A communication connection to the first node is established by the second node in response to verifying that the digital certificate of the first node is valid.

Abstract: Implementations of the present disclosure provide techniques to improve security in blockchain networks. In some implementations, a linking request is received from a node. The node requests to be linked to a blockchain network. The linking request includes a digital code. One or more consensus verification messages are received from one or more blockchain nodes of the blockchain network. Each consensus verification message indicates whether a respective blockchain node approves or denies the linking request. A consensus verification result is determined based on the one or more consensus verification messages. In response to determining that the linking request is approved by the one or more blockchain nodes, the digital code is stored into the blockchain network as a digital certificate of the node.

Abstract: A subscription request initiated by a blockchain node associated with a first blockchain is received by a cross-blockchain interaction end, where the subscription request includes a subscription condition. A message that satisfies the subscription condition is obtained by the cross-blockchain interaction end and from a publishing client that corresponds to a second blockchain. The message is sent to a subscribing client that corresponds to the blockchain node a from the cross-blockchain interaction end, where the blockchain node calls a first smart contract associated with the first blockchain to trigger a corresponding contract operation based on the message.

Abstract: A data processing request is obtained containing blockchain data and an identifier used to identify a blockchain network to which the data processing request belongs. The identifier is extracted from the data processing request. Based on the identifier, corresponding processing logic associated with the data processing request is executed. The blockchain data is stored to a blockchain storage area corresponding to the identifier.

Abstract: A communication request sent by a second node in a blockchain network is received by a first node in the blockchain network. Whether the second node has a mapping relationship with the first node is determined by the first node. A communication connection to the second node is established by the first node in response to determining that the second node has a mapping relationship with the first node. Establishment of a communication connection to the second node is refused by the first node in response to determining that the second node does not have a mapping relationship with the first node.

Abstract: The present solution discloses example methods and systems for verifying block data. One example method includes identifying newly added data to be stored in a blockchain, and selecting a data node in a block to store the newly added data. A string is generated based on the newly added data, and then a verification value for the newly added data is developed from the string using a predetermined algorithm. A new verification value for the block is calculated based on the verification value of the newly added data and the original verification values of the unchanged data nodes in the block. The new verification value for the block can then be used to verify the data stored in the block is consistent with data stored in the rest of the blockchain.