Patents by Inventor Hongrui Wang

Hongrui Wang has filed for patents to protect the following inventions. This listing includes patent applications that are pending as well as patents that have already been granted by the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO).

  • Patent number: 11978578
    Abstract: Radio frequency filtering circuitry blocks certain frequencies in an outgoing signal so that the signal may be transmitted over a desired frequency. The radio frequency filtering circuitry includes a first inductor having a first coil and a second inductor coupled to and disposed within the first coil. The second inductor has a second coil and a third coil symmetrical to the second coil. When current is applied to the radio frequency filtering circuitry, the current in the second coil causes a first induced current in the first coil and the current in the third coil causes a second induced current in the first coil, wherein the second induced current is approximately equal in magnitude and opposite in direction to the first induced current. As such, the second induced current may compensate for the first induced current.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 31, 2022
    Date of Patent: May 7, 2024
    Assignee: Apple Inc.
    Inventors: Hongrui Wang, Saihua Lin, Abbas Komijani, Sohrab Emami-Neyestanak
  • Publication number: 20240126356
    Abstract: The present application discloses a power supply redundancy control system for a GPU server, comprising a power supply redundancy module, a BMC, a CPLD and a GPU module. The power supply redundancy module comprises a first PSU and a second PSU, and the GPU module comprises several GPUs, the first PSU is connected to the CPLD by means of a first bus. The second PSU is connected to the CPLD by means of a second bus. The BMC is connected to the CPLD by means of a first I2C bus and a second I2C bus, and sends heartbeat information to the CPLD. The CPLD is connected to the BMC by means of a third bus and a fourth bus, and the CPLD is connected to the several GPUs by means of a third I2C bus. In the present application, when the BMC is abnormalous or restarted, the CPLD can control the overall power consumption of the server, and can also ensure that the server will not go down, reducing the loss brought to a user due to the BMC being abnormalous or restarted.
    Type: Application
    Filed: January 28, 2022
    Publication date: April 18, 2024
    Inventors: Yue ZHANG, Hongrui HAN, Suhua WANG, Yu LIU
  • Patent number: 11955979
    Abstract: An electronic device may include wireless circuitry having mixer circuitry configured to receive oscillator signals from a partial-fractional phase-locked loop (PLL). The partial-fractional PLL may include a phase frequency detector, a charge pump, a loop filter, and a frequency divider connected in a loop. To implement the partial-fractional capability of the PLL, the frequency divider may receive a bitstream from a first order sigma delta modulator and a finite impulse response filter. The first order sigma delta modulator may output a periodic non-randomized output. The finite impulse response filter may increase the frequency of toggling of the periodic non-randomized output. Configured and operated in this way, the partial-fractional PLL can exhibit reduced phase noise.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 8, 2022
    Date of Patent: April 9, 2024
    Inventors: Reetika K Agarwal, Abbas Komijani, Hongrui Wang
  • Patent number: 11955796
    Abstract: An output circuit included in an integrated circuit may employ multiple protection circuits to protect driver devices from damage during an electrostatic discharge event. One protection circuit clamps a signal port to a ground supply node upon detection of the electrostatic discharge event. Another protection circuit increases the voltage level of a control terminal to one of the driver devices during the electrostatic discharge event to reduce the voltage across the driver device and prevent damage to the device.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 29, 2022
    Date of Patent: April 9, 2024
    Assignee: Apple Inc.
    Inventors: Junjun Li, Abbas Komijani, Hongrui Wang
  • Patent number: 11909355
    Abstract: To prevent an undesired operating mode of voltage-controlled oscillation (VCO) circuitry from dominating a desired operating mode (e.g., an in-phase operating mode or an out-of-phase operating mode), a supply reset and ramp pulse may be provided to the VCO circuitry when switching to a new mode, such that supply voltage to the VCO circuitry is reset (e.g., set to 0 V or another reference voltage), and gradually increased or ramped up back to a steady-state voltage (e.g., used to maintain a mode) within a time duration. Additionally or alternatively, a switch control bootstrap pulse may be provided to the VCO circuitry that is bootstrapped to (e.g., applied instantaneously or concurrently with) switching the VCO circuitry to the new mode. After a time duration, the VCO circuitry may switch back to a steady-state voltage (e.g., used to maintain the new mode).
    Type: Grant
    Filed: September 12, 2022
    Date of Patent: February 20, 2024
    Assignee: Apple Inc.
    Inventors: Hongrui Wang, Abbas Komijani
  • Publication number: 20240048105
    Abstract: The present disclosure relates to systems and methods for operating transceiver circuitry to transmit or receive signals on various frequency ranges. To do so, a transmitter or a receiver of the transceiver circuitry is selectively coupled to or uncoupled from an antenna of the transceiver circuitry. Additionally, radio frequency filters may be individually or collectively coupled to and/or uncoupled from the antenna to filter different frequencies in the transmitting or receiving signals.
    Type: Application
    Filed: October 11, 2023
    Publication date: February 8, 2024
    Inventors: Saihua Lin, Hongrui Wang, Sohrab Emami-Neyestanak
  • Patent number: 11894866
    Abstract: Embodiments presented herein provide apparatus and techniques to reduce a direct current (DC) voltage offset between a transmitter and receiver. Embodiments include a shared reference voltage signal generated by a reference voltage source. The receiver may include a first unit gain buffer to receive a reference voltage signal from the reference voltage source. The transmitter may be communicatively coupled to the receiver via one or more connections and may include a second unit gain buffer communicatively coupled to the first unit gain buffer via one of the connections. An amplifier (e.g., an operation amplifier) of the transmitter may include multiple positive inputs coupled to the second unit gain buffer and an offset tracker. The offset tracker may compensate for a DC offset caused by at least a power supply and/or a ground bounce.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 9, 2022
    Date of Patent: February 6, 2024
    Assignee: Apple Inc.
    Inventors: Hongrui Wang, Abbas Komijani, Xinhua Chen
  • Publication number: 20240039564
    Abstract: Embodiments presented herein provide apparatus and techniques to reduce a direct current (DC) voltage offset between a transmitter and receiver. Embodiments include a shared reference voltage signal generated by a reference voltage source. The receiver may include a first unit gain buffer to receive a reference voltage signal from the reference voltage source. The transmitter may be communicatively coupled to the receiver via one or more connections and may include a second unit gain buffer communicatively coupled to the first unit gain buffer via one of the connections. An amplifier (e.g., an operation amplifier) of the transmitter may include multiple positive inputs coupled to the second unit gain buffer and an offset tracker. The offset tracker may compensate for a DC offset caused by at least a power supply and/or a ground bounce.
    Type: Application
    Filed: October 10, 2023
    Publication date: February 1, 2024
    Inventors: Hongrui Wang, Abbas Komijani, Xinhua Chen
  • Patent number: 11881715
    Abstract: An electronic device may include wireless circuitry having a transformer adjustable between first, second, and third modes. The transformer may have first, second, third, and fourth inductors. The third inductor may be magnetically coupled to the first and second inductors with equal coupling constants. The fourth inductor may be magnetically coupled to the first and second inductors with inverse coupling constants. First and second adjustable capacitors coupled to the third and fourth inductors may receive control signals that place the transformer into a selected one of the first, second, or third modes. In the first mode the transformer exhibits a passband that overlaps first and second bands. In the second mode, the transformer passes signals in the second band while filtering interference in the first band. In the third mode, the transformer passes signals in the first band while filtering interference in the second band.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: May 23, 2022
    Date of Patent: January 23, 2024
    Assignee: Apple Inc.
    Inventors: Hongrui Wang, Abbas Komijani
  • Publication number: 20240022209
    Abstract: An electronic device may include a transceiver with mixer circuitry that up-converts or down-converts signals based on a voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) signal. The transceiver circuitry may include first, second, third, and fourth VCOs. Each VCO may include a VCO core that receives a control voltage and an inductor coupled to the VCO core. Fixed linear capacitors may be coupled between the VCO cores. A switching network may be coupled between the VCOs. Control circuitry may place the VCO circuitry in one of four different operating modes and may switch between the operating modes to selectively control current direction in each of the inductors. The VCO circuitry may generate the VCO signal within a respective frequency range in each of the operating modes. The VCO circuitry may exhibit a relatively wide frequency range across all of the operating modes while introducing minimal phase noise to the system.
    Type: Application
    Filed: July 26, 2023
    Publication date: January 18, 2024
    Inventors: Abbas Komijani, Hongrui Wang, Sohrab Emami-Neyestanak
  • Publication number: 20230403014
    Abstract: An electronic device may include wireless circuitry having mixer circuitry configured to receive oscillator signals from a partial-fractional phase-locked loop (PLL). The partial-fractional PLL may include a phase frequency detector, a charge pump, a loop filter, and a frequency divider connected in a loop. To implement the partial-fractional capability of the PLL, the frequency divider may receive a bitstream from a first order sigma delta modulator and a finite impulse response filter. The first order sigma delta modulator may output a periodic non-randomized output. The finite impulse response filter may increase the frequency of toggling of the periodic non-randomized output. Configured and operated in this way, the partial-fractional PLL can exhibit reduced phase noise.
    Type: Application
    Filed: August 9, 2023
    Publication date: December 14, 2023
    Inventors: Reetika K. Agarwal, Abbas Komijani, Hongrui Wang
  • Publication number: 20230403013
    Abstract: An electronic device may include wireless circuitry having mixer circuitry configured to receive oscillator signals from a partial-fractional phase-locked loop (PLL). The partial-fractional PLL may include a phase frequency detector, a charge pump, a loop filter, and a frequency divider connected in a loop. To implement the partial-fractional capability of the PLL, the frequency divider may receive a bitstream from a first order sigma delta modulator and a finite impulse response filter. The first order sigma delta modulator may output a periodic non-randomized output. The finite impulse response filter may increase the frequency of toggling of the periodic non-randomized output. Configured and operated in this way, the partial-fractional PLL can exhibit reduced phase noise.
    Type: Application
    Filed: June 8, 2022
    Publication date: December 14, 2023
    Inventors: Reetika K Agarwal, Abbas Komijani, Hongrui Wang
  • Publication number: 20230378808
    Abstract: An electronic device may include wireless circuitry having a transformer adjustable between first, second, and third modes. The transformer may have first, second, third, and fourth inductors. The third inductor may be magnetically coupled to the first and second inductors with equal coupling constants. The fourth inductor may be magnetically coupled to the first and second inductors with inverse coupling constants. First and second adjustable capacitors coupled to the third and fourth inductors may receive control signals that place the transformer into a selected one of the first, second, or third modes. In the first mode the transformer exhibits a passband that overlaps first and second bands. In the second mode, the transformer passes signals in the second band while filtering interference in the first band. In the third mode, the transformer passes signals in the first band while filtering interference in the second band.
    Type: Application
    Filed: May 23, 2022
    Publication date: November 23, 2023
    Inventors: Hongrui Wang, Abbas Komijani
  • Patent number: 11824593
    Abstract: An electronic device may include a harmonic rejection mixer with a delay line, mixer array, and load. The delay line may generate LO phases. Each mixer in the array may have a first input that receives an LO phase and a second input coupled to an input switch and the first input of the next mixer circuit through an inter-mixer switch. The load may include a set of switches. In a transmit mode, the input switches and set of switches may be closed while the inter-mixer switches are open. In a self-calibration mode, the input switches and set of switches may be open while the inter-mixer switches are closed. A controller may sweep through phase codes for the programmable delay line while storing a digital output from the load. The controller may calibrate the phase code based on the digital output.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: September 9, 2022
    Date of Patent: November 21, 2023
    Assignee: Apple Inc.
    Inventors: Hongrui Wang, Abbas Komijani, Saihua Lin, Sohrab Emami-Neyestanak
  • Patent number: 11824498
    Abstract: Voltage-controlled oscillation circuitry includes multiple cores and multiple mode or gain boosters coupled between the multiple cores. To prevent an undesired operating mode of the voltage-controlled oscillation circuitry from dominating a desired operating mode (e.g., an in-phase operating mode or an out-of-phase operating mode), the mode boosters may increase a desired gain of the desired operating mode and decrease an undesired gain of the undesired operating modes. In particular, mode boosters coupled to terminals of the cores that are associated with the desired operating mode may be enabled, while mode boosters coupled to terminals of the cores that are associated with the undesired operating mode may be disabled.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 27, 2022
    Date of Patent: November 21, 2023
    Assignee: Apple Inc.
    Inventors: Hongrui Wang, Abbas Komijani
  • Patent number: 11817823
    Abstract: To prevent an undesired operating mode of voltage-controlled oscillation (VCO) circuitry from dominating a desired operating mode (e.g., an in-phase operating mode or an out-of-phase operating mode), a supply reset and ramp pulse may be provided to the VCO circuitry when switching to a new mode, such that supply voltage to the VCO circuitry is reset (e.g., set to 0 V or another reference voltage), and gradually increased or ramped up back to a steady-state voltage (e.g., used to maintain a mode) within a time duration. Additionally or alternatively, a switch control bootstrap pulse may be provided to the VCO circuitry that is bootstrapped to (e.g., applied instantaneously or concurrently with) switching the VCO circuitry to the new mode. After a time duration, the VCO circuitry may switch back to a steady-state voltage (e.g., used to maintain the new mode).
    Type: Grant
    Filed: May 19, 2022
    Date of Patent: November 14, 2023
    Assignee: Apple Inc.
    Inventors: Hongrui Wang, Abbas Komijani
  • Publication number: 20230352932
    Abstract: An output circuit included in an integrated circuit may employ multiple protection circuits to protect driver devices from damage during an electrostatic discharge event. One protection circuit clamps a signal port to a ground supply node upon detection of the electrostatic discharge event. Another protection circuit increases the voltage level of a control terminal to one of the driver devices during the electrostatic discharge event to reduce the voltage across the driver device and prevent damage to the device.
    Type: Application
    Filed: April 29, 2022
    Publication date: November 2, 2023
    Inventors: Junjun Li, Abbas Komijani, Hongrui Wang
  • Patent number: 11799429
    Abstract: The present disclosure relates to systems and methods for operating transceiver circuitry to transmit or receive signals on various frequency ranges. To do so, a transmitter or a receiver of the transceiver circuitry is selectively coupled to or uncoupled from an antenna of the transceiver circuitry. Additionally, radio frequency filters may be individually or collectively coupled to and/or uncoupled from the antenna to filter different frequencies in the transmitting or receiving signals.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: September 21, 2021
    Date of Patent: October 24, 2023
    Assignee: Apple Inc.
    Inventors: Saihua Lin, Hongrui Wang, Sohrab Emami-Neyestanak
  • Publication number: 20230291421
    Abstract: Embodiments presented herein provide apparatus and techniques to reduce a direct current (DC) voltage offset between a transmitter and receiver. Embodiments include a shared reference voltage signal generated by a reference voltage source. The receiver may include a first unit gain buffer to receive a reference voltage signal from the reference voltage source. The transmitter may be communicatively coupled to the receiver via one or more connections and may include a second unit gain buffer communicatively coupled to the first unit gain buffer via one of the connections. An amplifier (e.g., an operation amplifier) of the transmitter may include multiple positive inputs coupled to the second unit gain buffer and an offset tracker. The offset tracker may compensate for a DC offset caused by at least a power supply and/or a ground bounce.
    Type: Application
    Filed: March 9, 2022
    Publication date: September 14, 2023
    Inventors: Hongrui Wang, Abbas Komijani, Xinhua Chen
  • Publication number: 20230291422
    Abstract: Embodiments presented herein provide apparatus and techniques to reduce a direct current (DC) voltage offset between a transmitter and receiver. Embodiments include a shared reference voltage signal generated by a reference voltage source. The receiver may include a first unit gain buffer to receive a reference voltage signal from the reference voltage source. The transmitter may be communicatively coupled to the receiver via one or more connections and may include a second unit gain buffer communicatively coupled to the first unit gain buffer via one of the connections. An amplifier (e.g., an operation amplifier) of the transmitter may include multiple positive inputs coupled to the second unit gain buffer and an offset tracker. The offset tracker may compensate for a DC offset caused by at least a power supply and/or a ground bounce.
    Type: Application
    Filed: September 21, 2022
    Publication date: September 14, 2023
    Inventors: Hongrui Wang, Abbas Komijani, Xinhua Chen