Abstract: System and methods for optimizing flow distribution across multiple production zones are provided. A flow distribution is assigned to a plurality of production zones along a wellbore within a formation. A temperature value is estimated for each of the production zones, based on the assigned flow distribution. The estimated temperature value is compared with an actual temperature value determined for each production zone. An error amount for the estimated temperature value is calculated based on the comparison. Based on the error amount, it is determined whether or not the flow distribution has reached a global optimum. The assigning, the estimating, the comparing, the calculating, and the determining are repeated until it is determined that the flow distribution assigned to the plurality of production zones has reached the global optimum.

Abstract: A method for using the time derivative of distributed temperature sensing (DTS) data obtained during hydraulic fracturing to identify fluid activities not as evident in conventional DTS date inside or near the wellbore during the hydraulic fracturing process comprises providing a fiber optic based distributed temperature sensing measurement system through a production region; gathering the temperatures through the production region as a function of the depth in the subsurface well and as a function of the elapsed time; calculating from the gathered data the time derivative of the temperature changes as a function of depth in the subsurface well and of the elapsed time; and displaying the time derivative data for analysis of the fluid activities inside or near the wellbore during the hydraulic fracturing process to identify fluid activities inside or near the wellbore.

Abstract: Given a number of temperature measurements, such as from a Distributed Temperature Sensing System (DTS), at various depths in a wellbore, a derivative of temperature with respect to depth can be calculated. A fluid boundary can then be identified where the depths below the boundary corresponds to the presence of fluid and a low fluctuation regime in the derivative of temperature with respect to depth, and the depths above the boundary correspond to the absence of fluid and a high fluctuation regime in the derivative of temperature with respect to depth.

Abstract: A method for using the depth derivative of distributed temperature sensing data to identify fluid levels, gas production intervals, water production intervals, and other fluid flow activities inside or near the well-bore during the production process. The method may include providing a fiber optic based distributed temperature sensing measurement system through a production region. Temperatures through the production region are gathered as a function of the depth in the subsurface well and as a function of the elapsed time. The gathered data is utilized to calculate the depth derivative of the temperature changes as a function of depth in the subsurface well and of the elapsed time. The depth derivative data for analysis of the fluid levels are displayed by operators to identify fluid levels, gas production intervals, water production intervals, and other fluid flow activities inside or near the wellbore during the production process.

Abstract: System and methods for optimizing flow distribution across multiple production zones are provided. A flow distribution is assigned to a plurality of production zones along a wellbore within a formation. A temperature value is estimated for each of the production zones, based on the assigned flow distribution. The estimated temperature value is compared with an actual temperature value determined for each production zone. An error amount for the estimated temperature value is calculated based on the comparison. Based on the error amount, it is determined whether or not the flow distribution has reached a global optimum. The assigning, the estimating, the comparing, the calculating, and the determining are repeated until it is determined that the flow distribution assigned to the plurality of production zones has reached the global optimum.

Abstract: A method for using the depth derivative of distributed temperature sensing data to identify fluid levels, gas production intervals, water production intervals, and other fluid flow activities inside or near the well-bore during the production process comprises providing a fiber optic based distributed temperature sensing measurement system through a production region; gathering the temperatures through the production region as a function of the depth in the subsurface well and as a function of the elapsed time; calculating from the gathered data the depth derivative of the temperature changes as a function of depth in the subsurface well and of the elapsed time; and displaying the depth derivative data for analysis of the fluid levels by operators to identify fluid levels, gas production intervals, water production intervals, and other fluid flow activities inside or near the wellbore during the production process.

Abstract: A method for using the depth derivative of distributed temperature sensing data to identify fluid levels as a tool of downhole pressure control comprises providing a fiber optic based distributed temperature sensing measurement system through a production region; gathering the temperatures through the production region as a function of the depth in the subsurface well and as a function of the elapsed time; calculating from the gathered data the depth derivative of the temperature changes as a function of depth in the subsurface well and of the elapsed time; and displaying the depth derivative data for analysis of the fluid levels to identify fluid levels.

Abstract: A method for using the time derivative and depth derivative of distributed temperature sensing data to evaluate data quality and resolution of DTS data obtained from subsurface wells comprises providing a fiber optic based distributed temperature sensing measurement system through a production region; gathering the temperatures through the production region as a function of the depth in the subsurface well and as a function of the elapsed time; calculating from the gathered data the time derivative of the temperature changes as a function of depth in the subsurface well and of the elapsed time; calculating from the gathered data the depth derivative of the temperature changes as a function of depth in the subsurface well and of the elapsed time; displaying the time derivative data for analysis of the data quality of the DTS data by operators; and displaying the depth derivative data for analysis of the resolution of the DTS data by operators.

Abstract: A method for using the time derivative of distributed temperature sensing (DTS) data obtained during hydraulic fracturing to identify fluid activities not as evident in conventional DTS date inside or near the wellbore during the hydraulic fracturing process comprises providing a fiber optic based distributed temperature sensing measurement system through a production region; gathering the temperatures through the production region as a function of the depth in the subsurface well and as a function of the elapsed time; calculating from the gathered data the time derivative of the temperature changes as a function of depth in the sub-surface well and of the elapsed time; and displaying the time derivative data for analysis of the fluid activities inside or near the wellbore during the hydraulic fracturing process to identify fluid activities inside or near the wellbore.

Abstract: A method for using the depth derivative of distributed temperature sensing data to identify initiation points near wellbores created by hydraulic fracturing comprises providing a fiber optic based distributed temperature sensing measurement system through a production region; gathering the temperatures through the production region as a function of the depth in the sub-surface well and as a function of the elapsed time; calculating from the gathered data the depth derivative of the temperature changes as a function of depth in the subsurface well and of the elapsed time; and displaying the depth derivative data for analysis of initiation points near wellbores created by hydraulic fracturing.

Abstract: A method is presented for using the time derivative of distributed temperature sensing data to monitor and analyze cement critical temperature Time derivative of DTS in depth and time scale changes during the cementing process in subsurface wells.