Abstract: This application provides a device identification method, an apparatus, and a system. The method includes: A terminal device receives a first signal from an access network device. The terminal device inputs the first signal into an artificial intelligence model, where the artificial intelligence model is used to identify a radio frequency fingerprint of the input signal and output an identification result corresponding to the radio frequency fingerprint. The terminal device determines, based on the identification result output by the artificial intelligence model, whether the access network device is a legitimate device or an illegitimate device.

Abstract: This application relates to communication technologies, and provides a channel key-based encryption method and an apparatus, to resolve a problem that a terminal cannot avoid an attack from a false base station before a security mode is enabled, and a security risk. The method includes: A network device broadcasts a system information block, indicating that channel key generation is supported, where the system information block includes a preamble and a resource configuration of a physical random access channel; receives, on the physical random access channel, a first message from a user equipment, where the first message includes the preamble; sends a second message to the user equipment, where the second message includes configuration information of a first time-frequency resource; receives, on the first time-frequency resource, a third message from the user equipment; and performs channel measurement based on the third message, to obtain a channel key.

Abstract: This application pertains to the field of communication technologies, and provides a communication method and apparatus, to implement false base station detection. A false base station may attack a terminal in a denial of service manner, and consequently, the terminal cannot access the false base station after selecting the false base station, in other words, the terminal fails to set up a connection to a cell. In this case, if a first message indicates that a first terminal fails to set up a connection to a cell, it may be determined, based on the first message, that a false base station attack exists in the cell, to implement false base station detection.

Abstract: Embodiments of this disclosure provide a paging method and an associated communication apparatus, medium, and chip. According to embodiments of this disclosure, an access network device sends information including an address of the access network device and an identifier of a terminal device to a core network device. The core network device determines an area for paging based on the address of the access network device, and sends a paging message including the identifier of the terminal device to the access network device. The access network device sends a radio access network paging message to the terminal device. In this manner, the area in which paging needs to be performed by the core network device can be reduced, thereby avoiding a waste of unnecessary paging resources.

Abstract: A communication method includes determining, by an access network device, that first information from a terminal device is not received in a first bandwidth part (BWP). The first BWP is an active BWP for the terminal device. The first BWP does not include common search space (CSS) used to transmit a system information block (SIB). The first information is associated with a system information update. The communication method also includes sending, by the access network device, updated system information to the terminal device in the first BWP in response to determining that the first information is not received.

Abstract: This application discloses a communication method and a communication apparatus. The method includes: A first access network device receives paging capability information from a core network device or a second access network device, determines a paging area based on the paging capability information, and sends a paging message to a terminal device in the determined paging area. The paging capability information indicates one or more of the following capabilities: a maximum transmit power supported by the terminal device on a first frequency band; a bandwidth configuration supported by the terminal device; whether the terminal device supports a frequency offset of 7.5 kHz; a type of the terminal device; or a number of Rx chains supported by the terminal device. In other words, the paging capability information indicates a plurality of paging capabilities of the terminal device.

Abstract: This application provides a communication method and apparatus, to improve communication security. The method includes: receiving first system information from a network device, where the first system information includes a first signature; determining a first digest based on the first signature; determining a second digest based on the first system information; and if the first digest matches the second digest, storing or applying the first system information. In embodiments of this application, a signature is carried in a field of system information, so that both a terminal device that supports the signature and a terminal device that does not support the signature can complete decoding of the system information. Specifically, the terminal device that supports the signature may perform verification by using a signature obtained through decoding.

Abstract: Examples of message transmission methods and apparatus are described. In one example, a message transmission method includes that a first network device receives a first message from a terminal device, where the first message includes a resume cause value and an integrity check code. The integrity check code is generated based on the resume cause value, the terminal device is in an inactive state, and the resume cause value is a resume cause indicated by a higher layer or a radio resource control (RRC) layer. The first network device sends a second message to a second network device, where the second message includes the resume cause value and the integrity check code. The second network device is a network device that stores a context of the terminal device.

Abstract: An amplifier device may include an amplifier transistor and having harmonic termination circuitry and an output impedance network, such as an output T network, coupled to the output of the amplifier transistor. The amplifier device may be configured as an inverted F class amplifier having an operational frequency range with a center frequency of less than or equal to around 2.6 GHz. The harmonic termination circuitry and output impedance network may be configured to create a short circuit or near short circuit at the amplifier transistor output for third harmonic frequencies of the center frequency of the amplifier transistor and to create an open circuit or near open circuit at the amplifier transistor output for second harmonic frequencies of the center frequency. The output impedance network may be configured to increase the output impedance at the center frequency and reduce signal loss for the amplifier device.

Abstract: A communication method and apparatus are provided. The method includes: A first node determines a sending time point of a second PDCP PDU based on first sending status information from a second node, where the first sending status information is associated with a first PDCP PDU, so that the first node can adjust the sending time point of the second PDCP PDU based on a sending situation of the first PDCP PDU, to avoid too many packet losses caused when a MAC PDU of the second PDCP PDU is not completely sent in a timely manner due to splitting and concatenation, so as to improve reliability of a synchronous data transmission mechanism in an NR system, and improve resource utilization.

Abstract: A terminal device determines that local first system information is abnormal in the case of any of the following: a quantity of times of sending first signaling is greater than or equal to a first preset threshold within first preset duration; a time length in which a first service is unavailable is greater than or equal to a second preset threshold; a change trend of a tag value of a same system information block is abnormal; or a quantity of changes in a tag value of a same system information block is greater than or equal to a third preset threshold within second preset duration. The terminal device receives, from an access network device, second system information that is used to update the local first system information. Therefore, the terminal device can determine as soon as possible whether the terminal device is being attacked by a rogue base station.

Abstract: A communication method and a communication apparatus. In the method, a terminal device can obtain first resource information according to a preset rule or from a network device, where the first resource information includes at least one of frequency domain position information, a cyclic prefix, or a subcarrier spacing; and receive a multicast broadcast service in a radio access control (RRC) idle state or an RRC inactive state based on the first resource information. According to the method, a resource used when the terminal device receives the multicast broadcast service in the RRC idle state or the RRC inactive state can be determined, so that the terminal device can receive the multicast broadcast service in the RRC idle state or the RRC inactive state.

Abstract: A paging method includes: determining, by an access network device or a core network device, a paging cycle based on type information of a terminal, and sending first information based on the paging cycle, where the first information is used to page the terminal. The paging cycle is determined as 2.56 s according to the type information indicating that the terminal is REDCAP UE, so that the REDCAP UE can perform monitoring in the paging cycle of 2.56 s, receive emergency broadcast in time, and obtain energy saving gains. In some situations, a paging method includes receiving first information comprising information of a paging cycle for a terminal, and determining, according to type information of a camped cell on which the terminal is currently camped, whether to use PTW in monitoring paging in accordance with the first information.

Abstract: A communication method and apparatus are disclosed. The method includes determining a first paging hyperframe (PH) based on a first extended discontinuous reception (eDRX) cycle, and determining a second PH based on a second eDRX cycle, where the first PH includes a first paging time window (PTW), and the second PH includes a second PTW; and monitoring a paging occasion (PO) in the first PTW and the second PTW, where if the first PH and the second PH are a same PH, a start position of the first PTW in the first PH is determined based on the first eDRX cycle and an offset.

Abstract: System information block transmission methods and communication apparatus are provided to resolve a problem that a terminal device cannot receive, on an active bandwidth part, a system information block broadcast by a network device. A network device sends a system information block to a terminal device through a first bandwidth part. When determining that a first moment satisfies a preset condition, the network device sends the system information block to the terminal device through a second bandwidth part, where the system information block is included in first dedicated signaling, and configuration information for sending the system information block by the network device is not configured on the second bandwidth part.

Abstract: An artificial intelligence-based networking method for fog radio access networks, which includes: a central computing logic module receives reported data which includes measurement report data from user terminals, wireless transmission data from base stations, and operation and maintenance data from a radio access network. Based on these reported data and proper machine learning algorithms, the central computing logic module configures an operating mode of a radio access network that matches user behavior, service attributes, and radio access network performance indicators. According to the operating mode, an edge computing logic module determines whether to optimize a current configuration of an edge communication entity and allocation of radio resources, computing resources, and caching resources. With proper machine learning algorithms, the proposed networking method meets various service requirements.

Abstract: An artificial intelligence-based networking method for fog radio access networks, which includes: a central computing logic module receives reported data which includes measurement report data from user terminals, wireless transmission data from base stations, and operation and maintenance data from a radio access network. Based on these reported data and proper machine learning algorithms, the central computing logic module configures an operating mode of a radio access network that matches user behavior, service attributes, and radio access network performance indicators. According to the operating mode, an edge computing logic module determines whether to optimize a current configuration of an edge communication entity and allocation of radio resources, computing resources, and caching resources. With proper machine learning algorithms, the proposed networking method meets various service requirements.