Abstract: The invention relates to a coreless linear motor and a method for manufacturing the same. The armature according to the invention comprises: an armature winding having at least one unit coil row which is formed by overlapping a plurality of coil rows; and a molded portion which surrounds the armature winding; wherein each coil row has a first coil portion and a second coil portion which have opposite winding directions; and wherein the plurality of coil rows which forms one unit coil row are overlapped such that the first coil portions are arranged in order and the second coil portions are arranged in order. Accordingly, the coil rows overlapped inside allow higher output with the same size.

Abstract: A mobile terminal and a method of controlling the mobile terminal are disclosed. According to the embodiment of the present invention, when a touching event for a touch input to a touch screen is generated, a writing sound source corresponding to the generated touching event is selected from a memory, and a feedback sound is output in real time, that is generated by changing a sound property of the writing sound source that is selected according to a pressure of a touch applied to the touch screen and a moving speed of the touch. This enables the user to feel as if he/she performed the writing input in the actual analog environment, and provides the use with a yearning for the analog environment and a pleasure to experience it.

Abstract: There are provided a camera module driver and a camera module including the same. The camera module driver includes: a driving unit driving a lens; and a memory unit storing an operation setting value of the driving unit, wherein the driving unit includes a register sensing application of power to perform a reset operation of changing arbitrarily distributed data into preset default data, and the driving unit and the memory unit are formed in a single integrated circuit.

Abstract: Exemplary embodiments of the present invention provide a substrate recycling method and a recycled substrate. The method includes separating a substrate having a first surface from an epitaxial layer, performing a first etching of the first surface using electrochemical etching, and performing, after the first etching, a second etching of the first surface using chemical etching, dry etching, or performing, after the first etching, chemical mechanical polishing of the first surface.

Abstract: A camera module including a housing; a lens barrel having a lens and reciprocating in the housing; a magnetic member coupled with the lens barrel; an electromagnetic member coupled with the housing and generating a magnetic field so that the lens barrel moves along an optical axis; and a Hall sensor in the housing and detecting a change in magnetic field according to a position of the magnetic member before electric power is outputted to the electromagnetic member. A control unit sets a current position of the magnetic member as a first target position, setting an initial position for driving auto focusing as a second target position, aligning the lens barrel to the first target position by controlling electric power supplied to the electromagnetic member, and then moving the lens barrel to the second target position by supplying electric power to the electromagnetic member.

Abstract: There is provided a lens actuator, including: a lens barrel in which at least one lens is provided on an optical axis; a magnetic part provided on one surface of the lens barrel; and a printed circuit board in which a coil pattern part generating electromagnetic force is provided, the printed circuit board having one surface facing the magnetic part, wherein magnetic material is provided on the other surface of the printed circuit board.

Abstract: A shock absorber for a bump stopper includes a plurality of corrugated projection 12 and corrugated groove 13 which is formed in equal interval around outside of an elastic synthetic resin body 11 having a thickness of 1.5 mm˜5 mm; a locking member 14 formed to mount the shock absorber on the top of the body 11; a through hole 15 formed inside the locking member 14; a leading hole 17 formed to lead cylinder lot L in the central part of a shock absorbing plate 16 forming the lower side of the body 11; a wedge hanging projection 14a formed in the locking member 14 of the body; and an O-ring shock absorbing member T to ease the impact applied to a bent part R in contraction of a body 11, in a “<” or “>”-type bent part R.

Abstract: There are provided an apparatus and a method for driving a voice coil motor (VCM), the apparatus including an instruction signal generating unit generating an instruction signal according to a digital signal generated from an input signal, and a driving unit driving the voice coil motor (VCM) by selecting a path for a driving current applied to the voice coil motor (VCM) according to the digital signal and controlling a duty of the driving current according to the instruction signal.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a camera module in which a movement of a magnet is controlled by only magnetic force between the magnet and a yoke without a spring for controlling the movement of the magnet which operates up and down. The camera module includes: a lens module; and a main frame supporting the lens module and allowing the lens module to be driven in an optical axis direction, wherein the lens module includes: a lens assembly including a plurality of lenses; and a magnet fixed to one side of the lens module, and the main frame includes: a coil facing the magnet, fixed to one side within the main frame, and generating an electric field as power is applied thereto; and a yoke disposed to face the magnet with the main frame and the coil interposed therebetween and controlling driving of the lens module by attraction with the magnet.

Abstract: A storage medium which stores catalog information and a catalog information recording and/or playback apparatus and method therefor. Using the method, catalog information including a still picture and additional information together with audio data are recorded on a storage medium such as a digital versatile disk (DVD), which is an optical record storage medium, and the catalog information is played back during playback of the audio data, to thereby provide various information on the audio data. Also, the apparatus includes a buffer memory for catalog playback which maintains a predetermined standard and compatibility, and is capable of real-time reading during playback of the audio data, and automatically plays back the catalog content, corresponding to the playback state of the audio data, when there is no additional selection of a user.

Abstract: A lossless encoding and/or decoding apparatus which encodes audio data on a real-time basis includes a lossless compression unit which losslessly compression encodes the audio data stored in an input buffer in units of predetermined data and outputs the encoded data in sequence, and an output buffer which stores the encoded audio data output from the lossless compression unit. A bitrate controller divides a plurality of the encoded audio data stored in the output buffer into first data having a data amount exceeding the maximum bitrate and second data having a data amount less than the maximum bitrate, divides the first data into third data being the encoded audio data having a data amount of the maximum bitrate and fourth data being the encoded data of the portion exceeding the maximum bitrate, and controls the output buffer so that the fourth data is output together with the second data.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of detecting a candidate vector and a method of detecting a transmission symbol using the same. According to an embodiment of the present invention, in a multiple input multiple output (MIMO) system using spatial multiplexing (SM), a receiver selects candidate vectors corresponding to a layer located at a last row among a plurality of rearranged layers, and sequentially ranks constellation dots of a next layer for each of the selected candidate vectors. Then, a plurality of arbitrary constellation dots are selected from the ranked constellation dots, accumulated costs of the arbitrary constellation dots are calculated, and a candidate vector is selected in correspondence with a constellation dot having a minimal accumulated cost.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of calculating a log-likelihood ratio and a method of detecting a transmission signal. According to the present invention, when a transmission symbol candidate vector is detected on the basis of a received signal, a threshold value and an ML metric of each transmission symbol candidate vector are calculated and the ML metric that is larger than the threshold value is updated by the threshold value. Further, a log-likelihood ratio of the transmission signal bit is calculated using the updated ML metric and the threshold value, and a transmission signal is detected using the log-likelihood ratio.

Abstract: A lossless encoding and/or decoding apparatus which encodes audio data on a real-time basis includes a lossless compression unit which losslessly compression encodes the audio data stored in an input buffer in units of predetermined data and outputs the encoded data in sequence, and an output buffer which stores the encoded audio data output from the lossless compression unit. A bitrate controller divides a plurality of the encoded audio data stored in the output buffer into first data having a data amount exceeding the maximum bitrate and second data having a data amount less than the maximum bitrate, divides the first data into third data being the encoded audio data having a data amount of the maximum bitrate and fourth data being the encoded data of the portion exceeding the maximum bitrate, and controls the output buffer so that the fourth data is output together with the second data.

Abstract: A lossless encoding and/or decoding apparatus which encodes audio data on a real-time basis includes a lossless compression unit which losslessly compression encodes the audio data stored in an input buffer in units of predetermined data and outputs the encoded data in sequence, and an output buffer which stores the encoded audio data output from the lossless compression unit. A bitrate controller divides a plurality of the encoded audio data stored in the output buffer into first data having a data amount exceeding the maximum bitrate and second data having a data amount less than the maximum bitrate, divides the first data into third data being the encoded audio data having a data amount of the maximum bitrate and fourth data being the encoded data of the portion exceeding the maximum bitrate, and controls the output buffer so that the fourth data is output together with the second data.

Abstract: A composite heater apparatus for vehicles uses integrated tube which is partitioned from a coolant heater core tube part, in which coolant circulates, and an oil cooler tube part, in which engine oil circulates, and includes heat exchanging fin which is in contact with both the coolant heater core tube part and the oil cooler tube part to perform a heat exchanging process. Each header, which is coupled to each of opposite ends of the core tube, is partitioned from coolant circulation space and oil circulation space, via a partition walls. The partition wall includes a surface enlarging member to increase heat exchanging performance using heat conduction. When a vehicle is started in winter, in the initial operation stage of an engine, the vehicle is quickly heated, using the heat of engine oil which is heated prior to engine coolant.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of detecting a candidate vector and a method of detecting a transmission symbol using the same. According to an embodiment of the present invention, in a multiple input multiple output (MIMO) system using spatial multiplexing (SM), a receiver selects candidate vectors corresponding to a layer located at a last row among a plurality of rearranged layers, and sequentially ranks constellation dots of a next layer for each of the selected candidate vectors. Then, a plurality of arbitrary constellation dots are selected from the ranked constellation dots, accumulated costs of the arbitrary constellation dots are calculated, and a candidate vector is selected in correspondence with a constellation dot having a minimal accumulated cost.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of calculating a log-likelihood ratio and a method of detecting a transmission signal. According to the present invention, when a transmission symbol candidate vector is detected on the basis of a received signal, a threshold value and an ML metric of each transmission symbol candidate vector are calculated and the ML metric that is larger than the threshold value is updated by the threshold value. Further, a log-likelihood ratio of the transmission signal bit is calculated using the updated ML metric and the threshold value, and a transmission signal is detected using the log-likelihood ratio.

Abstract: A storage medium which stores catalog information and a catalog information recording and/or playback apparatus and method therefor. Using the method, catalog information including a still picture and additional information together with audio data are recorded on a storage medium such as a digital versatile disk (DVD), which is an optical record storage medium, and the catalog information is played back during playback of the audio data, to thereby provide various information on the audio data. Also, the apparatus includes a buffer memory for catalog playback which maintains a predetermined standard and compatibility, and is capable of real-time reading during playback of the audio data, and automatically plays back the catalog content, corresponding to the playback state of the audio data, when there is no additional selection of a user.

Abstract: A lossless encoding and/or decoding apparatus which encodes audio data on a real-time basis includes a lossless compression unit which losslessly compression encodes the audio data stored in an input buffer in units of predetermined data and outputs the encoded data in sequence, and an output buffer which stores the encoded audio data output from the lossless compression unit. A bitrate controller divides a plurality of the encoded audio data stored in the output buffer into first data having a data amount exceeding the maximum bitrate and second data having a data amount less than the maximum bitrate, divides the first data into third data being the encoded audio data having a data amount of the maximum bitrate and fourth data being the encoded data of the portion exceeding the maximum bitrate, and controls the output buffer so that the fourth data is output together with the second data.