Abstract: A photomask correction method capable of increasing the photomask precision is provided. The photomask correction method comprises measuring an intensity profile of a laser, acquiring etching amount data corresponding to the measured intensity profile using a library, determining a process parameter of the laser based on the etching amount data, and correcting a photomask with the laser according to the determined process parameter.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method for manufacturing a ceramic heater. The method for manufacturing a ceramic heater according to the present disclosure comprises: separately charging a ceramic powder into a center portion and multiple split edge portions in a formation mold and leveling the charged ceramic powder; manufacturing a molded body or pre-sintered body of the ceramic powder from the leveled ceramic powder; disposing a high-frequency electrode or a heating element on the molded body or pre-sintered body of the ceramic powder and filling a second ceramic powder; and integrally sintering the molded body or pre-sintered body of the ceramic powder and the second ceramic powder.

Abstract: Provided is a pharmaceutical formulation comprising a modified IL-7 protein. More particularly, it comprises (a) a modified IL-7 fusion protein; (b) a basal buffer with a concentration of 10 to 50 mM; (c) a sugar with a concentration of 2.5 to 5 w/v %; and (d) a surfactant with a concentration of 0.05 to 6 w/v %. Such pharmaceutical formulation of a modified IL-7 fusion protein does not show aggregates formation, but shows protective effects on proteins under stress conditions such as oxidation or agitation, and thus can effectively be used for the treatment of a patient.

Abstract: A printing apparatus and a method of providing printing apparatus are provided. A printing apparatus according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure includes a base panel or head base, at least one or more head packs installed on the head base, a head pack holder installed on each of the head packs and configured to handle and fix the head pack, and a fastening structure configured to mount the head pack holder to the head packs.

Abstract: A system for modeling energy consumption efficiency of an electric vehicle and a method thereof are disclosed. The system includes a communication device that communicates with a plurality of electric vehicles and includes a controller that receives learning data from the plurality of electric vehicles, learns an energy consumption efficiency model based on the received learning data, and transmits the energy consumption efficiency model in which the learning is completed to the plurality of electric vehicles.

Abstract: A multilayer electronic component includes: a body including a dielectric layer, and an internal electrode alternately disposed with the dielectric layer; and an external electrode disposed on the body and connected to the internal electrode. A composite layer containing Sn and Ni is disposed at an interface between the internal electrode and the dielectric layer. The internal electrode includes an interface portion between the composite layer and a central portion of the internal electrode. The interface portion includes a ceramic additive.

Abstract: A wafer defect test apparatus in which a defect prediction performance is improved and a simulation time is shortened is provided.

Abstract: An embodiment unitized fuel cell includes a cell frame including an electricity generating assembly (EGA) bonded to a frame, the cell frame including a manifold hole disposed at an end part of the frame and a reaction gas guide part extending from the manifold hole, wherein the manifold hole is configured to allow a reaction gas to pass therethrough, and a pair of bipolar plates respectively laminated on both sides of the cell frame, the pair of bipolar plates including a first bipolar plate configured to form a flow path of the reaction gas together with the reaction gas guide part of the cell frame, the first bipolar plate having a recessed hole disposed on a part corresponding to the reaction gas guide part to expose a part of the reaction gas guide part therethrough and a second bipolar plate bonded to the cell frame.

Abstract: A vehicular driving control system and a method for operating the same are provided, may include an information provider to provide information on a front road of a vehicle, a transmission controller to control gear shifting by predicting a condition on the front road based on the information on the front road, and a diagnosing device to diagnose a failure status by comparing the information on the front road with real front road information measured by a sensor, and to restrict a predictive gear-shifting controlling operation of the transmission controller, according to a result of the diagnosing.

Abstract: An apparatus for estimating a vehicle weight includes a memory storing computer-executable instructions and at least one processor that accesses the memory and executes the instructions. The at least one processor applies a real velocity and real acceleration to a trained real-to-virtual transformation model to obtain a virtual output set at a target time point, which includes a virtual gradient of a vehicle, a virtual velocity of the vehicle, and virtual longitudinal acceleration of the vehicle, and applies the virtual output set at the target time point and a real wheel torque at the target time point to a trained mass estimation model to obtain weight information of the vehicle. The real-to-virtual transformation model includes a first sub-model for obtaining an initial virtual velocity, a second sub-model for obtaining the virtual longitudinal acceleration, and a third sub-model for obtaining the virtual gradient.

Abstract: A battery cell assembly, including: a cell block including a plurality of battery cells; and a side frame disposed on one side surface of the cell block, wherein the side frame includes a side wall portion and a flange portion disposed on the side wall portion on a side opposite the cell block and configured to be fastened to an external support structure, and wherein the side wall portion includes a hollow space formed throughout an inside thereof.

Abstract: A battery module includes: a battery cell stack in which a plurality of battery cells are stacked, a busbar frame connected to the battery cell stack, a busbar, cell terraces each protruding from mutually adjacent battery cells among the plurality of battery cells included in the battery cell stack, and electrode leads each protruding from the cell terraces and having the same polarity, wherein at least one of the cell terraces defines a bending portion that contacts the busbar.

Abstract: The method of manufacturing a self-assembled nanoparticle-releasing soluble microneedle structure comprises: dissolving a biocompatible amphiphilic block copolymer and a hydrophobic drug in a solvent to prepare a solution comprising a uniform mixture of the biocompatible amphiphilic block copolymer and the hydrophobic drug; removing the solvent from the solution to prepare a film comprising the uniform mixture; preparing an aqueous solution comprising an additive and a hydrophilic drug; adding the aqueous solution to the film and uniformly dispersing the film in the aqueous solution; injecting the aqueous solution into a template; and drying the template and separating the microneedle structure from the template.

Abstract: Provided is a secondary battery reel storage rack to which a secondary battery reel is loaded for storage, the secondary battery reel storage rack including: a loading column perpendicular to the ground; a cantilever protruding parallel to the ground from one side surface of the loading column to support the loaded secondary battery reel; and a cover provided below the cantilever.

Abstract: A display device includes a display layer comprising pixels, each of the pixels having at least one thin-film transistor, a connection line electrically connected to the at least one thin-film transistor, the connection line being exposed on a lower surface of the display layer through a first contact hole formed in the display layer, a barrier layer disposed on the lower surface of the display layer and including a second contact hole connected to the first contact hole, a lead line disposed on a lower surface of the barrier layer and electrically connected to the connection line through the second contact hole, a pad part disposed on the lower surface of the barrier layer and electrically connected to the lead line, and a lower film overlapping the lower surface of the barrier layer and the lead line.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a skin chip according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure may include: a step of forming first and second PDMS layers disposed on both surfaces of a porous membrane and each having a microfluidic channel through which a culture medium is transferred to both surfaces of the porous membrane; a step of forming first and second MEA substrate layers disposed on the outer surfaces of the first and second PDMS layers, respectively, and having metal electrodes for measurement of TEER arranged at positions corresponding to the channels; and a step of forming first and second PMMA layers disposed on the outer surfaces of the first and second MEA substrate layers, respectively. In the method for manufacturing a skin chip according to in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the porous membrane may be made of a polycarbonate having pores of a predetermined size.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a substrate treating apparatus. The substrate treating apparatus includes a support unit that supports a substrate, and a heating unit that irradiates a beam to the substrate and heat the substrate, and the heating unit further includes an irradiation part that irradiates the beam, and a rotation part that rotates the beam.

Abstract: An electroluminescent display apparatus includes a plurality of pixels that each include a driving element including a first gate electrode connected to a first gate node, a second gate electrode facing the first gate electrode, a source electrode connected to a source node, and a drain electrode, a light emitting device connected between the source node and an input terminal for a low level driving voltage to emit light during an emission period, and an internal compensation circuit including a first capacitor connected to the first gate node and the source node. The internal compensation circuit samples a threshold voltage of the driving element during a sampling period that precedes the emission period. A sampling reinforcement voltage for increasing a sampling current flowing in the driving element is applied to the second gate electrode of the driving element during the sampling period.

Abstract: A battery pack including a battery cell assembly including a cell block having a plurality of battery cells, and a bottom cover plate under a bottom surface of the cell block, a housing having an opening, and accommodating the battery cell assembly, and a pack cover coupled to the housing and covering the opening, wherein the battery cell assembly and a bottom wall of the housing are spaced apart from each other to form a first space, and wherein the bottom cover plate includes a venting passage in communication with the first space.

Abstract: A display device includes a display module including a first non-folding area, a folding area, and a second non-folding area, a support plate disposed below the display module, a foam coating layer including a base portion and a foaming agent included in the base portion, the foam coating layer being disposed directly on the support plate; and a barrier layer disposed between the display module and the foam coating layer and including an elastic material.