Abstract: Proposed are a method and an apparatus for determining a cable length for plasma processing equipment. More particularly, proposed is a method of determining a length of a power supply cable for plasma processing equipment that performs plasma processing through power supply at radio frequencies (RF) of several tens of MHz or more.

Abstract: An inspecting apparatus capable of performing an inspection of equipment without destroying the equipment and semiconductor manufacturing equipment including the inspecting apparatus are provided. The inspecting apparatus includes: a measurement module measuring a first impedance at a first port, and a second impedance at a second port; a comparison module comparing the first and second impedances; and a determination module determining whether the equipment part is operating properly based on a result of the comparison of the first and second impedances, wherein the first impedance includes a first resistance and a first reactance, the second impedance includes a second resistance and a second reactance, and the determination module determines whether the equipment part is operating properly based on at least one of a result of the comparison of the first and second resistances and a result of the comparison of the first and second reactances.

Abstract: In some embodiments, an operating method of a storage device includes obtaining a plurality of points by searching for a first valley point between threshold voltage distributions of selection memory cells coupled to a selection word line of a plurality of word lines; calculating, using a first function, a first voltage level that corresponds to a first reference count value; calculating, using a second function, a second voltage level that corresponds to the first reference count value; classifying the selection memory cells into a plurality of coupling patterns according to an aggressor cell group of each of adjacent memory cells coupled to at least one adjacent word line adjacent to the selection word line; and performing a read operation, based on the plurality of coupling patterns of the selection memory cells, the first voltage level, and the second voltage level.

Abstract: A silicone rubber composition containing 30 to 50 parts by weight of a reinforcing filler, 5 to 10 parts by weight of silicone oil, and 1 to 5 parts by weight of a hydrophobic surface modifier, based on 100 parts by weight of silicone gum, and a brake caliper piston boot manufactured by molding the same and having excellent brake fluid resistance.

Abstract: In some embodiments, an operating method of a storage device includes obtaining a plurality of points by searching for a first valley point between threshold voltage distributions of selection memory cells coupled to a selection word line of a plurality of word lines; calculating, using a first function, a first voltage level that corresponds to a first reference count value; calculating, using a second function, a second voltage level that corresponds to the first reference count value; classifying the selection memory cells into a plurality of coupling patterns according to an aggressor cell group of each of adjacent memory cells coupled to at least one adjacent word line adjacent to the selection word line; and performing a read operation, based on the plurality of coupling patterns of the selection memory cells, the first voltage level, and the second voltage level.

Abstract: Provided are an impedance control apparatus for automatically compensating impedance by predicting the occurrence of wear on a ring assembly, and a substrate treating system having the same. The substrate treating system includes a housing for providing a space for treating a substrate, a substrate support member installed inside the housing and for supporting the substrate, a plasma generating unit for generating plasma inside the housing, a ring assembly disposed in circumference of the substrate, and an impedance control unit for controlling the impedance around the ring assembly and automatically compensating the impedance by predicting the occurrence of wear of the ring assembly.

Abstract: A brake device prepares for a failure of a parking brake as an opposed brake device integrated with an electronic parking brake effectively prevents rotation of the piston shaft when the parking piston is driven.

Abstract: A brake apparatus for a vehicle may include: a housing; a pair of pressing parts installed inside the housing, and configured to receive power from a driver and press a brake pad; a load transfer part installed between the pair of pressing parts, and configured to transfer a pressing load of any one of the pair of pressing parts to the other pressing part; and a constraint part installed in the housing such that a length thereof is adjustable, and configured to selectively constrain an operation of the load transfer part depending on a protruding length thereof into the housing.

Abstract: An image processing device is provided. The image processing device includes an image signal processor for processing a raw image received from a camera and a memory for storing a previous frame of the raw image and an intermediate image generated by the processing, wherein the image signal processor estimates an initial global motion vector between the previous frame and a current frame, receives focus region information in the raw image, divides the raw image into a foreground (FG) region and a background (BG) region based on the focus region information, generates a final global motion vector by divisionally updating the initial global motion vector based on the FG region and the BG region, performs motion compensation by applying the final global motion vector to the previous frame, and outputs a final image by blending the motion-compensated previous frame with the current frame.

Abstract: Disclosed is an apparatus for treating a substrate. The apparatus includes: an RF power supply; a process chamber which performs plasma processing by using power applied from the RF power supply; and an impedance matching unit which is disposed between the RF power supply and the process chamber and performs matching, in which the RF power supply includes a first sensor measuring impedance in a direction of the process chamber and the impedance matching unit, and the impedance matching unit performs impedance matching by reflecting impedance measured in the RF power supply through the first sensor.

Abstract: Provided is a blockchain provision system using a non-competitive consensus algorithm and micro-chain architecture to ensure transaction processing speed, scalability, and security useful for commercial services. The system includes: a network providing the blockchain services. The network includes: mainnets communicating with other micro-chains according to an inter-chain communication protocol and issuing or burning a coin, and a micro-chain architecture connected to the mainnet and including a plurality of micro-chains in which a smart contract conclusion performed using the coin operates according to each area, and the micro-chains independently perform business logic without interfering with each other, and execute different business logics to execute smart contracts corresponding to the micro-chains, respectively.

Abstract: A parking brake apparatus including a bolt screw rotated by a driving force transmitted from an actuator, one or more pistons disposed at one side or both sides of the bolt screw, one or more screw nuts accommodated in the piston, screwed to an end of the bolt screw, and moved along with the rotation of the bolt screw, one or more elastic members disposed around the screw nut within the piston, and elastically deformed, in response to a displacement of the screw nut while the screw nut is moved by a set distance, to press the piston toward a shoe, and a load transfer unit disposed in the piston, and configured to transmit, to the piston, a displacement of the screw nut when the screw nut moves more than the set distance, thereby pressing the piston toward the shoe.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides apparatuses and methods for operating a flash memory for programming operating system (OS) data before an surface mount technology (SMT) process. In some embodiments, the method includes erasing a plurality of memory cells in a memory block, reducing a lateral charge loss of the plurality of memory cells due to high temperature degradation during the SMT process by applying a pre-program voltage to word lines coupled to the memory block, and performing multi-bit programming of the OS data in the plurality of memory cells, prior to performing the SMT process. The applying of the pre-program voltage causes threshold voltages of the plurality of memory cells to increase.

Abstract: A drum brake apparatus includes a housing; a main braking unit installed on one part of the housing, and driven by a hydraulic pressure and pressing a shoe, during main braking; a parking braking unit installed on the other part of the housing, and driven by an electromotive force of an actuator and pressing the shoe, during parking braking; and a locking member locked to the housing through the actuator and a back plate, and fastening the actuator and the housing to the back plate.

Abstract: In some embodiments, an operating method of a storage device includes obtaining a plurality of points by searching for a first valley point between threshold voltage distributions of selection memory cells coupled to a selection word line of a plurality of word lines; calculating, using a first function, a first voltage level that corresponds to a first reference count value; calculating, using a second function, a second voltage level that corresponds to the first reference count value; classifying the selection memory cells into a plurality of coupling patterns according to an aggressor cell group of each of adjacent memory cells coupled to at least one adjacent word line adjacent to the selection word line; and performing a read operation, based on the plurality of coupling patterns of the selection memory cells, the first voltage level, and the second voltage level.

Abstract: Stainless steel for a fuel cell separator plate and a manufacturing method therefor are disclosed. The stainless steel for a fuel cell separator plate, according to one embodiment of the present invention, comprises: a stainless base material; and a passive film formed on the stainless base material, wherein a Cr/Fe atomic weight ratio in a 1 nm or less thickness region of the stainless base material, which is adjacent to an interface between the stainless and the passive film, is 0.45 or more. Therefore, by modifying the surface of the stainless steel for a fuel cell separator plate, a low interface contact resistance and a good corrosion resistance can be obtained, and a separate additional process such as precious metal coating can be removed, such that manufacturing costs are reduced and productivity can be improved.

Abstract: A drum brake apparatus includes a housing; a main braking unit installed on one part of the housing, and driven by a hydraulic pressure and pressing a shoe, during main braking; and a parking braking unit installed on the other part of the housing, and driven by an electromotive force of an actuator and pressing the shoe, during parking braking, the parking braking unit includes a bevel gear section disposed in the housing while having a structure of a bevel gear, and rotated in association with the actuator; and a rod section connected with the bevel gear section, and moved out of the housing in association with the bevel gear section and pressing the shoe.

Abstract: The present application relates to a method of producing natural nitrite, the method including preparing an extract from a plant containing nitrate, activating nitrate reductase within the plant extract, and inactivating the nitrate reductase. According to the method of producing the natural nitrite, nitrite may be produced in a high concentration from natural raw materials without inoculation of reducing bacteria.

Abstract: The present application relates to a natural coloring agent composition including a fermented plant product, wherein the composition includes nitrite in a concentration of 700 ppm or more and includes free sugar in a concentration of 1,000 ppm or less, and the free sugar includes lactose. The natural coloring agent composition may be prepared from natural raw materials to contain nitrite in a high concentration without inoculation of reducing bacteria, and may have an excellent color development effect when applied to meat products in place of synthetic nitrite.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a flexible circuit board for multiple signal transmission including a first dielectric layer; a plurality of first side grounds formed on one surface of the first dielectric layer to be parallel; first signal lines formed between the plurality of first side grounds; and a plurality of through holes which is formed in each of the plurality of first side grounds with an interval, along a length direction of the first side grounds.