Abstract: A shadow mask includes a mask including one surface, another surface, and an opening that passes from one surface to the other, and a shutter provided on the one surface of the mask and configured to adjust a size of the opening, wherein the shutter is configured to move from an edge to a center of the opening to adjust the size of the opening, and the shadow mask is applied in manufacturing a blank mask for a semiconductor lithography process.

Abstract: A method of controlling engine torque according to transmission hydraulic pressure is performed by an engine torque control system of a vehicle. The method includes connecting an engine torque converter to an engine and an automatic transmission of the vehicle, calculating a required turbine torque after confirming an engine torque control condition, deriving and storing a value of turbine torque factor learning through turbine torque factor learning according to shift type and shift time, converting the stored value of turbine torque factor learning into an engine torque control value, and requesting the engine torque control value to be applied to engine output, by an engine torque controller during shifting of the automatic transmission, so that a new turbine torque calculation is performed through a hydraulic pressure reference at the beginning of physical shifting, thereby preventing a shift shock and transmission damage caused by unreasonably excessive or insufficient engine torque.

Abstract: Disclosed are an inter-prediction method and an video decoding device. One embodiment of the present invention provides an inter-prediction method executed in an video decoding device, including deriving a motion vector of a current block based on motion information decoded from a bitstream; acquiring reference samples of a first reference block by using the motion vector, wherein reference samples of an external region located outside a reference picture among the first reference block are acquired from a corresponding region corresponding to the external region within the reference picture; and predicting the current block based on the acquired reference samples.

Abstract: A vehicle body structure for safely protecting a high-voltage, the vehicle body structure including: a battery mounted on bottom portions of a center floor and a rear floor; and a protective structure having a bottom portion on which a peripheral portion of the battery is mounted and including panels fitted to each other into a shape covering a peripheral portion of the center floor.

Abstract: Disclosed are an inter-prediction method and an video decoding device. One embodiment of the present invention provides an inter-prediction method executed in an video decoding device, including deriving a motion vector of a current block based on motion information decoded from a bitstream; acquiring reference samples of a first reference block by using the motion vector, wherein reference samples of an external region located outside a reference picture among the first reference block are acquired from a corresponding region corresponding to the external region within the reference picture; and predicting the current block based on the acquired reference samples.

Abstract: Provided is a substrate cleaning apparatus, comprising: a substrate support unit for rotating and holding a substrate; a brush unit for cleaning the substrate with a cleaning brush formed in the form of a roll and rotating in contact with a surface of the substrate; and a vibration sensor installed on the brush unit to detect vibrations generated by the contact of the cleaning brush with the substrate, thereby improving process efficiency by predicting cleaning results before cleaning is completed.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method for predicting a current block using a current picture referencing mode (also called intra block copy (ibc) mode), and a video encoding or decoding device therefor. The method comprises: decoding, from a bitstream, an enable flag indicating whether the application of the ibc mode is allowed, and type information indicating whether the type of slices is an inter type; depending on the enable flag and the type information, decoding from the bitstream an ibc flag indicating whether a prediction mode for the current block is the ibc mode; when the ibc flag indicates the ibc mode, decoding motion information from the bitstream; and predicting the current block by using a block indicated by the motion information within a current picture in which the current block is located.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method for predicting a current block using a current picture referencing mode (also called intra block copy (ibc) mode), and a video encoding or decoding device therefor. The method comprises: decoding, from a bitstream, an enable flag indicating whether the application of the ibc mode is allowed, and type information indicating whether the type of slices is an inter type; depending on the enable flag and the type information, decoding from the bitstream an ibc flag indicating whether a prediction mode for the current block is the ibc mode; when the ibc flag indicates the ibc mode, decoding motion information from the bitstream; and predicting the current block by using a block indicated by the motion information within a current picture in which the current block is located.

Abstract: Disclosed are an inter-prediction method and an video decoding device. One embodiment of the present invention provides an inter-prediction method executed in an video decoding device, including deriving a motion vector of a current block based on motion information decoded from a bitstream; acquiring reference samples of a first reference block by using the motion vector, wherein reference samples of an external region located outside a reference picture among the first reference block are acquired from a corresponding region corresponding to the external region within the reference picture; and predicting the current block based on the acquired reference samples.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method for predicting a current block using a current picture referencing mode (also called intra block copy (ibc) mode), and a video encoding or decoding device therefor. The method comprises: decoding, from a bitstream, an enable flag indicating whether the application of the ibc mode is allowed, and type information indicating whether the type of slices is an inter type; depending on the enable flag and the type information, decoding from the bitstream an ibc flag indicating whether a prediction mode for the current block is the ibc mode; when the ibc flag indicates the ibc mode, decoding motion information from the bitstream; and predicting the current block by using a block indicated by the motion information within a current picture in which the current block is located.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method for predicting a current block using a current picture referencing mode (also called intra block copy (ibc) mode), and a video encoding or decoding device therefor. The method comprises: decoding, from a bitstream, an enable flag indicating whether the application of the ibc mode is allowed, and type information indicating whether the type of slices is an inter type; depending on the enable flag and the type information, decoding from the bitstream an ibc flag indicating whether a prediction mode for the current block is the ibc mode; when the ibc flag indicates the ibc mode, decoding motion information from the bitstream; and predicting the current block by using a block indicated by the motion information within a current picture in which the current block is located.

Abstract: Disclosed are an inter-prediction method and an video decoding device. One embodiment of the present invention provides an inter-prediction method executed in an video decoding device, including deriving a motion vector of a current block based on motion information decoded from a bitstream; acquiring reference samples of a first reference block by using the motion vector, wherein reference samples of an external region located outside a reference picture among the first reference block are acquired from a corresponding region corresponding to the external region within the reference picture; and predicting the current block based on the acquired reference samples.

Abstract: A blank mask includes a light-transmitting substrate; and a light-shielding film on the light-transmitting substrate. The light-shielding film includes a transition metal and oxygen, and a scum formation time required to generate scum is 120 minutes or more when light with a wavelength of 172 nm and an intensity of 10 kJ/cm2 is applied on the light-shielding film.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is video encoding or decoding for efficiently encoding video. The techniques of the present disclosure are related to various split shapes of a block, syntaxes representing various split types of blocks, and syntax elements represented at a high level therefor.

Abstract: The heating film including: a transparent substrate; a coating layer provided on the transparent substrate and having a refractive index of 1.450 to 1.485; and a metal foil pattern provided on the coating layer, in which a ten-point average roughness (Rz) of a surface of the metal foil pattern is more than 0.9 ?m.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method for decoding a video including determining a coding unit to be decoded by block partitioning, decoding prediction syntaxes for the coding unit, the prediction syntaxes including a skip flag indicating whether the coding unit is encoded in a skip mode, after the decoding of the prediction syntaxes, decoding transform syntaxes including a transformation/quantization skip flag and a coding unit cbf, wherein the transformation/quantization skip flag indicates whether inverse transformation, inverse quantization, and at least part of in-loop filterings are skipped, and the coding unit cbf indicates whether all coefficients in a luma block and two chroma blocks constituting the coding unit are zero, and reconstructing the coding unit based on the prediction syntaxes and the transform syntaxes.

Abstract: The monitoring breathalyzer has an alcohol sensor, a processing unit or processor, and a screen. The processing unit determines the accuracy of the breathalyzer using the user's body as a simulator. In monitoring mode, the processing unit receives a BAC measurement from the alcohol sensor based on the breath sample provided by the user at a sample time and determines a reference point from the BAC measurement. The sample time is determined based on a time to a predetermined calibration point from a drink start time.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method for adaptive bidirectional optical flow estimation for inter-screen prediction compensation during video encoding. The method aims to reduce complexity and/or cost of bidirectional optical flow (BIO) at a pixel level or a subblock level.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method for adaptive bidirectional optical flow estimation for inter-screen prediction compensation during video encoding. The method aims to reduce complexity and/or cost of bidirectional optical flow (BIO) at a pixel level or a subblock level.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method for adaptive bidirectional optical flow estimation for inter-screen prediction compensation during video encoding. The method aims to reduce complexity and/or cost of bidirectional optical flow (BIO) at a pixel level or a subblock level.