Abstract: A method for promoting proliferation and enhancing expression of pluripotency factors of stem cells and a method for promoting proliferation of cells differentiated from the stem cells are provided in the present disclosure. The methods comprise culturing the stem cells in a medium comprising thrombospondin 1 (TSP1) and left-right determination factor 2 (LEFTY2). The present disclosure also provides a composition comprising a derivative of the stem cells produced by the methods of the present disclosure and a pharmaceutically or cosmetically acceptable carrier.

Abstract: Provided is a pharmaceutical composition including gastrodin and a use thereof for the prevention or the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. The pharmaceutical composition is effective in reducing neuronal axon degeneration and neurofibromin accumulation, improving symptoms of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and extending life of patients of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of compounds of formula (I) and formula (II) and/or pharmaceutically acceptable salts of the aforementioned compounds in the treatment of meningioma and the reduction of the recurrence rate of meningioma. In formulas (I) and (II), R1 is C1-C20 alkyl, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, C6-C20 aryl, C1-C20 alkoxy, C6-C20 aryloxy, or halogen; p is 0 to 3; R2 is H, C1-C20 alkyl, or C6-C20 aryl; and R3 is H, C1-C20 alkyl, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, or C6-C20 aryl.

Abstract: Applications of butylidenephthalide (BP), comprising the use of BP in providing a kit for promoting differentiation of stem cells into brown adipose cells, and the use of BP in preparing a medicament, wherein the medicament is used for inhibiting the accumulation of white adipose cells, promoting the conversion of white adipose cells into brown adipose cells, inhibiting weight gain and/or reducing the content of triglycerides, glucose, and total cholesterol in blood.

Abstract: The present invention provides a medicine for treating a neurodegenerative disease, which employs LEFTY2 (Left-Right Determination Factor 2) generated by co-culturing mesenchymal stem cells of mammals with nerve cells having mutations in the APP (Amyloid precursor protein) gene, or a specific protein. The LEFTY2 has an effect of inhibiting Beta amyloid and a hyperphosphorylated neuronal microtubule-associated protein (Tau protein), without affecting the development of nerve cells and having the ability to promote the growth of the nerve cells; and the two types of proteins have a crucial impact on the neurodegenerative diseases.

Abstract: Provided is a pharmaceutical composition including gastrodin and a use thereof for the prevention or the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. The pharmaceutical composition is effective in reducing neuronal axon degeneration and neurofibromin accumulation, improving symptoms of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and extending life of patients of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

Abstract: A combination, comprising a first component and a second component; the first component is selected from a group composed of the following: the compound of formula (I), a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and a combination thereof, wherein A is a C1-C8 aliphatic hydrocarbon group optionally containing a carbonyl group as needed; X is H or OH; Y is O; and R1 is H or is not present, the condition being that when R1 is not present, Y and A bond to form a five-membered ring; and the second component is selected from a group composed of the following: a topoisomerase inhibitor, a microtubule assembly inhibitor, a platinum-based agent, an antimetabolite, and a combination thereof.

Abstract: Applications of butylidenephthalide (BP), comprising the use of BP in providing a kit for promoting differentiation of stem cells into brown adipose cells, and the use of BP in preparing a medicament, wherein the medicament is used for inhibiting the accumulation of white adipose cells, promoting the conversion of white adipose cells into brown adipose cells, inhibiting weight gain and/or reducing the content of triglycerides, glucose, and total cholesterol in blood.

Abstract: This invention relates to cell-based treatment of cardiovascular disease. The invention also provides treatments to improve neural tissue and to improve behavior and neurological function in cardiovascular disease patients as well as patients suffering from other forms of neurological stress or damage.

Abstract: This present invention provides a method for continuously maintaining growth of a motor neuron progenitor cell and a pharmaceutical composition. Wherein, the method for continuously maintaining growth of a motor neuron progenitor cell is to culture the motor neuron progenitor cell in an environment which is constructed by the olfactory ensheathing cells to make the motor neuron progenitor cell sustain the ability to self-replicate and to be induced for differentiating into mature neuron, and therefore to elaborate the effect to protect the motor neuron. The motor neuron progenitor cell produced from the method disclosed in this present invention can be an effective ingredient of the pharmaceutical composition for treating related diseases of damaged motor neuron.

Abstract: Provided is a pharmaceutical composition and method for preventing, treating and diagnosing a neurodegenerative disease in a subject in need thereof. The method includes obtaining a biological sample from the subject and determining an expression level of a miRNA, and stimulating expression of the miRNA. Also provided is a kit for diagnosing a neurodegenerative disease in a subject in need thereof.

Abstract: A method for the anti-senescence of and/or rejuvenating a stem cell is provided. The method comprising treating the stem cell with trans-cinnamaldehyde (TC). A kit is also provided. The kit comprising (1) a first part, comprising a stem cell; (2) a second part, comprising TC; and (3) a culture medium of the stem cell, placed in at least one of the first part, the second part, and a third part. In addition, a method for stem cell therapy is provided. The method comprising administering to a subject in need an effective amount of a stem cell, wherein the stem cell has been treated with TC before being administered.

Abstract: A method for providing an increased expression of at least one of telomerase, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF1), CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4), and an immune regulatory factor of a stem cell in a subject is provided. The method comprises simultaneously or separately administering to the subject an effective amount of (a) a phthalide and (b) a stem cell.

Abstract: A method for decreasing the incidence rate and/or recurrent rate of cancer is provided. The method comprises administering to a subject in need an effective amount of butylidenephthalide (BP).

Abstract: A method for at least one of activating autoimmune system and treating cancer is provided. The method comprises administering to a subject in need an effective amount of Z-butylidenephthalide and an effective amount of mononuclear cells.

Abstract: The present invention discloses use of butylidenephthalide (Bdph), a method of using the same, and a method for preparing a pharmaceutical composition containing the same. Because Bdph has the capability of promoting the hair growth and reducing the ?-amyloid protein (A?) level in nerve cells, the efficacy of improving the health and appearance of a subject can be achieved by administrating an effective amount of Bdph to the subject. Specifically, the Bdph has the efficacy of preventing or treating neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease caused by excessive build up of A? in the cells, and as an active ingredient in a topical composition, the Bdph is effective in promoting the hair growth at the site where the Bdph is administered.

Abstract: A mesenchymal stem cell extract and its use are provided, wherein the mesenchymal stem cell extract comprises a trophic factor(s), such as bone morphogenetic protein-7 (BMP-7), stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), C-X-C chemokine receptor type-4 (CXCR4), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and/or interleukin-17 (IL-17), and wherein the extract is especially suitable for repairing skin aging.

Abstract: The present invention discloses use of butylidenephthalide (Bdph), a method of using the same, and a method for preparing a pharmaceutical composition containing the same. Because Bdph has the capability of promoting the hair growth and reducing the ?-amyloid protein (A?) level in nerve cells, the efficacy of improving the health and appearance of a subject can be achieved by administrating an effective amount of Bdph to the subject. Specifically, the Bdph has the efficacy of preventing or treating neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease caused by excessive build up of A? in the cells, and as an active ingredient in a topical composition, the Bdph is effective in promoting the hair growth at the site where the Bdph is administered.

Abstract: A cell for treating neurodegenerative disease treated with angelica extract is provided. The pharmaceutical composition comprises the cell for treating neurodegenerative disease and can significantly increase and recover the number of dopaminergic neurons to achieve the goal for treating neurodegenerative disease.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of delaying the onset of pulmonary fibrosis or treating pulmonary fibrosis, comprising administering to a subject in need an effective amount of an active ingredient selected from the group consisting of a compound of formula (I), a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of the compound of formula (I), and combinations thereof: wherein, A is a C5 alkyl or alkenyl optionally substituted with —OH or ?O; X is H or OH; Y is O; and R1 is H or absent, with the proviso that, when R1 is absent, Y and A bind together to form a five-membered ring.