Abstract: The invention relates to a method for burning fine-grain material, particularly for the manufacture of cement clinker from cement raw meal. The material is thermally treated in a multistage burning process with a pre-heating stage, a calcining stage with a high-degree of calcination, a sintering stage in a very short rotary kiln and a cooling stage. Fuel is introduced both into the sintering stage in the short rotary kiln as well as into the calcinating stage. Hot exhaust air from the cooling stage is supplied both to the sintering stage as well as to the calcining stage as furnace air. The invention also relates to an apparatus for the manufacture of mineral products of the burning process such as cement clinker.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for burning raw materials in the production of clinker from cement raw materials in which a portion of the cement raw materials are dried and partially deacidified under conditions which produce granules, while another portion of the raw materials in the form of finely divided meal is heat treated in a suspension type heat exchanger, and at least partly deacidified in a calciner forming part of the heat exchanger. The thus treated granules and meal are then mixed together and the mixture is treated in a thermal reactor such as a rotary kiln to complete deacidification and to cause the formation of the cement clinker.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for the heat treatment of finely divided materials, such as those used in the manufacture of cement. In the improved method of the present invention, two rows of suspension gas heat exchanges are provided, each row including a plurality of cyclone separators. A calcination furnace is connected to one of the rows, and a material cooler is connected to the other of the rows. In a preferred form of the invention, the row connected to the calcination furnace has at least one cyclone separator less than the row connected to the material cooler. A combustion device is also provided in conjunction with the material cooler to make more efficient use of the calcination furnace.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for calcining fine-grained material such as in the manufacture of cement in which the raw material is subjected to the sequential steps of pre-heating, calcining and sintering. At least one of the stages is fueled by coal dust which has been ground and dried with a drying exhaust gas derived from one of the stages. In accordance with the invention, an exhaust gas fraction is withdrawn from one of the stages, and has a relatively high concentration of injurious substances such as alkalis and sulfur. This withdrawn exhaust gas fraction is then cooled by one of a variety of methods, and then treated for the removal of the injurious substances. Finally, the cooled gas fraction is used to dry the coal dust fuel by conserving energy which would otherwise be lost in the process.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for the thermal treatment of finely divided material for the calcination of cement wherein the material is preheated in a multi-stage heat exchanger and later passed to a calcining furnace. The material is partly deacidified in a pre-calcination zone before entering the sintering furnace where further calcining and sintering of the material is completed. A portion of the feed material is treated with rapidly oxidizing fuel components in a pre-calcination zone in a first stage and with more slowly oxidizing fuel components in a second stage, the more slowly oxidizing fuel components being a mixture of relatively fine granulated fuel particles of substantially uniform size and larger particles of briquetted or coarsely broken fuel.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for drying and pulverizing coal which is to be used as a powdered fuel in the manufacture of cement. Air which has been heated in the cooling step of the cement making process is passed through a tertiary air conduit for delivery to a calcining step of the cement making process, and at least a part of the dust-laden air from the grinding step is introduced into the tertiary air conduit.

Abstract: An installation for calcining finely divided particles such as for the preparation of cement including a building which houses a pre-heater, a relatively short rotary tubular kiln which receives the pre-heated particles from the pre-heater, and a rotary cooler which receives the discharge from the rotary kiln, the rotary cooler having a discharge end received in a portion of the building below the pre-heater, the discharge end of the rotary cooler being surrounded by sound absorbing material.

Abstract: Apparatus for the thermal treatment of finely divided material for the calcination of cement wherein the material is preheated in a multi-stage heat exchanger and later passed to a calcining furnace. The material is partly deacidified in a pre-calcination zone before entering the sintering furnace where further calcining and sintering of the material is completed. A portion of the feed material is treated with rapidly oxidizing fuel components in a pre-calcination zone in a first stage and with more slowly oxidizing fuel components in a second stage, the more slowly oxidizing fuel components being a mixture of relatively fine granulated fuel particles of substantially uniform size and larger particles of briquetted or coarsely broken fuel.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for burning fine-grain material, particularly for the manufacture of cement clinker from cement raw meal. The material is thermally treated in a multistage burning process with a pre-heating stage, a calcining stage with a high-degree of calcination, a sintering stage in a very short rotary kiln and a cooling stage. Fuel is introduced both into the sintering stage in the short rotary kiln as well as into the calcinating stage. Hot exhaust air from the cooling stage is supplied both to the sintering stage as well as to the calcining stage as furnace air. The invention also relates to an apparatus for the manufacture of mineral products of the burning process such as cement clinker.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for the production of a hydraulic binder of the type used for plaster and masonry mortar within a cement producing installation including a preheating zone and a clinker calcining zone. In accordance with the invention, the cement producing plant is modified to the extent of providing for the removal of a predetermined portion of the material being processed from at least one point between the preheating zone and the clinker calcining zone wherein the withdrawn material has a predetermined condition of activation so that it is useful alone or in a mixture with other ingredients in the manufacture of the binder.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for the heat treatment of fine-grained material, particularly raw material for the manufacture of cement wherein the material is pre-heated, calcined, sintered, and then cooled, the sintering of the substantially calcined material according to the present invention being carried out in the form of an airborne suspension.

Abstract: A method for the thermal treatment of finely divided material in the calcination of cement in which finely divided material is fed in suspension into a first combustion zone, and a relatively rapidly oxidizing fuel is fed into the first combustion zone to thereby oxidize the fuel and transfer its heat to the finely divided material. The at least partially deacidified finely divided material is then fed from the first combustion zone into a second combustion zone where it is contacted with relatively slowly oxidizing fuel. Subsequently, the material treated in the second combustion zone is sintered in a sintering zone.

Abstract: Apparatus for the cooling of cement clinker or the like being discharged from a rotary kiln, the apparatus including at least two cooling means arranged to receive the discharge from the rotary kiln and adjustably positionable distributor means arranged to proportion the discharge of the rotary kiln selectively between the two or more cooling means.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for the thermal treatment of pulverulent material in which the material is preheated and finely calcined in a calcination zone, the improvement involving pre-calcining the pulverulent material in a highly turbulent gaseous stream containing combustible fuel in a pre-calcination zone prior to final calcination.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for the production of a hydraulic binder of the type used for plaster and masonry mortar within a cement producing installation including a preheating zone and a clinker calcining zone. In accordance with the invention, the cement producing plant is modified to the extent of providing for the removal of a predetermined portion of the material being processed from at least one point between the preheating zone and the clinker calcining zone wherein the withdrawn material has a predetermined condition of activation so that it is useful alone or in a mixture with other ingredients in the manufacture of the binder.

Abstract: An apparatus for the thermal treatment of fine-grained material such as for the calcination of cement including a suspension type gas heat exchanger having a plurality of stages of progressively higher temperatures in the direction of material flow. A conduit connects the hottest stage of the heat exchanger with a rotary kiln. A combustion zone is provided within the conduit and rapidly oxidizing fuel components are introduced into this combustion zone. Slowly oxidizing fuel components are introduced into the rotary kiln in a second combustion zone.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for heat treatment of comminuted raw material of the type used, for example, for the production of cement in which the material is preheated in a preheater by means of hot exhaust gases from a kiln, the material is separately calcined for the deacidification of a portion of the calcium carbonate present and is subsequently burnt to completion in the kiln. The specific improvement of the present invention involves utilizing undispersed coarse pieces of fuel for the separate calcination and conducting the separate calcination at the material inlet end to the kiln.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a system and method for the heat treatment of finely divided materials, such as those used in the manufacture of cement. In the improved system of the present invention, two rows of suspension gas heat exchanges are provided, each row including a plurality of cyclone separators. A calcination furnace is connected to one of the rows, and a material cooler is connected to the other of the rows. In a preferred form of the invention, the row connected to the calcination furnace has at least one cyclone separator less than the row connected to the material cooler. A combustion device is also provided in conjunction with the material cooler to make more efficient use of the calcination furnace.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for the thermal treatment of alkali-containing pulverent raw material used in the manufacture of cement in which the material is preheated in a preheater and after sintering in a furnace is conveyed to a cooler. Alkali free exhaust air from the cooler is conveyed into the preheater for heating the material and the alkali-containing furnace exhaust gases are cooled by means of adding a portion of the pulverized raw material to them in a heat exchanger. The alkali salts are condensed and are separated off in a dust collecting chamber.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for the safe preparation of pulverized coal comprises the steps of mixing coal with an inert gas in a pulverizing mill, separating dry coal dust from an exhaust gas bearing a residue of coal dust in a separator, mixing the exhaust gas with additional inert gas and filtering the coal dust from the gas mixture in a filter.