Abstract: Apparatus for convoluting a web of photographic material onto a rotary core in a lighttight cassette has an elongated channel which is pivotably mounted in the cassette and whose outlet is normally tangential to the peripheral surface of the core. The outlet of the channel is detachably or permanently connected with a flexible or deformable strip-shaped element in the form of a link chain, plastic band, textile band or metallic band which surrounds a substantial part of or the entire peripheral surface of the core. When the leader of a web is introduced into and advanced beyond the outlet of the channel while the core rotates in a direction to convolute the web, the foremost part of the leader penetrates between the core and the flexible element and adheres to the peripheral surface of the core not later than upon the making of approximately two convolutions. During winding, the flexible element insures that the neighboring convolutions of the web on the core are tightly packed against each other.

Abstract: Apparatus for winding the remaining unexposed frames of partly exposed films onto takeup reels in film cassettes has a socket for reception of a portion of a cassette and one or more sealing strips or cushions which prevent entry of light through the exposure window of the cassette. The gear of the takeup reel is automatically engaged by a driving gear which completes the winding of film onto the takeup reel with a force which cannot overcome the resistance of connection between the trailing end of the film and the cassette. The driving gear receives torque from a motor which is started by a microswitch in response to proper insertion of a cassette into the socket.

Abstract: Apparatus for making holes in a web of photosensitive material which is transported in a copying machine has an electromagnet with a reciprocable armature connected to one leg of a U-shaped carrier. The other leg of the carrier supports a material removing tool which penetrates through the web when the electromagnet is energized. The carrier is held against wobbling by a ball bearing which is connected to its one leg and extends with minimal clearance between two parallel guide faces which are machined into a stationary holder for the electromagnet. The holder has a plate-like extension with a hole which receives the tip of the tool subsequent to penetration of such tip through the web. The tool is normally located at one side of the plane of the web, and the extension is located at the other side of such plane.