Abstract: A method for stabilizing a natural rubber such as guayule. The method includes the step of introducing at least one of an Extraction Curves for Guayule Rubber Samples amine and a phenolic anti-oxidant, such as MADA, to a latex form of the rubber under conditions such that the anti-oxidant becomes chemically bound to the rubber. The method includes the further step of subsequently treating the rubber to remove at least a substantial portion of entrained resins. The method can yield a rubber composition of, for example, guayule rubber and including an anti-oxidant chemically bound thereto. The resultant rubber can be suitable for use in tire construction.

Abstract: A rubber composition including guayule rubber and 15 to 90 phr silica. The rubber can be cis-1,4 polyisoprene and include 15 to 90 phr silica and contain less than 20% of the proteins associated with Hevea rubber and further include at least a trace of resins present in other natural rubbers. The rubber can be cis-1,4 polyisoprene and further include between at least a trace and 3% by weight of resins present in guayule rubber. The rubber composition can further be comprised of a synthetic rubber and include between about 40-100 phr of guayule rubber, and silica. The silica can be hydrophobated.

Abstract: A rubber composition including guayule rubber and 15 to 90 phr silica. The rubber can be cis-1,4 polyisoprene and include 15 to 90 phr silica and contain less than 20% of the proteins associated with Hevea rubber and further include at least a trace of resins present in other natural rubbers. The rubber can be cis-1,4 polyisoprene and further include between at least a trace and 3% by weight of resins present in guayule rubber. The rubber composition can further be comprised of a synthetic rubber and include between about 40-100 phr of guayule rubber, and silica. The silica can be hydrophobated.

Abstract: A method for stabilizing a natural rubber such as guayule. The method includes the step of introducing at least one of an Extraction Curves for Guayule Rubber Samples amine and a phenolic anti-oxidant, such as MADA, to a latex form of the rubber under conditions such that the anti-oxidant becomes chemically bound to the rubber. The method includes the further step of subsequently treating the rubber to remove at least a substantial portion of entrained resins. The method can yield a rubber composition of, for example, guayule rubber and including an anti-oxidant chemically bound thereto. The resultant rubber can be suitable for use in tire construction.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for making silica-filled rubber masterbatch using silica hydrophobated with a trimethoxy silane coupling agent that is soluble in an alcohol-water solution containing at least about 70 wt % water. One embodiment uses a mixture of trimethoxy silanes, one or more of which react with rubber to bond the silica to the rubber, and one or more of which do not react with rubber, but do hydrophobate the silica. Hydrophobated silica is mixed with latex polymer and incorporated into rubber during coagulation of the latex, which is preferably coagulated with calcium chloride. The present invention further provides a process for making the trimethoxy silane coupling agents. Preferred trimethoxy silane coupling agents include bis-(3-trimethoxysilylpropyl)-disulfide and bis-(3-trimethoxysilylpropyl)-tetrasulfide.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for making silica-filled rubber masterbatch using silica hydrophobated with a trimethoxy silane coupling agent that is soluble in an alcohol-water solution containing at least about 70 wt % water. One embodiment uses a mixture of trimethoxy silanes, one or more of which react with rubber to bond the silica to the rubber, and one or more of which do not react with rubber, but do hydrophobate the silica. Hydrophobated silica is mixed with latex polymer and incorporated into rubber during coagulation of the latex, which is preferably coagulated with calcium chloride. The present invention further provides a process for making the trimethoxy silane coupling agents. Preferred trimethoxy silane coupling agents include bis-(3-trimethoxysilylpropyl)-disulfide and bis-(3-trimethoxysilylpropyl)-tetrasulfide.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for making silica-filled rubber masterbatch using silica hydrophobated with a trimethoxy silane coupling agent that is soluble in an alcohol-water solution containing at least about 70 wt % water. One embodiment uses a mixture of trimethoxy silanes, one or more of which react with rubber to bond the silica to the rubber, and one or more of which do not react with rubber, but do hydrophobate the silica. Hydrophobated silica is mixed with latex polymer and incorporated into rubber during coagulation of the latex, which is preferably coagulated with calcium chloride. The present invention further provides a process for making the trimethoxy silane coupling agents. Preferred trimethoxy silane coupling agents include bis-(3-trimethoxysilylpropyl)-disulfide and bis-(3-trimethoxysilylpropyl)-tetrasulfide.

Abstract: A rubber composition has a base rubber, a filler which is a protein, including soy protein, derived from byproducts resulting from the manufacture of biodiesel fuel and a coupling agent.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for making silica-filled rubber masterbatch using silica hydrophobated with a trimethoxy silane coupling agent that is soluble in an alcohol-water solution containing at least about 70 wt % water. One embodiment uses a mixture of trimethoxy silanes, one or more of which react with rubber to bond the silica to the rubber, and one or more of which do not react with rubber, but do hydrophobate the silica. Hydrophobated silica is mixed with latex polymer and incorporated into rubber during coagulation of the latex, which is preferably coagulated with calcium chloride. The present invention further provides a process for making the trimethoxy silane coupling agents. Preferred trimethoxy silane coupling agents include bis-(3-trimethoxysilylpropyl)-disulfide and bis-(3-trimethoxysilylpropyl)-tetrasulfide.

Abstract: This invention is based upon the unexpected discovery that ethyl lactate can be used as an emulsifying/dispersing excipient for numerous biologically active compounds without destroying the pharmacological activity of the active ingredient. Ethyl lactate proves to be an extremely effective agent for solubilizing biologically active compounds that are difficult to solubilize in conventional excipients. The operability of this invention is predicated on the necessity for the ethyl lactate to be essentially free of peroxide compounds. Such pharmaceutical grade ethyl lactate can be made by reducing the level of peroxide compounds in high purity ethyl lactate by hydrogenation, reduction with a non-catalytic chemical reducing agent, absorption into activated carbon or alumina, or distillation.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for making silica-filled rubber masterbatch using silica hydrophobated with a trimethoxy silane coupling agent that is soluble in an alcohol-water solution containing at least about 70 wt % water. One embodiment uses a mixture of trimethoxy silanes, one or more of which react with rubber to bond the silica to the rubber, and one or more of which do not react with rubber, but do hydrophobate the silica. Hydrophobated silica is mixed with latex polymer and incorporated into rubber during coagulation of the latex, which is preferably coagulated with calcium chloride. The present invention further provides a process for making the trimethoxy silane coupling agents. Preferred trimethoxy silane coupling agents include bis-(3-trimethoxysilylpropyl)-disulfide and bis-(3-trimethoxysilylpropyl)-tetrasulfide.

Abstract: A rubber composition has a base rubber, a filler which is a protein, including soy protein, derived from byproducts resulting from the manufacture of biodiesel fuel and a coupling agent.

Abstract: By utilizing the process of the present invention a carbon black/resin masterbatch powder can be easily prepared on a commercial scale. This invention more specifically discloses a process for making a resin/carbon black masterbatch powder which comprises the steps of: (1) mixing the carbon black and the resin in an aqueous medium at an elevated temperature to produce an aqueous dispersion, with the proviso that the elevated temperature is above the melting point of the resin in the case of crystalline resins and with the proviso that the elevated temperature is above the softening point of the resin in the case of amorphous resins; (2) cooling the aqueous dispersion to a temperature which is below the melting point or the softening point of the resin; and (3) recovering the masterbatch powder from the aqueous dispersion. By utilizing the technique of this invention resin-composite particulates of syndiotactic-1,2-polybutadiene and carbon black can be easily prepared.

Abstract: The subject invention relates to a process for preparing a compatibilized blend of a first polymer which is a rubber containing free nitrile groups, hydroxyl groups, carboxyl groups, amide groups, amine groups or mercapto groups and a second dissimilar polymer which is a thermoplastic polymer containing nitrile groups, hydroxyl groups, carboxyl groups, amide groups, amine groups or mercapto groups, which comprises reacting a rubber having pendant blocked isocyanate groups bound thereto with the first polymer and the second dissimilar polymer, wherein the compatibilized blend contains from about 55 weight percent to about 75 weight percent of the rubber containing nitrile groups, hydroxyl groups, amide groups, amine groups or mercapto groups.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a polymer resulting from the copolymerization of at least three monomers. From about 40 to 84 weight percent of the polymer is derived from a conjugated diolefin, from about 15 to 50 weight percent of the polymer is derived from a vinyl substituted aromatic compound and from about 1 to 8 weight percent of the polymer is derived from an olefinically unsaturated nitrile. These polymers may be added to a tread rubber stock for improved wet traction and improved abrasion resistance.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a polymer resulting from the copolymerization of at least three monomers. From about 40 to 84 weight percent of the polymer is derived from a conjugated diolefin, from about 15 to 50 weight percent of the polymer is derived from a vinyl substituted aromatic compound and from about 1 to 8 weight percent of the polymer is derived from an olefinically unsaturated nitrile. These polymers may be added to a tread rubber stock for improved wet traction and improved abrasion resistance.

Abstract: This invention is directed to the preparation of polymerizable monomers that are prepared from 1-(1-isocyanato-1-methylethyl)-3-(1-methylethenyl) benzene (m-TMI) and 1-(1-isocyanato-1-methylethyl)-4-(1-methylethenyl) benzene (p-TMI). The monomers prepared from m- and p-TMI can contain numerous chemical moieties, and when polymerized, produce polymers that have chemically bonded to the polymeric backbone the functional moiety. More specifically, these TMI derived monomers may contain chain breaking antioxidant moieties, peroxide decomposing antioxidant moieties, ultraviolet stabilizing moieties, triplet quenching moieties, and other chemical moieties that are useful in polymers.

Abstract: It is sometimes desirable to cure rubber compositions utilizing non-sulfur curing agents. The subject invention reveals rubber compositions which can be cured without utilizing sulfur or sulfur containing compounds. The subject invention more specifically discloses a rubber composition which can be crosslinked by heating which is comprised of (1) at least one rubber having pendant blocked isocyanate groups bound thereto; and (2) at least one compound which contains at least 2 Zerewitinoff active hydrogens.This invention also discloses crosslinking of elastomer compounds containing (1) at least one rubber having functionalized groups containing at least one Zerewitinoff active hydrogen and (2) at least one compound which contains at least two blocked isocyanate groups. This invention also discloses self-curing elastomers containing both blocked isocyanate groups and groups containing at least one active Zerewitinoff hydrogen.

Abstract: It is sometimes desirable to cure rubber compositions utilizing non-sulfur curing agents. The subject invention reveals rubber compositions which can be cured without utilizing sulfur or sulfur containing compounds. The subject invention more specifically discloses a rubber composition which can be crosslinked by heating which is comprised of (1) at least one rubber having pendant blocked isocyanate groups bound thereto; and (2) at least one compound which contains at least 2 Zerewitinoff active hydrogens.This invention also discloses crosslinking of elastomer compounds containing (1) at least one rubber having functionalized groups containing at least one Zerewitinoff active hydrogen and (2) at least one compound which contains at least two blocked isocyanate groups. This invention also discloses self-curing elastomers containing both blocked isocyanate groups and groups containing at least one active Zerewitinoff hydrogen.

Abstract: It is sometimes desirable to cure rubber compositions utilizing non-sulfur curing agents. The subject invention reveals rubber compositions which can be cured without utilizing sulfur or sulfur containing compounds. The subject invention more specifically disclosed a rubber composition which can be crosslinked by heating which is comprised of (1) at least one rubber having pendant blocked isocyanate groups bound thereto; and (2) at least one compound which contains at least 2 Zerewitinoff active hydrogens.This invention also discloses crosslinking of elastomer compounds containing (1) at least one rubber having functionalized groups containing at least one Zerewitinoff active hydrogen and (2) at least one compound which contains at least two blocked isocyanate groups. This invention also discloses self-curing elastomers containing both blocked isocyanate groups and groups containing at least one active Zerewitinoff hydrogen.