Abstract: A low temperature alkali metal electrolysis process is provided. The process comprises carrying out the electrolysis in the presence of a co-electrolyte and an alkali metal halide. The co-electrolyte comprises (1) a nitrogen-containing compound and optionally one ore more Group IB halides, Group IIIA halides, Group VIII halides; (2) a Group IIIA halide, a Group VB halide, or combinations of a Group IIIA halide and a Group VB halide; or (3) water. Also provided is a low temperature electrolysis process, which comprises carrying out the process using a cathode that comprises (1) a liquid alkali metal; (2) an alloy of two or more metals selected from the group consisting of bismuth, lead, tin, antimony, indium, gallium, thallium, and cadmium; or (3) an electrically conductive liquid solvated alkali metal.

Abstract: A process for reversible sorption of sulfur trioxide onto a sorbent comprising a) contacting from about 15% to 100% sulfur trioxide with the sorbent under anhydrous conditions at a temperature of from about 35° C. to about 150° C. thereby sorbing the sulfur trioxide onto the sorbent, b) desorbing sulfur trioxide from the sorbent at a temperature of from about 150° C. to about 350° C. at about atmospheric pressure, or under a vacuum pressure, and c) recycling said sorbent by continuously repeating steps a) and b), wherein said sorbent consists essentially of silica or zeolite having a silicon to aluminum ratio in the ranges of from about 1 to about 4.4 or greater than about 5.1, and having a pore size of at least 0.5 nm is disclosed.

Abstract: A low temperature alkali metal electrolysis process is provided. The process comprises carrying out the electrolysis in the presence of a co-electrolyte and an alkali metal halide. The co-electrolyte comprises (1) a nitrogen-containing compound and optionally one ore more Group IB halides, Group IIIA halides, Group VIII halides; (2) a Group IIIA halide, a Group VB halide, or combinations of a Group IIIA halide and a Group VB halide; or (3) water. Also provided is a low temperature electrolysis process, which comprises carrying out the process using a cathode that comprises (1) a liquid alkali metal; (2) an alloy of two or more metals selected from the group consisting of bismuth, lead, tin, antimony, indium, gallium, thallium, and cadmium; or (3) an electrically conductive liquid solvated alkali metal.

Abstract: A process for reversible sorption of sulfur trioxide onto a sorbent comprising a) contacting from about 15% to 100% sulfur trioxide with the sorbent under anhydrous conditions at a temperature of from about 35° C. to about 150° C. thereby sorbing the sulfur trioxide onto the sorbent, b) desorbing sulfur trioxide from the sorbent at a temperature of from about 150° C. to about 350° C. at about atmospheric pressure, or under a vacuum pressure, and c) recycling said sorbent by continuously repeating steps a) and b), wherein said sorbent consists essentially of silica or zeolite having a silicon to aluminum ratio in the ranges of from about 1 to about 4.4 or greater than about 5.1, and having a pore size of at least 0.5 nm is disclosed.

Abstract: A low temperature alkali metal electrolysis process is provided. The process comprises carrying out the electrolysis in the presence of a co-electrolyte and an alkali metal halide. The co-electrolyte comprises (1) a nitrogen-containing compound and optionally one ore more Group IB halides, Group IIIA halides, Group VIII halides; (2) a Group IIIA halide, a Group VB halide, or combinations of a Group IIIA halide and a Group VB halide; or (3) water. Also provided is a low temperature electrolysis process, which comprises carrying out the process using a cathode that comprises (1) a liquid alkali metal; (2) an alloy of two or more metals selected from the group consisting of bismuth, lead, tin, antimony, indium, gallium, thallium, and cadmium; or (3) an electrically conductive liquid solvated alkali metal.

Abstract: A low temperature alkali metal electrolysis process for carrying out the electrolysis in the presence of a co-electrolyte and an alkali metal halide. The co-electrolyte comprises (1) a nitrogen-containing compound and optionally one ore more Group IB halides, Group IIIA halides, Group VIII halides; (2) a Group IIIA halide, a Group VB halide, or combinations of a Group IIIA halide and a Group VB halide; or (3) water. Further provided is an electrolyte comprising an alkali metal halide and a co-electrolyte that comprises (1) a nitrogen-containing compound and optionally one ore more Group IB halides, Group IIIA halides, Group VIII halides or (2) a Group IIIA halide, a Group VB halide, or combinations of a Group IIIA halide and a Group VB halide.

Abstract: Lithium chloride improves electrolytic cell efficiency and performance when included in the electrolyte. Self-aligning cell diaphragms improve cell efficiency and reduce maintenance.

Abstract: Lithium chloride improves electrolytic cell efficiency and performance when included in the electrolyte. Self-aligning cell diaphragms improve cell efficiency and reduce maintenance.

Abstract: An electrolytic cell is provided that increases current efficiency in the fused alkali chloride salt electrolysis process for producing chlorine and sodium or lithium by improved design of the cell's product collector, diaphragm and graphite anode.