Abstract: A light-emitting structure is provided, including a substrate, an LED stacked structure formed on the substrate, and a plurality of cavities formed on the substrate surrounding the LED stacked structure. The LED stacked structure comprises an N-type epitaxial layer, an illumination layer, and a P-type epitaxial layer. A portion of the N-type epitaxial layer is exposed.

Abstract: A light emitting diode including a substrate, a first type semiconductor layer, a luminous layer, a second type semiconductor layer, a first electrode, a transparent conductive layer, and a second electrode. The first type semiconductor layer is disposed on the substrate. The luminous layer is disposed on a portion of the first type semiconductor layer. The second type semiconductor layer is disposed on the luminous layer. The first electrode is disposed on a portion of the first type semiconductor layer not covered by the luminous layer. The transparent conductive layer disposed on the second type semiconductor layer has a plurality of through holes exposing the surface of the second type semiconductor layer. The second electrode is disposed on the transparent conductive layer. The distribution density D1 of the through holes near the second electrode is different from the distribution density D2 of the through holes near the first electrode.

Abstract: Aspects of the present invention are directed to the use of optical gain structures that include alternating layers of gain medium and transparent heat conductors in which the gain medium itself functions as a correction optic. The gain medium changes to an optimum or desired shape because of the thermal changes occurring as the materials of the optical gain structure(s) reach a desired optical output condition. At the desired optical output conditions, the gain medium conforms to a desired shape. The desired shape may be, for example, that of an optical surface of a transparent heat conductor. By designing the initial shape of the gain medium such that the physical contact with the transparent heat conductor is maximized at the desired optical output conditions, conductive heat transfer between the gain medium and heat conductor(s) is maximized at the desired optical output condition.

Abstract: Aspects of the present invention are directed to the use of optical gain structures that include alternating layers of gain medium and transparent heat conductors in which the gain medium itself functions as a correction optic. The gain medium changes to an optimum or desired shape because of the thermal changes occurring as the materials of the optical gain structure(s) reach a desired optical output condition. At the desired optical output conditions, the gain medium conforms to a desired shape. The desired shape may be, for example, that of an optical surface of a transparent heat conductor. By designing the initial shape of the gain medium such that the physical contact with the transparent heat conductor is maximized at the desired optical output conditions, conductive heat transfer between the gain medium and heat conductor(s) is maximized at the desired optical output condition.

Abstract: A training golf club helps a golfer become aware of the direction and angle of their swing and adjust their stance, the angle at which they are holding their club and the direction of their swing or putter when practicing. The golf club has a club-shaft, a club-grip, and a club-head. An improvement includes an assistant plate being fixed onto the club-shaft. The assistant plate is parallel to the ball striking face of the club-head. The assistant plate has a horizontal bottom edge, and the horizontal bottom edge and a bottom edge of the club-head is preferably located along a same plane.