Abstract: A device includes: a complementary transistor including: a first transistor having a first source/drain region and a second source/drain region; and a second transistor stacked on the first transistor, and having a third source/drain region and a fourth source/drain region, the third source/drain region overlapping the first source/drain region, the fourth source/drain region overlapping the second source/drain region. The device further includes: a first source/drain contact electrically coupled to the third source/drain region; a second source/drain contact electrically coupled to the second source/drain region; a gate isolation structure adjacent the first and second transistors; and an interconnect structure electrically coupled to the first source/drain contact and the second source/drain contact.

Abstract: A memory system for maintaining data consistency and an operation method thereof are provided. The operation method includes: receiving a first data in a first cache of a first memory from a processor; reading the first data from the first cache and writing the first data as a redo log into a log buffer of the first memory; writing the redo log from the log buffer into a memory controller of the processor; performing an in-memory copy in a second memory to copy a second data as an undo log, wherein the second data is an old version of the first data; and writing the redo log from the memory controller into the second memory for covering the second data by the redo log as a third data, wherein the redo log, the third data and the first data are the same.

Abstract: A memory system for maintaining data consistency and an operation method thereof are provided. The operation method includes: receiving a first data in a first cache of a first memory from a processor; reading the first data from the first cache and writing the first data as a redo log into a log buffer of the first memory; writing the redo log from the log buffer into a memory controller of the processor; performing an in-memory copy in a second memory to copy a second data as an undo log, wherein the second data is an old version of the first data; and writing the redo log from the memory controller into the second memory for covering the second data by the redo log as a third data, wherein the redo log, the third data and the first data are the same.

Abstract: A computation method and a computation apparatus exploiting weight sparsity, adapted for a processor to perform multiply-and-accumulate operations on a memory including multiple input and output lines crossing each other. In the method, weights are mapped to the cells of each operation unit (OU) in the memory. The rows of the cells of each OU are compressed by removing at least one row of the cells each mapped with a weight of 0, and an index including values each indicating a distance between every two rows of the cells including at least one cell mapped with a non-zero weight for each OU is encoded. Inputs are inputted to the input lines corresponding to the rows of each OU excluding the rows of the cells with the weight of 0 according to the index and outputs are sensed from the output lines corresponding to the OU to compute a computation result.

Abstract: A toner level detector, includes: a toner cartridge storing toner and having one side provided with a light-permeable region; an agitator, which is rotatably disposed in the toner cartridge and agitates the toner; a reflective region disposed on an inner surface on the other side of the toner cartridge; a first cleaner disposed on one side of the agitator; a second cleaner disposed on the other side of the agitator; and a transceiver, which is disposed on a body outside the toner cartridge, and outputs an emitting signal to the reflective region through the light-permeable region, wherein the reflective region reflects the emitting signal to generate a reflective signal received by the transceiver through the reflective region, wherein the first cleaner, which is rotating, intermittently cleans the light-permeable region, which is fixed; and the second cleaner, which is rotating, intermittently cleans the reflective region, which is fixed.

Abstract: A flip-chip light-emitting module includes a thermal dissipation substrate, a package assembly, and a light-emitting chip. The package assembly includes a frame surrounding the thermal dissipation substrate, and a lens unit disposed on the frame. The frame includes a conductive path. The light-emitting chip is disposed on the thermal dissipation substrate, and includes a top conductive contact and a light-emitting surface at the same side. The top conductive contact is electrically connected with the conductive path by a conductor.

Abstract: A computation method and a computation apparatus exploiting weight sparsity, adapted for a processor to perform multiply-and-accumulate operations on a memory including multiple input and output lines crossing each other. In the method, weights are mapped to the cells of each operation unit (OU) in the memory. The rows of the cells of each OU are compressed by removing at least one row of the cells each mapped with a weight of 0, and an index including values each indicating a distance between every two rows of the cells including at least one cell mapped with a non-zero weight for each OU is encoded. Inputs are inputted to the input lines corresponding to the rows of each OU excluding the rows of the cells with the weight of 0 according to the index and outputs are sensed from the output lines corresponding to the OU to compute a computation result.

Abstract: A toner level detector, includes: a toner cartridge storing toner and having one side provided with a light-permeable region; an agitator, which is rotatably disposed in the toner cartridge and agitates the toner; a reflective region disposed on an inner surface on the other side of the toner cartridge; a first cleaner disposed on one side of the agitator; a second cleaner disposed on the other side of the agitator; and a transceiver, which is disposed on a body outside the toner cartridge, and outputs an emitting signal to the reflective region through the light-permeable region, wherein the reflective region reflects the emitting signal to generate a reflective signal received by the transceiver through the reflective region, wherein the first cleaner, which is rotating, intermittently cleans the light-permeable region, which is fixed; and the second cleaner, which is rotating, intermittently cleans the reflective region, which is fixed.

Abstract: A toner level detector includes a toner cartridge, an agitator, a reflective region, a first cleaner, a second cleaner and a transceiver. The toner cartridge stores toner, and has a light-permeable region. The agitator rotatably disposed in the toner cartridge agitates the toner. The reflective region is disposed on the agitator. The first cleaner is disposed on the agitator. The second cleaner is disposed on the toner cartridge. The transceiver disposed on a body outside the toner cartridge outputs an emitting signal to the reflective region through the light-permeable region. The reflective region reflects the emitting signal to generate a reflective signal received by the transceiver through the reflective region. The rotating first cleaner intermittently cleans the fixed light-permeable region, and the fixed second cleaner intermittently cleans the rotating reflective region.

Abstract: A toner level detector includes a toner cartridge, an agitator, a reflective region, a first cleaner, a second cleaner and a transceiver. The toner cartridge stores toner, and has a light-permeable region. The agitator rotatably disposed in the toner cartridge agitates the toner. The reflective region is disposed on the agitator. The first cleaner is disposed on the agitator. The second cleaner is disposed on the toner cartridge. The transceiver disposed on a body outside the toner cartridge outputs an emitting signal to the reflective region through the light-permeable region. The reflective region reflects the emitting signal to generate a reflective signal received by the transceiver through the reflective region. The rotating first cleaner intermittently cleans the fixed light-permeable region, and the fixed second cleaner intermittently cleans the rotating reflective region.

Abstract: A flip-chip light-emitting module includes a thermal dissipation substrate, a package assembly, and a light-emitting chip. The package assembly includes a frame surrounding the thermal dissipation substrate, and a lens unit disposed on the frame. The frame includes a conductive path. The light-emitting chip is disposed on the thermal dissipation substrate, and includes a top conductive contact and a light-emitting surface at the same side. The top conductive contact is electrically connected with the conductive path by a conductor.

Abstract: A flip-chip light-emitting module includes a thermal dissipation substrate, a package assembly, and a light-emitting chip. The package assembly includes a frame surrounding the thermal dissipation substrate, and a lens unit disposed on the frame. The frame includes a conductive path. The light-emitting chip is disposed on the thermal dissipation substrate, and includes a top conductive contact and a light-emitting surface at the same side. The top conductive contact is electrically connected with the conductive path by a conductor.