Abstract: A wafer level image module includes a photo sensor for outputting an electrical signal upon receiving light, a lens set for focusing incident light onto the photo sensor, and an adjustment member disposed between the photo sensor and the lens set for controlling the distance between the photo sensor and the lens set to compensate the focus offset of the photo sensor for enabling the lens set to accurately focus the incident light onto the photo sensor in an in-focus manner so as to provide a high image quality.

Abstract: An image sensing device for receiving an incident light having an incident angle and photo signals formed thereby is provided. The image sensing device includes a micro prism and a micro lens for adjusting the incident angle and converging the incident light, respectively, a photo sensor for converting the photo signals into electronic signals, and an IC stacking layer for processing the electronic signals.

Abstract: A MEMS differential actuated nano probe includes four suspension beams arranged in parallel, a connecting base connecting to the suspension beams, a nano probe. Two of the suspension beams elongate due to thermal expansion to allow the deflection of the probe. By heating the suspension beams at different positions, the MEMS differential actuated nano probe can move in two directions with two degrees of freedom. The deflection of the MEMS differential actuated nano probe can be also achieved in piezoelectric or electrostatic way.

Abstract: A self-assembly structure of micro electromechanical optical switch utilizes residual stresses of three curved beams. The first curved beam pushes the base plate away from the substrate. The second curved beam lifts up the mirror slightly. Then, the third curved beam rotates the mirror vertical to the base plate and achieves self-assembly. In another embodiment, magnetic force and magnetic-activated elements are used.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a fiber having a core of crystal fiber doped with chromium and a glass cladding. The fiber has a gain bandwidth of more than 300 nm including 1.3 mm to 1.6 mm in optical communication, and can be used as light source, optical amplifier and tunable laser when being applied for optical fiber communication. The present invention also relates to a method of making the fiber. First, a chromium doped crystal fiber is grown by laser-heated pedestal growth (LHPG). Then, the crystal fiber is cladded with a glass cladding by codrawing laser-heated pedestal growth (CDLHPG). Because it is a high temperature manufacture process, the cladding manufactured by this method is denser than that by evaporation technique, and can endure relative high damage threshold power for the pumping light.

Abstract: A light emitting diode (LED) package and process of making the same includes a silicon-on-insulator (SOI) substrate that is composed of two silicon based materials and an insulation layer interposed therebetween. The two silicon based materials of silicon-on-insulator substrate are etched to form a reflective cavity and an insulation trench, respectively, for dividing the silicon-on-insulator substrate into contact surfaces of positive and negative electrodes. A plurality of metal lines are then formed to electrically connect the two silicon based materials such that the LED chip can be mounted on the reflective cavity and electrically connected to the corresponding electrodes of the silicon-on-insulator substrate by the metal lines. Thus the properties of heat resistance and heat dispersal can be improved and the process can be simplified.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus for making a source material into a crystal fiber having different regions of polarization inversion. The apparatus of the present invention is similar to a laser-heated pedestal growth (LHPG) apparatus, characterized in that a first electric field generating device and a second electric field generating device are included. The first electric field generating device is used for providing a first external electric field which is used for poling the crystal fiber and inducing micro-swing of the crystal fiber. The second electric field generating device is disposed on a predetermined position above the first electric field generating device for providing a second external electric field to control and maintain the amplitude of the micro-swing. Whereby, the growth condition of the crystal fiber can be controlled precisely, and a uniformly and regularly periodic polarization inversion structure is fabricated.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a fiber having a core of crystal fiber doped with chromium and a glass cladding. The fiber has a gain bandwidth of more than 300 nm including 1.3 mm to 1.6 mm in optical communication, and can be used as light source, optical amplifier and tunable laser when being applied for optical fiber communication. The present invention also relates to a method of making the fiber. First, a chromium doped crystal fiber is grown by laser-heated pedestal growth (LHPG). Then, the crystal fiber is cladded with a glass cladding by codrawing laser-heated pedestal growth (CDLHPG). Because it is a high temperature manufacture process, the cladding manufactured by this method is denser than that by evaporation technique, and can endure relative high damage threshold power for the pumping light.

Abstract: A MEMS differential actuated nano probe includes four suspension beams arranged in parallel, a connecting base connecting to the suspension beams, a nano probe. Two of the suspension beams elongate due to thermal expansion to allow the deflection of the probe. By heating the suspension beams at different positions, the MEMS differential actuated nano probe can move in two directions with two degrees of freedom. The deflection of the MEMS differential actuated nano probe can be also achieved in piezoelectric or electrostatic way.

Abstract: A MEMS differential actuated nano probe includes four suspension beams arranged in parallel, a connecting base connecting to the suspension beams, a nano probe. Two of the suspension beams elongate due to thermal expansion to allow the deflection of the probe. By heating the suspension beams at different positions, the MEMS differential actuated nano probe can move in two directions with two degrees of freedom. The deflection of the MEMS differential actuated nano probe can be also achieved in piezoelectric or electrostatic way.

Abstract: A self-assembly structure of micro electromechanical optical switch utilizes residual stresses of three curved beams. The first curved beam pushes the base plate away from the substrate. The second curved beam lifts up the mirror slightly. Then, the third curved beam rotates the mirror vertical to the base plate and achieves self-assembly. In another embodiment, magnetic force and magnetic-activated elements are used.

Abstract: An electrostatic movable micro mirror chip includes an upper mirror plate and a lower electrode plate positioned and jointed together via pairs of fitting solder and positioning grooves. It improves the optical quality of the mirror chip by a lower joining temperature. The fitting and jointing achieves easy positioning and interconnection. The fabrication time and cost is less. The mirror in the mirror chip is plated with metallic coating on both sides so as to balance the stress and improve its flatness.

Abstract: A MEMS differential actuated nano probe includes four suspension beams arranged in parallel, a connecting base connecting to the suspension beams, a nano probe. Two of the suspension beams elongate due to thermal expansion to allow the deflection of the probe. By heating the suspension beams at different positions, the MEMS differential actuated nano probe can move in two directions with two degrees of freedom. The deflection of the MEMS differential actuated nano probe can be also achieved in piezoelectric or electrostatic way.

Abstract: A tunable filter with a wide free spectral range is provided, having a first collimator, and a second collimator, and a mirror or Bragg reflector interposed between the first and second collimators. A resonance cavity is defined in the space between the Bragg reflector and the second collimator that is able to modulate the wavelength of a light beam passing through the filter. The variable wavelength tunable filter is able to provide better optical performance and stability and a simplified construction of the resonance cavity as compared with direct fiber couplings and traditional tunable filters.

Abstract: A micro electromechanical differential actuator is comprised of a suspension arm structure and/or a bridge structure to make a two-degree-of-freedom and bi-directional motion. The actuator support base can make out-of-plane or in-plane vertical and horizontal motions. The invention is applicable in optical micro electromechanical devices such as optical switches, variable optical attenuators, optical tunable filters, modulators, tunable VCSEL's, grating modulators, micro displays, and RF switches.

Abstract: A micro electromechanical differential actuator is comprised of a suspension arm structure and/or a bridge structure to make a two-degree-of-freedom and bi-directional motion. The actuator support base can make out-of-plane or in-plane vertical and horizontal motions. The invention is applicable in optical micro electromechanical devices such as optical switches, variable optical attenuators, optical tunable filters, modulators, tunable VCSEL's, grating modulators, micro displays, and RF switches.

Abstract: An optical switch is disclosed. A lock magnetic field is provided on the sides of a rotator with a magnetic surface. The magnetic field has a potential with two minima as reflective and non-reflective positions. At the reflective position, the reflective mirror on the rotator reflects light beams. The beam goes through when the rotator is at the non-reflective position. At the same time, the magnetic field firmly locks the rotator at its position. When a driving force is imposed on the rotator; it rotates from its current position to the other position and gets locked at the new position.

Abstract: An optical switch is disclosed. A lock magnetic field is provided on the sides of a rotator with a magnetic surface. The magnetic field has a potential with two minima as reflective and non-reflective positions. At the reflective position, the reflective mirror on the rotator reflects light beams. The beam goes through when the rotator is at the non-reflective position. At the same time, the magnetic field firmly locks the rotator at its position. When a driving force is imposed on the rotator, it rotates from its current position to the other position and gets locked at the new position.

Abstract: A folding mirror structure comprises a folding mirror, a piezoelectric film and electrodes attached to the surfaces of the piezoelectric film. The folding mirror is used for deflecting a laser beam. The piezoelectric film and electrodes are stacked in an interleaving manner and attached to the folding mirror. The surfaces of the electrodes have particular patterns for compensating the coma aberrations due to the tilt of an optical disc.

Abstract: A gate structure is patterned on a substrate. An ion implantation is performed to form the LDD. Then, a thin liner layer is deposited on the feature of the substrate. A disposable spacer is successively formed attached on the side of the linear layer. The source and drain is next created in the substrate by ion implantation. The disposable spacer is then stripped by wet dip technique. A borderless layer is formed on the surface of the linear layer. A dielectric layer is formed on the gate structure and the dielectric layer can be composed of silicon dioxide, BPSG, SOG. Then, a photoresist is patterned on the dielectric layer to define the contact hole.