Abstract: In an embodiment, a method includes: forming a fin extending from a substrate, the fin having a first width and a first height after the forming; forming a dummy gate stack over a channel region of the fin; growing an epitaxial source/drain in the fin adjacent the channel region; and after growing the epitaxial source/drain, replacing the dummy gate stack with a metal gate stack, the channel region of the fin having the first width and the first height before the replacing, the channel region of the fin having a second width and a second height after the replacing, the second width being less than the first width, the second height being less than the first height.

Abstract: A method of making a semiconductor device includes forming a circuit layer over a substrate. The method further includes depositing an insulator over the substrate. The method further includes patterning the insulator to define a test line trench, a first trench, and a second trench, wherein the first trench is on a portion of the substrate exposed by the circuit layer. The method further includes filling the test line trench to define a test line electrically connected to the circuit layer. The method further includes filling the first trench and the second trench to define a capacitor.

Abstract: A method for mapping inter-well porosity includes injecting a Type 1 tracer into a hydrocarbon-bearing reservoir via an injector well, wherein the Type 1 tracer is a passive tracer, injecting a Type 2 tracer into the hydrocarbon-bearing reservoir via the injector well, wherein the Type 2 tracer is a porosity-sensitive tracer, detecting a breakthrough of the Type 1 tracer and a breakthrough of the Type 2 tracer in produced fluid at a producer well, and comparing the breakthrough of the Type 1 tracer with the breakthrough of the Type 2 tracer to provide a map of inter-well porosity.

Abstract: A wellbore that supplies production fluid from a first production zone and a second production zone is produced. Production fluids from the first and second production zone are comingled within a same production tubular. A first tracer is pulsed into the first production zone. A second tracer is pulsed into the second production zone. The first tracer and the second tracer are barcoded such that the first tracer and the second tracer can be differentiated from one another. A first tracer decay is measured at a topside facility. A second tracer decay is measured at the topside facility. A water cut of the first production zone and the second production zone is determined based upon the first tracer decay and the second tracer decay.

Abstract: A technique of utilizing waste as an interwell tracer. The waste includes pharmaceutical, personal care product (PPCP) waste or nanoplastic (NP) waste, or both. The system and method includes injecting an injection fluid including water and the waste at an injection well into a subterranean formation, producing produced fluid including water at a production well from the subterranean formation, measuring concentration of the waste in the produced fluid, and comparing the concentration of the waste in the produced fluid with the concentration of the waste in the injection fluid.

Abstract: A method for monitoring waterfront movement in a subsurface formation involves performing forward modeling of at least one deep electromagnetic survey of the waterfront movement, and determining locations for installing an electrically insulating spacer between well liners to form an on-demand electromagnetic source electrode. Based on the forward modeling, repeat survey time intervals are predicted. The method involves, during well completion, installing the electrically insulating spacer between the well liners in a reservoir to form at least one on-demand electromagnetic source electrode, and installing the electrically insulating spacer between the plurality of well liners in a reservoir to form an on-demand electromagnetic receiver electrode.

Abstract: Historical production data associated with production of a hydrocarbon product in a reservoir is obtained. Historical tracer test data associated with the production is obtained. History matching is performed using the historical production data and the historical tracer test data to generate improved geological models. Production optimization is performed using the improved geological models, including predicting optimized controls and updating, using the predicted optimized controls, water injection rates and fluid production rates for individual injectors and producers. The predicted optimized controls are applied to the reservoir to optimize future production.

Abstract: Historical production data associated with production of a hydrocarbon product in a reservoir is obtained. Historical tracer test data associated with the production is obtained. History matching is performed using the historical production data and the historical tracer test data to generate improved geological models. Production optimization is performed using the improved geological models, including predicting optimized controls and updating, using the predicted optimized controls, water injection rates and fluid production rates for individual injectors and producers. The predicted optimized controls are applied to the reservoir to optimize future production.

Abstract: The present invention provides a portable thermal cycling device for quickly changing and regulating temperature, which is used for deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) detection and amplification. The device adopts the concept of an electrical impedance method for detection, utilizes the spinning coating and electrospinning nanowires technologies to directly fabricate a thin film type thermal cycling device, and under the cooperation of a laser direct writing technology for patterning definition, enables the device to have the function of quickly raising/reducing temperature at one time for DNA amplification.

Abstract: A light emitting module includes a reflector, a lens and a light source disposed in the reflector. The lens is disposed in front of the reflector to refract light forwards so that the illuminating area of the light emitting module is adjustable. The light emitting module is particularly suitable for head light of vehicles. The light emitting module has a high illuminating efficiency and prevent light from dazzling a driver's eyes.

Abstract: The present disclosure describes methods and systems for detecting a multi-modal tracer in a hydrocarbon reservoir. One method includes injecting a multi-modal tracer at a first location in a reservoir, wherein the multi-modal tracer mixes with subsurface fluid in the reservoir; collecting fluid samples at a second location in the reservoir; and analyzing the fluid samples to detect a presence of the multi-modal tracer in the fluid samples.

Abstract: A light reflecting module includes a securing ring comprising a tube having an outer surface and an inner surface, at least one non-circular plane extending outwards from the outer surface at one end of the tube and an annular plane extending toward a center of the tube and comprising a top plane and a bottom plane, the annular plane has at least one through hole; and a plurality of reflective sheets, wherein each of the reflective sheets includes an inner surface which is a curved surface and serves as a reflecting surface, and the width of the reflective sheet is gradually decreased from a bottom surface to a top surface of the reflective sheet.

Abstract: A reflecting structure includes at least one light source; and a reflector, in which the light source is disposed to emit light, including at least one light intercepting plate and a main body, wherein the light intercepting plate includes an inner surface which is a plane serving as a light intercepting surface intercepting the light from the light source, at least one reflecting surface extending from the light intercepting surface and perpendicularly toward an outer surface of the light intercepting plate and at least one positioning structure; the main body is joined to the light intercepting surface and includes at least two convex curved surfaces disposed on two opposite sides of a vertical line extending through the light source to reflect light from the light source directly and the light reflected by the light intercepting surface.

Abstract: A light reflecting module includes a securing ring comprising a tube having an outer surface and an inner surface, at least one non-circular plane extending outwards from the outer surface at one end of the tube and an annular plane extending toward a center of the tube and comprising a top plane and a bottom plane, the annular plane has at least one through hole; and a plurality of reflective sheets, wherein each of the reflective sheets includes an inner surface which is a curved surface and serves as a reflecting surface, and the width of the reflective sheet is gradually decreased from a bottom surface to a top surface of the reflective sheet.

Abstract: A light emitting module includes a reflector, a lens and a light source disposed in the reflector. The lens is disposed in front of the reflector to refract light forwards so that the illuminating area of the light emitting module is adjustable. The light emitting module is particularly suitable for head light of vehicles. The light emitting module has a high illuminating efficiency and prevent light from dazzling a driver's eyes.

Abstract: A reflecting structure includes at least one light source; and a reflector, in which the light source is disposed to emit light, including at least one light intercepting plate and a main body, wherein the light intercepting plate includes an inner surface which is a plane serving as a light intercepting surface intercepting the light from the light source, at least one reflecting surface extending from the light intercepting surface and perpendicularly toward an outer surface of the light intercepting plate and at least one positioning structure; the main body is joined to the light intercepting surface and includes at least two convex curved surfaces disposed on two opposite sides of a vertical line extending through the light source to reflect light from the light source directly and the light reflected by the light intercepting surface.

Abstract: The reflecting structure includes at least one light source; and at least one reflector in which the light source is disposed to emit light, wherein the reflector includes a light intercepting plate and a main body joined to the light intercepting plate; the light intercepting plate includes at least one light intercepting surface, at least one reflecting surface extending from the light intercepting plane perpendicularly toward an outer surface of the light intercepting plate and a first positioning structure; the main body is joined to the light intercepting surface and includes a second positioning structure and a plurality of reflecting inner surfaces reflecting light direct from the light source and light reflected by the reflecting surface, and each of the reflecting inner surfaces has an inclined angle different from the inclined angle of other of the reflecting inner surfaces.

Abstract: A reflecting structure of the invention includes at least one light source emitting light; and at least one reflector having an inner surface comprising a plurality of strip reflecting surfaces connected to each other, and each of the strip reflecting surfaces having an inclined angle different from the inclined angles of other strip reflecting surfaces, wherein the reflector has an inward reflecting region and an outward reflecting region, wherein the light source is disposed in the inward reflecting region, and the inward reflecting region locates on an upper portion of the reflector and the outward reflecting surface locates on an lower portion of the reflector; light from the light source is reflected by the inward reflecting region at least once to reach the outward reflecting region and reflected by the outward reflecting region at least once to reach an object.

Abstract: A 3D image display apparatus includes a display unit, a first polarizer with a polarization axis, a second polarizer and a switching unit. The switching unit includes a first substrate, a second substrate and a liquid crystal layer. The first substrate is disposed with a first conductive layer on an inner surface thereof along a first direction and is electrically coupled to a first voltage source. The second substrate is parallel to the first substrate and disposed with a second conductive layer on an inner surface thereof along a second direction and is electrically coupled to a second voltage source. The first and second directions have an angle therebetween. The liquid crystal layer is disposed between the first and second substrates and includes a plurality of liquid crystals each having a slow axis.

Abstract: A 3D image display apparatus includes a display unit, a first polarizer with a polarization axis, a second polarizer and a switching unit. The switching unit includes a first substrate, a second substrate and a liquid crystal layer. The first substrate is disposed with a first conductive layer on an inner surface thereof along a first direction and is electrically coupled to a first voltage source. The second substrate is parallel to the first substrate and disposed with a second conductive layer on an inner surface thereof along a second direction and is electrically coupled to a second voltage source. The first and second directions have an angle therebetween. The liquid crystal layer is disposed between the first and second substrates and includes a plurality of liquid crystals each having a slow axis.