Abstract: A dispersive element is incorporated with an optical sensor as a spectrometer. The dispersive element includes a guided-mode resonance filter having a plurality of resonance regions. The resonance regions respectively have different filter characteristics, each reflecting a first light beam of a tested light source or transmitting a second light beam of the tested light source light source to the optical sensor, wherein the wavelength of the first light beam is different from that of the second light beam. In one embodiment, the dispersive element is incorporated with an optical sensor to form a miniature, high-resolution and low-cost spectrometer. The spectrometer makes use of the transmission efficiencies of the resonance regions of the guided-mode resonance filter and the light intensity distribution detected by the photosensitive regions of the optical sensor to acquire the spectral data of the tested light source.

Abstract: A dispersive element is incorporated with an optical sensor as a spectrometer. The dispersive element includes a guided-mode resonance filter having a plurality of resonance regions. The resonance regions respectively have different filter characteristics, each reflecting a first light beam of a tested light source or transmitting a second light beam of the tested light source light source to the optical sensor, wherein the wavelength of the first light beam is different from that of the second light beam. In one embodiment, the dispersive element is incorporated with an optical sensor to form a miniature, high-resolution and low-cost spectrometer. The spectrometer makes use of the transmission efficiencies of the resonance regions of the guided-mode resonance filter and the light intensity distribution detected by the photosensitive regions of the optical sensor to acquire the spectral data of the tested light source.

Abstract: A method of testing a battery pack, wherein a load is connected to a charger and the battery pack, and receives power supply from either the external charger or the battery pack. When the external power line is normally supplied to the load through the charger, the battery pack is purposely enabled to start its discharge and to supply power to the load. When the output voltage of the battery pack drops below a threshold level or the discharging time exceeds a preset limit, the charger re-supplies its output voltage to the load and to charge the battery pack. By the purposeful charge/discharge operations, characteristic data of the battery pack are collected and recorded for estimation of the battery pack capacity and the remaining service life.

Abstract: An uninterruptible power system has two current conversion units coupled between a line voltage and a load in parallel, wherein each current conversion unit has a rectifier and an inverter connected in series. The two rectifiers and inverters are further connected to form a cross configuration. At least one battery set is coupled to the output terminals of the two rectifiers, wherein a battery monitor controller is applied to monitor the battery information which is then transferred to a remote host. When either inverter or rectifier is faulty in one of said current conversion modules, the normal inverter or rectifier in the same module is still operated and controlled by the other current conversion module.

Abstract: An uninterruptible power system has two current conversion units coupled between a line voltage and a load in parallel, wherein each current conversion unit has a rectifier and an inverter connected in series. The two rectifiers and inverters are further connected to form a cross configuration. At least one battery set is coupled to the output terminals of the two rectifiers, wherein a battery monitor controller is applied to monitor the battery information which is then transferred to a remote host. When either inverter or rectifier is faulty in one of said current conversion modules, the normal inverter or rectifier in the same module is still operated and controlled by the other current conversion module.

Abstract: A method of checking power status of the batteries is disclosed. New batteries are first prepared for discharge tests with different discharge rates, and the standard discharge data for different types of batteries are recorded in a data base for use in power estimation. Afterwards, the battery set installed in an uninterrupted power supply (UPS) system is connected to a monitoring device for continuous monitoring of the test discharge data and discharging time in repeated random discharge tests. The characteristic data including current output, operating temperature, and terminal voltage of the tested battery are then collected and compared with the relevant standard discharge data retrieved from the data base to produce a true estimation of the remaining power of the tested battery.

Abstract: A method of checking power status of the batteries is disclosed. New batteries are first prepared for discharge tests with different discharge rates, and the standard discharge data for different types of batteries are recorded in a data base for use in power estimation. Afterwards, the battery set installed in an uninterrupted power supply (UPS) system is connected to a monitoring device for continuous monitoring of the test discharge data and discharging time in repeated random discharge tests. The characteristic data including current output, operating temperature, and terminal voltage of the tested battery are then collected and compared with the relevant standard discharge data retrieved from the data base to produce a true estimation of the remaining power of the tested battery.

Abstract: A modular backup power housing consists of at least one module and a base. Additional modules may be stacked to accommodate a larger bank of power cells. Each module has a cuboid frame, multiple top rails and multiple bottom tracks. The top rails and the bottom tracks are attached to top and bottom surfaces of the cuboid frame respectively and mate with the top rails and bottom tracks of adjacent modules or the base. By virtue of the interlocking top rails and bottom tracks, the total height of the modular backup power housing is less than a conventional housing, and the strength and stability of the modular backup power housing is improved.

Abstract: A gain estimation method for an LPC vocoder which utilizes shape indexes. The gain is estimated based on the envelope of the speech waveform. The gain is estimated such that the maximum amplitude of the synthetic speech just reaches the speech waveform envelope. The gain during voiced subframes is estimated as the minimum of the absolute value of ratio of the envelope and the impulse response of the LPC filter. The gain during unvoiced subframes is estimated as the minimum of the absolute value of the ratio of the envelope and the noise response of the LPC filter. The method results in a fast technique for estimating the gain.