Abstract: A method for forming an interconnect structure includes forming a first conductive layer over a dielectric layer, forming one or more openings in the first conductive layer to expose portions of dielectric surface of the dielectric layer and conductive surfaces of the first conductive layer, wherein the one or more openings separates the first conductive layer into one or more portions.

Abstract: A projection apparatus, an illumination apparatus thereof, and a light source driving method thereof are provided. A control module converts a bit control signal into first light source timing signals, converts the first light source timing signals into second light source timing signals according to a lookup table, generates a driving current corresponding to each light source according to the lookup table, outputs second light source driving signals corresponding to the light sources according to the second light source timing signals. The lookup table includes a driving current ratio corresponding to the light sources. A driving module drives the light sources according to the second light source driving signals and the driving current for the light sources to have overlapping light-emitting timings.

Abstract: A projection system and a control method thereof are provided. The projection system includes a projection module, a mmWave sensor, and a control circuit. The projection module projects an image beam to a projection surface. The mmWave sensor is configured to sense an object entering a sensing range and obtain a sensing result. The control circuit is coupled to the projection module and the mmWave sensor, and the control circuit controls the projection module to provide the image beam according to the sensing result of the mmWave sensor.

Abstract: A projection apparatus, an illumination apparatus thereof, and a light source driving method thereof are provided. A control module converts a bit control signal into first light source timing signals, converts the first light source timing signals into second light source timing signals according to a lookup table, generates a driving current corresponding to each light source according to the lookup table, outputs second light source driving signals corresponding to the light sources according to the second light source timing signals. The lookup table includes a driving current ratio corresponding to the light sources. A driving module drives the light sources according to the second light source driving signals and the driving current for the light sources to have overlapping light-emitting timings.

Abstract: Provided is a method of making colloidal selenium nanoparticles. The method includes the steps as follows: Step (A): providing a reducing agent and an aqueous solution containing a selenium precursor; Step (B): mixing the aqueous solution containing the selenium precursor and the reducing agent to form a mixture solution in a reaction vessel and heating the mixture solution to undergo a reduction reaction and produce a composition containing selenium nanoparticles, residues and a gas, and guiding the gas out of the reaction vessel, wherein an amount of the residues is less than 20% by volume of the mixture solution; and Step (C): dispersing the selenium nanoparticles with a medium to obtain the colloidal selenium nanoparticles. The method has advantages of simplicity, safety, time-effectiveness, cost-effectiveness, high yield and eco-friendliness.

Abstract: Provided is a method of making colloidal selenium nanoparticles. The method includes the steps as follows: Step (A): providing a reducing agent and an aqueous solution containing a selenium precursor; Step (B): mixing the aqueous solution containing the selenium precursor and the reducing agent to form a mixture solution in a reaction vessel and heating the mixture solution to undergo a reduction reaction and produce a composition containing selenium nanoparticles, residues and a gas, and guiding the gas out of the reaction vessel, wherein an amount of the residues is less than 20% by volume of the mixture solution; and Step (C): dispersing the selenium nanoparticles with a medium to obtain the colloidal selenium nanoparticles. The method has advantages of simplicity, safety, time-effectiveness, cost-effectiveness, high yield and eco-friendliness.

Abstract: A projection device, a light source system and a projection method thereof are provided. A portion of the light-emitting units are controlled to provide a light beam as the first light beam. It is detected whether characteristic parameters of the light-emitting units providing the light beam reach a preset value. When the preset value is not reached, the light-emitting units providing the light beam are disabled, and the remaining light-emitting units are controlled to provide the back-up light beam as the first light beam. A portion of the first light beam is converted into a second light beam. The first light beam of which the wavelength is not converted and the second light beam are combined to generate an illumination beam. The illumination beam is converted into an image beam. The image beam is converted into a projection beam.

Abstract: Provided is a method of making a fiber comprising metal nanoparticles. The method includes steps of: Step (A): providing a fiber and a metal salt aqueous solution comprising first metal ions; Step (B): making the metal salt aqueous solution contact the fiber to form a fiber containing the first metal ions; and Step (C): contacting the fiber containing the first metal ions with a second metal, and performing a reduction reaction of the first metal ions to obtain the fiber comprising metal nanoparticles, wherein the fiber comprising metal nanoparticles comprises first metal nanoparticles from a reduction of the first metal ions; wherein a standard reduction potential of the first metal ions is greater than a standard reduction potential of an ionic state of the second metal, and a difference therebetween ranges from 0.4 V to 4.0 V.

Abstract: An illumination system, a projection apparatus and an illumination control method are provided. The illumination system includes an excitation light source, an optical component, a light source driver, a temperature sensing module and a controller. The excitation light source emits an excitation light beam. The optical component is located on a transmission path of the excitation light beam. The light source driver is configured to drive the excitation light source. The temperature sensing module is located in a neighboring region of the optical component and configured to sense a temperature of the neighboring region of the optical component to output a sensing voltage. The controller is configured to receive the sensing voltage to determine whether the sensing voltage falls out of a predetermined voltage range and configured to output a control signal to the light source driver to adjust the excitation light beam.

Abstract: A projection device, a light source system and a projection method thereof are provided. A portion of the light-emitting units are controlled to provide a light beam as the first light beam. It is detected whether characteristic parameters of the light-emitting units providing the light beam reach a preset value. When the preset value is not reached, the light-emitting units providing the light beam are disabled, and the remaining light-emitting units are controlled to provide the back-up light beam as the first light beam. A portion of the first light beam is converted into a second light beam. The first light beam of which the wavelength is not converted and the second light beam are combined to generate an illumination beam. The illumination beam is converted into an image beam. The image beam is converted into a projection beam.

Abstract: A display panel has a portion of a color filter or patterned color layer with a thickness of at least half of the cell gap of the display panel, wherein the repair method includes providing a energy light beam to the portion of the color filter or the patterned color layer in the sub-pixel region with a bright point defect to make the portion of the color filter or patterned color layer have porous structure so that bright point is repaired to become a grey point or a dark point.

Abstract: A display panel has a portion of a color filter or patterned color layer with a thickness of at least half of the cell gap of the display panel, wherein the repair method includes providing a energy light beam to the portion of the color filter or the patterned color layer in the sub-pixel region with a bright point defect to make the portion of the color filter or patterned color layer have porous structure so that bright point is repaired to become a grey point or a dark point.

Abstract: A display panel has a portion of a color filter or patterned color layer with a thickness of at least half of the cell gap of the display panel, wherein the repair method includes providing a energy light beam to the portion of the color filter or the patterned color layer in the sub-pixel region with a bright point defect to make the portion of the color filter or patterned color layer have porous structure so that bright point is repaired to become a grey point or a dark point.

Abstract: A display panel has a portion of a color filter or patterned color layer with a thickness of at least half of the cell gap of the display panel, wherein the repair method includes providing a energy light beam to the portion of the color filter or the patterned color layer in the sub-pixel region with a bright point defect to make the portion of the color filter or patterned color layer have porous structure so that bright point is repaired to become a grey point or a dark point