Abstract: A method of producing hydrofluorocarbons and methods of producing other commercially attractive compounds formed as by-products of hydrofluorocarbon production by using ketones as a principal reactant.

Abstract: A process for the catalytic fluorination of hydrochlorocarbons and hydrochlorofluorocarbons in the liquid phase. The process is useful for fluorinating hydrochloropropanes, hydrochlorofluoropropanes, hydrochloropropenes and hydrochlorofluoropropenes and most particularly useful for fluorinating 1,1,1,3,3-pentachloropropane to 1,1,1,3,3-pentafloropropane.

Abstract: A process for preparing 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane from a hydrochlorocarbon of the formula C.sub.3 H.sub.y Cl.sub.x, wherein x is an integer from 3 to 5, y is an integer from 1 to 3, x+y=4, 6, or 8, and x-y=2 is provided.

Abstract: An improved process for producing hydrofluorocarbons and hydrochlorofluorocarbons by reacting anhydrous hydrogen fluoride in the vapor phase and in the presence of a fluorination catalyst with an admixture of perchloroethylene and a phenolic inhibitor. The phenolic component is effective to inhibit the formation of an oxidation product in the perchloroethylene while not substantially degrading the fluorination catalyst during the fluorination process. In another embodiment, substantially all of any oxidation inhibitor is removed from the perchloroethylene in-line prior to reacting the hydrogen fluoride with the perchloroethylene.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of one or more of CHClFCF.sub.3 (HCFC-124), CHF.sub.2 CClF.sub.2 (HCFC-124a) and CHF.sub.2 CF.sub.3 (HFC-125) by reaction of perchloroethylene with hydrogen fluoride in a single stage reaction vessel in the presence of a fluorination catalyst. These compounds are useful in a variety of industrial applications including blowing agents, refrigerants, sterilant gases and solvent applications. Distilling the reaction product produces a distillate comprising HCl, CHClFCF.sub.3, CHF.sub.2 CClF.sub.2 and CHF.sub.2 CF.sub.3 and a minor amount of HF which distillate is scrubbed to remove the acids. The bottoms product comprises perchloroethylene, hydrogen fluoride and organic by-products which is phase separated to sequester the hydrogen fluoride from the mixture of perchloroethylene and organic by-products. The hydrogen fluoride and mixture of perchloroethylene with organic by-products are then preferably re-mixed at a controlled rate and recycled to the reaction vessel.

Abstract: The invention relates to a cost effective and convenient process for the manufacture of fluorinated olefins of the formula RCF.sub.2 CH.dbd.CH.sub.2 where R is C.sub.x Cl.sub.y F.sub.z and y+z=2x+1. The invention is also directed to a practical process for converting these olefins to hydrofluorocarbons via the catalyzed fluorination with hydrogen fluoride. Hydrofluorocarbons produced via this process have application as solvents among other uses.

Abstract: The invention relates to a cost effective and convenient process for the manufacture of fluorinated olefins of the formula RCF.sub.2 CH=CH.sub.2 where R is C.sub.x Cl.sub.y F.sub.z and y+z=2.times.+1. The invention is also directed to a lo practical process for converting these olefins to hydrofluorocarbons via the catalyzed fluorination with hydrogen fluoride. Hydrofluorocarbons produced via this process have application as solvents among other uses.

Abstract: The invention relates to a cost effective and convenient process for the manufacture of fluorinated olefins of the formula RCF.sub.2 CH=CH.sub.2 where R is C.sub.x Cl.sub.y F.sub.z and y+z=2x+1. The invention is also directed to a practical process for converting these olefins to hydrofluorocarbons via the catalyzed fluorination with hydrogen fluoride. Hydrofluorocarbons produced via this process have application as solvents among other uses.

Abstract: The invention generally relates to a process for the purification of a component of a binary azeotrope in which the composition of the azeotrope changes by about 10 mole percent with pressure comprising:(a) subjecting a binary azeotrope to a distillation step in which most of one of the binary components is removed as distillate (distillate 1) with the bottoms (bottoms 1) enriched in the other component;(b) subjecting distillate 1 to at least one additional distillation step conducted at a different pressure in which most of the component recovered as bottoms 1 is removed as distillate 2 with the bottoms 2 enriched in the component enriched in distillate 1;(c) optionally repeating step (b) as many times as desired; and(d) recovering the desired purified component.The invention is particularly useful in the purification of pentafluoroethane in a pentafluoroethane/chloropentafluoroethane azeotrope.

Abstract: The invention relates to a novel catalyst and process for producing various chlorofluorocarbons, hydrochlorofluorocarbons and hydrofluorocarbons said catalyst prepared by co-extruding aluminum/chromium oxide and optionally impregnating the aluminum/chromium oxide support with a metal salt. The chlorofluorocarbons, hydrochlorofluorocarbons and hydrofluorocarbons, i.e., e.g., 1,1-dichloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethane, produced using the catalyst of the invention are useful in a variety of industrial applications including blowing agent, refrigerant, sterilant gas and solvent applications.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for the purification of 1,1-dichloro-1-fluoroethane comprising the steps of: (a) reacting anhydrous hydrogen fluoride with 1,1,1-trichloroethane or vinylidene chloride containing dichloroacetylene to form 1,1-dichloro-1-fluoroethane; and (b) passing the 1,1-dichloro-1-fluoroethane through activated carbon to substantially remove unsaturated impurities. In particular, the present process reduces the amounts of dichloroacetylene and vinylidene chloride in the 1,1-dichloro-1-fluoroethane product so as to meet the current specifications set forth by the Panel for Advancement of Fluorocarbon Test.The purified 1,1-dichloro-1-fluoroethane product is useful as a blowing agent and a solvent.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for the preparation of luorinated alkanes. The process comprises the step of: reacting an alkene with carbon having fluorine absorbed therein at a temperature and for a time sufficient to form fluorinated alkanes. The alkene used is not perhalogenated at the double-bonded carbons. Preferably, the alkene used is vinylidene fluoride or ethylene.The process produces products such as 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (known in the art as 134a) which may be used as a refrigerant and 1,1,1-trifluoroethane (known in the art as R143a) and 1,2-difluoroethane (known in the art as R152) which may be used as blowing agents or solvents.

Abstract: Improved fluorinated carbon made from an amorphous carbon or heat treated amorphous carbon having a lattice constant (d.sub.002) of 3.37A or greater for use as a positive electrode of a battery is provided. Such improved fluorinated carbon has low free oxidizing power, high utility factor and high capacity upon discharge in a Li/CF.sub.x battery. The free oxidizing power is found to be dependent on reaction temperature; the higher the fluorination temperature the lower the free oxidizing power. Low free oxidizing power is obtained at reaction temperatures of at least 460.degree. C. Residual free oxidizing power can be further reduced by washing with an alkanol. Such alkanol wash can also be used to reduce free oxidizing power in fluorinated carbons prepared at lower temperatures.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for producing fluorinated carbon (CF.sub.x) admixed which can be used in a lithium battery to eliminate low voltage at the beginning of discharge. The process uses a thick carbon bed to assure proper degree and type of underfluorination of the CF.sub.x. The inhomogeneous fluorinated carbon produced is a fully, or overfluorinated CF.sub.x with a small amount of underfluorinated material to eliminate voltage suppression in Li/CF.sub.x batteries.