Abstract: A method and a system for transmitting a live media stream to a plurality of nodes under a multicast tree in peer-to-peer (P2P) networks are provided. First, the reliability of each node is calculated according to a number of child nodes that can be supported by the node and an accumulated on-line time of the node. According to the number of child nodes and the reliability of each node, the nodes are rearranged in a database to establish an ideal reliable multicast tree. Finally, according to the reliability of each node, a location of each node in the multicast tree is practically adapted in sequence in a descending order, and a relative delay between nodes is weighted and compared, so a level difference between the adapted level of the node in the multicast tree and the level of the node in the ideal reliable multicast tree is the smallest.

Abstract: A method and a system for transmitting a live media stream to a plurality of nodes under a multicast tree in peer-to-peer (P2P) networks are provided. First, the reliability of each node is calculated according to a number of child nodes that can be supported by the node and an accumulated on-line time of the node. According to the number of child nodes and the reliability of each node, the nodes are rearranged in a database to establish an ideal reliable multicast tree. Finally, according to the reliability of each node, a location of each node in the multicast tree is practically adapted in sequence in a descending order, and a relative delay between nodes is weighted and compared, so a level difference between the adapted level of the node in the multicast tree and the level of the node in the ideal reliable multicast tree is the smallest.

Abstract: A tool handle includes a housing having a chamber and a slot communicating with the chamber. A rod is rotatably receiving in the chamber and has a number of channels for receiving tool bits. A lid is engaged with the slot of the housing and biased to engage with the housing and may be depressed inward of the housing. The rod may be rotated to align the required tool bit with the lid for allowing the tool bit to be tilted by the lid and to be easily fetched by the user. A control ferrule is secured to the rod for rotating the rod and for aligning the tool bit with the lid.