Abstract: This application discloses an optical splitting apparatus, an optical splitting system, a passive optical network, and an optical fiber fault detection method. The optical splitting apparatus includes a first optical splitting unit, a plurality of first optical path processing units, and a second optical path processing unit. The first optical splitting unit includes a first port and a plurality of second ports, and the first port is separately connected to the plurality of second ports.

Abstract: An OLT performs interactive authentication with an optical module, and determines a time sequence parameter of the optical module. The optical module stores the time sequence parameter in a register of the optical module. When the optical module is inserted into the OLT and is in a working state, the OLT reads the time sequence parameter stored in the optical module. Then, based on the time sequence parameter, the OLT determines and configures time sequence information of an ONU corresponding to the optical module.

Abstract: Example optical devices are described. One example optical device includes a receiver. The receiver includes a photodetector, a first amplifier, a second amplifier, and a controller, where the photodetector is coupled to the first amplifier, the first amplifier is coupled to the second amplifier, and the first amplifier and the second amplifier are separately coupled to the controller. The controller is configured to control a gain of the first amplifier and a gain of the second amplifier based on a preset arrival time of an optical signal and a gain intensity corresponding to the optical signal. The photodetector is configured to receive the optical signal and convert the optical signal into a current signal. The first amplifier is configured to convert the current signal into a first voltage signal. The second amplifier is configured to convert the first voltage signal into a second voltage signal.

Abstract: This application provides a port detection method and apparatus. In the technical solutions in this application, an OLT or an ONU may determine, based on at least two wavelengths and a preset correspondence, port information that is of an optical splitter and that corresponds to the ONU. That is, a branch port directly or indirectly connected to the ONU is defined by using the at least two wavelengths. In this way, different branch ports can be distinguished by using combinations of a plurality of wavelengths, to define a large quantity of branch ports of the optical splitter by using free combinations of a small quantity of wavelengths.

Abstract: This application provides example optical communications apparatuses. One example optical communications apparatus includes a control apparatus and an optical module matching apparatus. The control apparatus can output a first control signal to the control end. An input end of the optical module matching apparatus can connect to a first optical module and receive a first electrical signal output by the first optical module. An output end of the optical module matching apparatus can output a first serial signal. The control apparatus can output a second control signal to the control end. The input end of the optical module matching apparatus can receive a second electrical signal output by the second optical module. The output end of the optical module matching apparatus can output a second serial signal. The first electrical signal and the second electrical signal can have different level types.

Abstract: Embodiments of this application provide an OLT, an ONU, and a system. In a downlink direction, the first OLT is configured to convert received downlink data packets of M1 paths into one downlink optical signal whose wavelength is ?o, and the first ONU is configured to receive the downlink optical signal, and output a target user data packet after processing the downlink optical signal. In an uplink direction, the first ONU is configured to convert received uplink data packets into an uplink optical signal whose wavelength is ?i, and the first OLT is configured to receive a plurality of uplink optical signals of different wavelengths, and output user data packets of a corresponding quantity of paths after processing.

Abstract: This application provides a port detection method, an optical network device, and a passive optical network system, to quickly and accurately detect a port connected to an ONU, and improve efficiency of determining the port connected to the ONU. The method includes: an optical line terminal sends optical signals corresponding to all of N wavelengths to at least one optical network unit, where the N wavelengths are different from each other, and N is a positive integer; the OLT receives optical power values that are of the optical signals corresponding to all of the N wavelengths and that are sent by a first ONU, where the first ONU is any one of the at least one ONU; and the OLT determines, bases on the optical power values of the optical signals corresponding to all of the N wavelengths, information about an optical splitter port corresponding to the first ONU.

Abstract: Example optical devices are described. One example optical device includes a receiver. The receiver includes a photodetector, a first amplifier, a second amplifier, and a controller, where the photodetector is coupled to the first amplifier, the first amplifier is coupled to the second amplifier, and the first amplifier and the second amplifier are separately coupled to the controller. The controller is configured to control a gain of the first amplifier and a gain of the second amplifier based on a preset arrival time of an optical signal and a gain intensity corresponding to the optical signal. The photodetector is configured to receive the optical signal and convert the optical signal into a current signal. The first amplifier is configured to convert the current signal into a first voltage signal. The second amplifier is configured to convert the first voltage signal into a second voltage signal.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to passive optical network (PON) systems, an optical line terminal (OLT), and an optical network unit (ONU). One example PON system includes an OLT and at least two ONUs, and the OLT and the ONUs exchange data on one downstream channel and two upstream channels. The OLT sends downstream data to each ONU on the downstream channel, where the downstream data includes an upstream bandwidth grant which is used to control the ONU to send upstream data. Each ONU receives the downstream data on the downstream channel, and sends the upstream data on a first upstream channel or a second upstream channel based on the upstream bandwidth grant included in the downstream data. The OLT receives, on the first upstream channel and the second upstream channel, the upstream data sent by each ONU.

Abstract: This application provides example optical communications apparatuses. One example optical communications apparatus includes a control apparatus and an optical module matching apparatus. The control apparatus can output a first control signal to the control end. An input end of the optical module matching apparatus can connect to a first optical module and receive a first electrical signal output by the first optical module. An output end of the optical module matching apparatus can output a first serial signal. The control apparatus can output a second control signal to the control end. The input end of the optical module matching apparatus can receive a second electrical signal output by the second optical module. The output end of the optical module matching apparatus can output a second serial signal. The first electrical signal and the second electrical signal can have different level types.

Abstract: A passive optical network communication method, including receiving an Ethernet packet carrying an optical network unit identifier, determining a correspondence between the optical network unit identifier and an optical network unit type according to the optical network unit identifier, determining that an optical network unit that receives the Ethernet packet is a first type of optical network unit, where the optical network unit type includes the first and second type of optical network unit, and a packet receiving rate of the first type is different from that of the second type, determining a correspondence between the optical network unit type and a channel according to the first type, determining a channel corresponding to the first type, encapsulating the Ethernet packet into a gigabit-capable passive optical network encapsulation method (GEM) frame, and sending the GEM frame to the first type of optical network unit using the determined channel.

Abstract: Optical time domain reflectometers and optical subassemblies haying optical tine domain reflectometry functions are provided. In one aspect, an optical time domain reflectometer includes a base and a light splitting film disposed on the base, and the light splitting film includes a first side corresponding to a transmission region and a second, opposite side corresponding to a reflection region. The optical time domain reflectometer further includes a laser and a detector that are respectively located on the transmission region and the reflection region. The light splitting film is configured to: reflect or transmit laser light emitted by the laser out of the base, and reflect or transmit a part of the laser light reflected or scattered by an optical fiber to the detector.

Abstract: This application provides an optical component including a base, a light splitting structure, a first filter, and a collimation lens, where a first optical signal on a first path is incident on a light splitting surface of the first filter through a light inlet/outlet; the light splitting surface of the first filter reflects the first optical signal to the collimation lens along a second path, where the collimation lens disposed on the second path is configured to convert the first optical signal on the second path into parallel light; and the first optical signal includes a signal of at least one type of wavelength, and the light splitting structure is disposed on an emergent path of the first optical signal after the first optical signal passes through the collimation lens, and is configured to output, based on the wavelength type, the first optical signal adjusted by the collimation lens.

Abstract: A material for blocking crosstalk, an optical assembly, and a method for preparing the material are provided. The optical assembly includes an optical receive assembly, where a periphery of the optical receive assembly includes a transparent region and a non-transparent region; the transparent region is made of the material, where a first layer of film is located on a side opposite to an optical receiving direction, and a second layer of film is located on a side opposite to the optical receive assembly; and the non-transparent region is of an electrical-signal shielding structure.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to passive optical network (PON) systems, an optical line terminal (OLT), and an optical network unit (ONU). One example PON system includes an OLT and at least two ONUs, and the OLT and the ONUs exchange data on one downstream channel and two upstream channels. The OLT sends downstream data to each ONU on the downstream channel, where the downstream data includes an upstream bandwidth grant which is used to control the ONU to send upstream data. Each ONU receives the downstream data on the downstream channel, and sends the upstream data on a first upstream channel or a second upstream channel based on the upstream bandwidth grant included in the downstream data. The OLT receives, on the first upstream channel and the second upstream channel, the upstream data sent by each ONU.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to passive optical network (PON) systems, optical line terminals (OTLs), and optical network units (ONUs). One example PON system includes an OLT and at least two ONUs. The OLT and the ONUs exchange data on one downstream channel and two upstream channels. The OLT sends downstream data to each ONU on the downstream channel, where the downstream data includes an upstream bandwidth grant used to control each ONU to send upstream data. Each ONU receives the downstream data on the downstream channel, and sends the upstream data on a first upstream channel or a second upstream channel based on the upstream bandwidth grant included in the downstream data. The OLT receives, on the first upstream channel and the second upstream channel, the upstream data sent by each ONU, where a registration function is disabled on the first upstream channel, and enabled on the second upstream channel.

Abstract: A framing method and apparatus in a passive optical network (PON) and a system, where the method includes generating a first transmission convergence (TC) frame and a second TC frame separately, wherein a sum of frame lengths of the first and the second TC frame is 125 microseconds (?s), performing bit mapping on the second TC frame to generate a third TC frame, where the bit mapping refers to identifying each bit of the second TC frame using N bits, and sending the first and the second TC frame to an optical network unit (ONU). A line rate corresponding to the second TC frame is lower than 2.488 giga bits per second (Gbps) such that a rate of a receiver on a receiving side is decreased and a bandwidth of the receiver is narrowed, thereby decreasing an optical link loss and increasing an optical power budget.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to passive optical network (PON) systems, optical line terminals (OTLs), and optical network units (ONUs). One example PON system includes an OLT and at least two ONUs. The OLT and the ONUs exchange data on one downstream channel and two upstream channels. The OLT sends downstream data to each ONU on the downstream channel, where the downstream data includes an upstream bandwidth grant used to control each ONU to send upstream data. Each ONU receives the downstream data on the downstream channel, and sends the upstream data on a first upstream channel or a second upstream channel based on the upstream bandwidth grant included in the downstream data. The OLT receives, on the first upstream channel and the second upstream channel, the upstream data sent by each ONU, where a registration function is disabled on the first upstream channel, and enabled on the second upstream channel.

Abstract: A passive optical network communication method, including receiving an Ethernet packet carrying an optical network unit identifier, determining a correspondence between the optical network unit identifier and an optical network unit type according to the optical network unit identifier, determining that an optical network unit that receives the Ethernet packet is a first type of optical network unit, where the optical network unit type includes the first and second type of optical network unit, and a packet receiving rate of the first type is different from that of the second type, determining a correspondence between the optical network unit type and a channel according to the first type, determining a channel corresponding to the first type, encapsulating the Ethernet packet into a gigabit-capable passive optical network encapsulation method (GEM) frame, and sending the GEM frame to the first type of optical network unit using the determined channel.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for wireless channel signals processing. An optical signal carrying an aggregated signal comprising a plurality of wireless channel signals is received over a single optical fiber link and converted into a digital signal and then processed to produce the plurality of wireless channel signals. The plurality of wireless channel signals in the aggregated signal are positioned in different non-overlapping frequency bands that span respective channel bandwidths (BWs), where a first channel BW of the respective channel BWs is different from a second channel BW of the respective channel BW.