Abstract: An electrolyte of a redox flow battery, including a negative electrolyte and a positive electrolyte, is provided. The negative electrolyte includes a negative active material and a negative solvent, and the positive electrolyte includes a positive active material and a positive solvent. An initial volume of the negative electrolyte is greater than an initial volume of the positive electrolyte. A redox flow battery including the electrolyte is also provided.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an injection-molding system for preparing an injection-molded article using a computer-aided engineering (CAE) simulation. The molding system includes a molding machine; a mold disposed on the molding machine and having a mold cavity for being filled with a molding resin; a processing module configured to generate a stress distribution of the molding resin in the mold cavity based on a molding condition for the molding machine, wherein the stress distribution of the molding resin is generated by taking into consideration an elastic effect of the molding resin; and a controller coupled to the processing module and configured to control the molding machine with the molding condition using the generated stress distribution of the molding resin to perform an actual molding process for preparing the injection-molded article.

Abstract: A molding system includes a molding machine, a mold disposed on the molding machine, a processing module, and a controller operably communicating with the processing module. The molding machine includes a barrel, a screw moving within the barrel, a driving motor driving the screw to move a molding material. The mold has a mold cavity with a die swell structure for being filled with the molding material. The processing module simulating a filling process of the molding material based on a molding condition including a predetermined screw speed for the molding machine, wherein simulating the filling process of the molding material comprises simulating a die swell effect of the molding material in the die swell structure by taking into consideration of an effective factor, a shear viscosity, an extension viscosity, a shear rate, and a molecular orientation effect of the molding material.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a method of measuring an extensional viscosity of a polymer melt and a capillary injection system. The method includes the operations of: based on a weighted GNF viscosity model, obtaining a viscosity profile of the polymer melt according to a transport equation, a Navier Stokes equation, and a Trouton function; measuring a pressure drop of the polymer melt; obtaining a general viscosity of the polymer melt from the viscosity profile according to the pressure drop, wherein the general viscosity comprises a shear viscosity of the polymer melt and the extensional viscosity of the polymer melt; and extracting the extensional viscosity from the general viscosity.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a molding system for preparing an injection-molded plastic article. The molding system includes a molding machine; a mold disposed on the molding machine and having a mold cavity for being filled with a molding resin including a plurality of polymer chains; a processing module configured to generate an anisotropic viscosity distribution of the molding resin in the mold cavity based on a molding condition for the molding machine; wherein the anisotropic viscosity distribution of the molding resin is generated based in part on consideration of an integral effect of a volume fraction and an aspect ratio of the plurality of fibers; and a controller coupled to the processing module and configured to control the molding machine with the molding condition using the generated anisotropic viscosity distribution of the molding resin to perform an actual molding process for preparing the injection-molded plastic article.

Abstract: A molding system includes a molding machine having a screw, a driving motor driving the screw to move a molding resin; a mold disposed on the molding machine and connected to the barrel of the molding machine to receive the molding resin, and having a mold cavity with a die swell structure for being filled with the molding resin; a processing module simulating a filling process of the molding resin from the barrel into the molding cavity based on a molding condition including a predetermined screw speed for the molding machine; and a controller operably communicating with the molding machine to control the driving motor of the molding machine based on the molding conditions to move the screw at the predetermined screw speed to transfer the molding resin at a corresponding flow rate to perform an actual molding process for preparing the injection-molded article.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a molding system for preparing injection-molded articles. The molding system includes a molding machine; a mold disposed on the molding machine and having a mold cavity for being filled with a molding resin; a processing module configured to generate an anisotropic viscosity distribution of the molding resin in the mold cavity based on a molding condition for the molding machine, wherein the anisotropic viscosity distribution of the molding resin is generated based in part on an elastic effect of the molding resin; and a controller operably communicating with the processing module and configured to control the molding machine with the molding condition using the generated anisotropic viscosity distribution of the molding resin to perform an actual molding process for preparing the injection-molded article.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a molding system for preparing injection-molded articles. The molding system includes a molding machine; a mold disposed on the molding machine and having a mold cavity for being filled with a molding resin; a processing module configured to generate an anisotropic viscosity distribution of the molding resin in the mold cavity based on a molding condition for the molding machine, wherein the anisotropic viscosity distribution of the molding resin is generated based in part on an elastic effect of the molding resin; and a controller operably communicating with the processing module and configured to control the molding machine with the molding condition using the generated anisotropic viscosity distribution of the molding resin to perform an actual molding process for preparing the injection-molded article.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a molding system for preparing injection-molded articles. The molding system includes a molding machine; a mold disposed on the molding machine and having a mold cavity for being filled with a molding resin; a processing module configured to generate a mixed anisotropic viscosity distribution of the molding resin in the mold cavity based on a molding condition for the molding machine; and a controller coupled to the processing module. The mixed anisotropic viscosity distribution of the molding resin is generated by taking into consideration an extension rate distribution and a shear rate distribution of the molding resin. The controller is configured to control the molding machine with the molding condition using the generated extension rate distribution and the generated shear rate distribution of the molding resin to perform an actual molding process for preparing the injection-molded article.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a molding system for preparing an injection-molded article. The molding system includes a molding machine; a mold disposed on the molding machine and having a mold cavity for being filled with a molding resin; a processing module configured to generate an extension rate distribution and a shear rate distribution of the molding resin in the mold cavity based on a molding condition for the molding machine; and a controller coupled to the processing module. The processing module is configured to generate the extension rate distribution and the shear rate distribution of the molding resin based in part on consideration of a geometry variation of the mold cavity. The controller is configured to control the molding machine with the molding condition using the generated extension rate distribution and the generated shear rate distribution of the molding resin to perform an actual molding process for preparing the injection-molded article.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a molding system for preparing an injection-molded fiberless plastic article. The molding system includes a molding machine; a mold disposed on the molding machine; a processing module configured to generate an anisotropic viscosity distribution of the fiberless molding resin in the mold cavity; and a controller coupled to the processing module. The mold has a mold cavity for being filled with a fiberless molding resin including a plurality of polymer chains. The processing module is configured to generate the anisotropic viscosity distribution based on a molding condition for the molding machine and based in part on consideration of an orientation effect of the plurality of polymer chains. The controller is configured to control the molding machine with the molding condition using the generated anisotropic viscosity distribution of the fiberless molding resin to perform an actual molding process for preparing the injection-molded fiberless plastic article.

Abstract: A device, a system and a method for modeling fiber orientation distribution related to an injection molding object are provided. The device of the system obtains an aspect ratio of a non-cylindrical fiber, and inputs the aspect ratio and fiber data of the non-cylindrical fiber into an orientation distribution generation model for outputting a non-cylindrical fiber orientation distribution. The device determines whether the non-cylindrical fiber orientation distribution corresponds to a predetermined orientation distribution.

Abstract: A molding system includes a mold having a mold cavity; a molding machine configured to fill the mold cavity with a composite molding resin including a polymeric material having a plurality of fibers; a processing module connected to the molding machine; and a controller connected to the computing apparatus. The processing module includes a processor configured to generate an orientation distribution of the fibers in the mold cavity based on a molding condition for the molding machine, wherein the orientation distribution is generated taking into consideration a combined effect of a molding pressure and a shear rate on a zero-shear-rate viscosity of the composite molding material. The controller is configured to control the molding machine to perform an actual molding with the molding condition for injecting the composite molding resin into at least a portion of the mold cavity.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a molding system for preparing a fiber-reinforced thermoplastic composite article. The molding system includes: a molding machine; a mold disposed on the molding machine and having a mold cavity for being filled with a composite molding material including a polymeric resin and a plurality of fibers; a processing module configured to generate an anisotropic stress distribution of the composite molding material in the mold cavity based on a molding condition for the molding machine; and a controller coupled to the processing module and configured to control the molding machine with the molding condition to perform an actual molding process for preparing the fiber-reinforced thermoplastic composite article. The anisotropic stress distribution of the composite molding resin is generated based in part on consideration of an integral effect of an elongational viscosity and a shear viscosity of the composite molding material.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a molding system for preparing a fiber-reinforced thermoplastic composite article. The molding system includes: a molding machine; a mold disposed on the molding machine and having a mold cavity for being filled with a composite molding material including a polymeric resin and a plurality of fibers; a processing module configured to generate an anisotropic stress distribution of the composite molding material in the mold cavity based on a molding condition for the molding machine; and a controller coupled to the processing module and configured to control the molding machine with the molding condition to perform an actual molding process for preparing the fiber-reinforced thermoplastic composite article. The anisotropic stress distribution of the composite molding resin is generated based in part on consideration of an integral effect of an elongational viscosity and a shear viscosity of the composite molding material.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a molding system for preparing a fiber-reinforced thermoplastic (FRT) composite article, including a molding machine; a mold disposed on the molding machine and having a mold cavity to be filled with a composite molding resin including a polymeric material having a plurality of fibers; a processing module configured to generate an anisotropic viscosity distribution of the composite molding resin in the mold cavity based on a molding condition for the molding machine; and a controller coupled to the computing apparatus and configured to control the molding machine with the molding condition to perform an actual molding for the composite molding resin. The anisotropic viscosity distribution of the composite molding resin is generated by taking into consideration an orientation distribution of the fibers in the composite molding resin.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a molding system for preparing a fiber-reinforced thermoplastic composite article. The molding system includes: a molding machine; a mold disposed on the molding machine and having a mold cavity for being filled with a composite molding material including a polymeric resin and a plurality of fibers; a processing module configured to generate an anisotropic stress distribution of the composite molding material in the mold cavity based on a molding condition for the molding machine; and a controller coupled to the processing module and configured to control the molding machine with the molding condition to perform an actual molding process for preparing the fiber-reinforced thermoplastic composite article. The anisotropic stress distribution of the composite molding resin is generated based in part on consideration of an anisotropic rotational diffusion effect of the fibers in the composite molding material.

Abstract: A molding system includes a mold having a mold cavity; a molding machine configured to fill the mold cavity with a composite molding resin including a polymeric material having a plurality of fibers; a computing apparatus connected to the molding machine; and a controller connected to the computing apparatus. The computing apparatus includes a processor configured to generate a previous orientation distribution of the fibers in the mold cavity based on a molding condition for the molding machine, a rotary diffusional distribution of the fibers based on the previous orientation distribution of the fibers, and an updated orientation distribution of the fibers based on the rotary diffusional distribution of the fibers. The controller is configured to control the molding machine to perform an actual molding with the molding condition for injecting the composite molding resin into at least a portion of the mold cavity.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a method for preparing an injection-molded fiber-reinforced composite article using a molding machine controlled by a controlling module connected to the molding machine. The method performs a molding simulation executed on the controlling module to generate a shear rate distribution of the composite molding resin in a simulating domain. Subsequently, the method generates an orientation distribution of the fibers in the composite molding resin executed on the controlling module by taking into consideration an effect of the shear rate on an inter-fiber interaction and/or an effect of the shear rate on reducing a response rate of the fibers. A controller then controls the molding machine with the molding condition to perform an actual molding for injecting the composite molding resin into at least a portion of the mold cavity.

Abstract: A method for preparing a fiber-reinforced composite article initially performs a trial molding by a molding machine to prepare a trial composite article of a composite molding material including a polymeric material having a plurality of fibers, wherein the trial composite article has a trial fiber orientation distribution. The method further generates a predicted fiber orientation distribution fitting with the trial fiber orientation distribution, wherein the predicted fiber orientation distribution is generated by performing a first molding simulation for the trial composite article by using physical rheology parameters and physical fiber orientation parameters.