Abstract: The present disclosure provides methods and apparatuses for determining a fatigue index. A method of determining a fatigue index may include receiving physiological signals, generating a plurality of parameters of heart rate variability based on the physiological signals, and determining the fatigue index based on the plurality of parameters of heart rate variability.

Abstract: A package structure includes a carrier, a housing, an edge-emitting laser, first and second reflective members and a diffractive optical element. The housing disposed on a mounting surface of the carrier has a receiving space and a top surface, which has an opening and a center line perpendicular to the top surface and the mounting surface. The edge-emitting laser disposed in the receiving space and on the mounting surface has a light-emitting surface emitting a laser beam. The first reflective member is disposed in the receiving space and spaced apart from the light-emitting surface. The second reflective member is disposed in the receiving space and located on the center line above the edge-emitting laser. The diffractive optical element is disposed on the top surface. The laser beam reflected by the first and second reflective members passes through the diffractive optical element to emit out of the housing.

Abstract: A collaborative transmission method and a transmission device based on UDP (User Datagram Protocol) and TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) connections are provided. The collaborative transmission method comprises: calculating a first rate and obtaining a first parameter, wherein the first rate is a rate using TCP to transmit packets and the first parameter is associated with the variation degree of the first rate; after obtaining the first rate, calculating a number of packets to be sent according to a target bit rate, the first parameter, the first rate, and a packet size, wherein the number of packets to be sent is the number of packets expected to be transmitted via UDP; and determining to use either UDP or TCP to send the packet according to a transmission flag and updating the number of packets to be sent when the packet number is not zero.

Abstract: A camera module including a lens holder, a lens barrel, a first lens set, a second lens set, and an image sensing device is provided. The lens holder includes a limiting portion. The lens barrel is disposed in the limiting portion. The image sensing device has a common optical axis, and enables the second lens set to be located between the first lens set and the image sensing device. A position of the lens barrel is adjustable in the limiting portion when assembling the camera module, and the lens barrel is disposed on the lens holder enabling the limiting portion to be located on a periphery of the lens barrel, and a gap is arranged between the limiting portion and the lens barrel such that the position of the lens barrel is adjustable along a direction perpendicular to the optical axis.

Abstract: A camera module including a lens holder, a lens barrel, a first lens set, a second lens set, and an image sensing device is provided. The lens holder includes a limiting portion. The lens barrel is disposed in the limiting portion. The image sensing device has a common optical axis, and enables the second lens set to be located between the first lens set and the image sensing device. A position of the lens barrel is adjustable in the limiting portion when assembling the camera module, and the lens barrel is disposed on the lens holder enabling the limiting portion to be located on a periphery of the lens barrel, and a gap is arranged between the limiting portion and the lens barrel such that the position of the lens barrel is adjustable along a direction perpendicular to the optical axis.

Abstract: A collaborative transmission method and a transmission device based on UDP (User Datagram Protocol) and TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) connections are provided. The collaborative transmission method comprises: calculating a first rate and obtaining a first parameter, wherein the first rate is a rate using TCP to transmit packets and the first parameter is associated with the variation degree of the first rate; after obtaining the first rate, calculating a number of packets to be sent according to a target bit rate, the first parameter, the first rate, and a packet size, wherein the number of packets to be sent is the number of packets expected to be transmitted via UDP; and determining to use either UDP or TCP to send the packet according to a transmission flag and updating the number of packets to be sent when the packet number is not zero.

Abstract: A package structure includes a carrier, a housing, an edge-emitting laser, first and second reflective members and a diffractive optical element. The housing disposed on a mounting surface of the carrier has a receiving space and a top surface, which has an opening and a center line perpendicular to the top surface and the mounting surface. The edge-emitting laser disposed in the receiving space and on the mounting surface has a light-emitting surface emitting a laser beam. The first reflective member is disposed in the receiving space and spaced apart from the light-emitting surface. The second reflective member is disposed in the receiving space and located on the center line above the edge-emitting laser. The diffractive optical element is disposed on the top surface. The laser beam reflected by the first and second reflective members passes through the diffractive optical element to emit out of the housing.

Abstract: An assembly method of a camera module is provided. The camera module includes a first and second lens set respectively including at least one lens. The assembly steps include: providing a substrate, a lens holder, and an image sensing device, wherein the image sensing device is located in a space formed by the substrate and the lens holder, and the lens holder includes a limiting portion; disposing the second lens set in the space; assembling a barrel in the limiting portion, wherein the first lens set is disposed in the barrel, the second lens set is located between the first lens set and the image sensing device, and the first and second lens sets and the image sensing device have a common optical axis; inspecting the imaging of the image sensing device; and adjusting a position of the barrel in the limiting portion according to the inspection result.

Abstract: A low cost position sensor and a mobility device using the same are provided. The low cost position sensor comprises a rollable object, a container and a control circuit. The rollable object comprises a specific material. The container has a non-planar inner bottom portion. At least one sensor for detecting coordinates is disposed inside the container. The rollable object is disposed in the container. The sensor can detect the specific material. The control circuit is coupled to the sensor. The sensor detects the specific material to determine a coordinate position of the rollable object, and sends the coordinate position of the rollable object back to the control circuit. The control circuit determines a tilt angle of the container according to the coordinate position of the rollable object.

Abstract: An assembly method of a camera module is provided. The camera module includes a first and second lens set respectively including at least one lens. The assembly steps include: providing a substrate, a lens holder, and an image sensing device, wherein the image sensing device is located in a space formed by the substrate and the lens holder, and the lens holder includes a limiting portion; disposing the second lens set in the space; assembling a barrel in the limiting portion, wherein the first lens set is disposed in the barrel, the second lens set is located between the first lens set and the image sensing device, and the first and second lens sets and the image sensing device have a common optical axis; inspecting the imaging of the image sensing device; and adjusting a position of the barrel in the limiting portion according to the inspection result.

Abstract: A low cost position sensor and a mobility device using the same are provided. The low cost position sensor comprises a rollable object, a container and a control circuit. The rollable object comprises a specific material. The container has a non-planar inner bottom portion. At least one sensor for detecting coordinates is disposed inside the container. The rollable object is disposed in the container. The sensor can detect the specific material. The control circuit is coupled to the sensor. The sensor detects the specific material to determine a coordinate position of the rollable object, and sends the coordinate position of the rollable object back to the control circuit. The control circuit determines a tilt angle of the container according to the coordinate position of the rollable object.

Abstract: A focusing method includes the steps of calculating a diameter difference between a first circle of confusion diameter and a second circle of confusion diameter which correspond respectively to first image data and second image data associated respectively with light energy of a first spectrum and light energy of a second spectrum, generating a control signal associated with a target image distance according to an initial image distance, the diameter difference, and a lookup table, driving movement of a lens module so as to change a distance between the lens module and an image sensor from the initial image distance into the target image distance according to the control signal.

Abstract: A focusing method includes the steps of calculating a diameter difference between a first circle of confusion diameter and a second circle of confusion diameter which correspond respectively to first image data and second image data associated respectively with light energy of a first spectrum and light energy of a second spectrum, generating a control signal associated with a target image distance according to an initial image distance, the diameter difference, and a lookup table, driving movement of a lens module so as to change a distance between the lens module and an image sensor from the initial image distance into the target image distance according to the control signal.

Abstract: A self-balance mobile carrier is provided in the present invention. The self-balance mobile carrier includes a first direction load cell, a second direction load cell, a third direction load cell, a fourth direction load cell, a motion apparatus and a control circuit. Each of the load cells respective include a pressure-sensing plane and an electrical signal output terminal, for respectively converting the pressure on the pressure-sensing plane to an electrical signal and outputting the electrical signal to the electrical signal output terminal. The control circuit is coupled to the electrical signal output terminals of the first, second, third, and fourth direction load cells and the motion apparatus. The control circuit changes the moving direction of the motion apparatus according to the difference of the electrical signals of the first, second, third, and fourth direction load cells.

Abstract: An active three-dimensional positioning device and a control system for floor-cleaning robot are provided in the present invention. The active three dimension positioning device includes a radio frequency (RF) receiver array, a radio frequency emitter and a control circuit. The RF receiver array includes a plurality of RF receivers for receiving a RF pulse. The RF emitter is used for emitting a RF pulse. The control circuit is coupled to the RF receivers. The control circuit transmits a transmission command to the RF emitter, after the RF emitter receives the enable RF signal, and the RF emitter emits the RF pulse. The control circuit calculates the position between the RF receiver array and the RF emitter according to the positions of the RF receivers and the time when each of the RF receivers receives the RF pulse.

Abstract: A low cost electrical stamp is provided in the present invention. The low cost electrical stamp includes a magnetic cylinder matrix, a print circuit board (PCB), a control circuit and an interface circuit. The magnetic cylinder matrix includes a plurality of magnetic cylinders. The PCB includes a plurality of electromagnets whose positions are corresponding to the positions of the magnetic cylinders. The control circuit is coupled to the electromagnets of the PCB to control the magnetic field direction of the electromagnets. The interface circuit is coupled to the control circuit to couple to a computing device. When the low cost electrical stamp is coupled to the computing device through the interface circuit, the computing device programs the control circuit by a diagram. The control circuit magnetizes the electromagnets to change the positions of the magnetic cylinders according to the diagram.

Abstract: A motion detection method for complex scenes has steps of receiving an image frame including a plurality of pixels, each of the pixel including a first pixel information; performing a multi-background generation module based on the plurality of pixels; generating a plurality of background pixels based on the multi-background generation module; performing a moving object detection module; and deriving the background pixel based on the moving object detection module.

Abstract: A high safety vehicular transportation system is used in an individual carpool car with at least one user and comprises a user module, a rescue unit and a server center. The user module stores and provides carpool data, stores and provides states of individual carpool car, submits a carpool request and comprises a save our soul (SOS) system. The SOS system transmits a distress signal. The rescue unit provides emergency rescue assistance if any user is in a dangerous situation. The server center receives, stores and provides carpool data, has an instantaneous tracking capability, provides carpool service to at least one user, calls the rescue unit if the server center receives the distress signal, receives the carpool request and generates at least one carpool mission to fulfill the carpool request. An operational method for a high safety vehicular transportation system is also disclosed.

Abstract: A device and a method for obtaining a clear image, the method is executed by a digital signal processor (DSP) chip or a microprocessor. Through merging clear parts of two images with different focal lengths, a single clear image is obtained. The image is divided into a plurality of blocks, and then edge detection is processed to obtain an edge image. Blocks having more complete edge information are selected as clear blocks. Then, the clear blocks are further merged into a single clear image. Once the images are processed with the method, a depth of field of the image can be adjusted, without adding hardware elements of a digital camera such as a variable diaphragm.