Abstract: A reactor for hydrothermal oxidation treatment of an organic material in a reaction medium, comprising: a confinement member housed in a chamber and defining a confinement zone and a peripheral zone; at least one inlet for an oxidising fluid into the peripheral zone; a first cooling system, with an external circulation cold loop having a fluid inlet and outlet, opening into a first portion of the peripheral zone; a heating system, with an external circulation hot loop having a fluid inlet and outlet opening into a second portion of the peripheral zone; a channel with a mouth, a channel stirring system; a second cooling system for creating a temperature gradient along the channel between a cold temperature and the reaction temperature; each circulation loop being equipped with a circulator and with a heat exchanger.

Abstract: A connection device is intended for connecting a container for processing waste by high-temperature heat treatment and/or by vitrification with at least one source of products containing the waste and intended to be processed in the container and with a gas-extraction device, the connection device including a cylindrical body including a bottom end intended to be connected to the container, a top end intended to be connected to the at least one source of products and an intermediate opening intended to be connected to the gas-extraction device. The connection device includes a connection element having an element permeable to gases, which extends coaxially with the cylindrical body. The connection element includes a top end located at the top end of the cylindrical body and a bottom section that extends vertically below the bottom end of the cylindrical body.

Abstract: A reactor for hydrothermal oxidation treatment of an organic material in a reaction medium, comprising: a confinement member housed in a chamber and defining a confinement zone and a peripheral zone; at least one inlet for an oxidising fluid into the peripheral zone; a first cooling system, with an external circulation cold loop having a fluid inlet and outlet, opening into a first portion of the peripheral zone; a heating system, with an external circulation hot loop having a fluid inlet and outlet opening into a second portion of the peripheral zone; a channel with a mouth, a channel stirring system; a second cooling system for creating a temperature gradient along the channel between a cold temperature and the reaction temperature; each circulation loop being equipped with a circulator and with a heat exchanger.

Abstract: A reactor for treating an organic material in a reaction medium by hydrothermal oxidation, comprising: a longitudinal body provided with a cold interface flange; an inner tube, positioned in the body to form an annular area and comprising a cold end and a hot end, the inner tube delimiting an internal reaction area in fluid communication with the annular area via an opening provided in the hot end of the inner tube; blades for stirring the reaction medium situated in the internal reaction area and mounted rotating about the longitudinal axis of the body; a sleeve for injecting organic material to be treated into the inner tube. The inner tube is mounted rotating on the cold flange, so as to be rotated about the longitudinal axis; the sleeve being positioned inside the inner tube, having a bore that defines a passage for the organic material to be treated to pass.

Abstract: A reactor for treating an organic material in a reaction medium by hydrothermal oxidation, comprising: a longitudinal body provided with a cold interface flange; an inner tube, positioned in the body to form an annular area and comprising a cold end and a hot end, the inner tube delimiting an internal reaction area in fluid communication with the annular area via an opening provided in the hot end of the inner tube; blades for stirring the reaction medium situated in the internal reaction area and mounted rotating about the longitudinal axis of the body; a sleeve for injecting organic material to be treated into the inner tube. The inner tube is mounted rotating on the cold flange, so as to be rotated about the longitudinal axis; the sleeve being positioned inside the inner tube, having a bore that defines a passage for the organic material to be treated to pass.

Abstract: An electronic device is provided. The electronic device comprises a fin transistor formed over a substrate which is structured to include a device isolation region and an active region, the fin transistor including: a layer formed over the substrate and having a trench crossing the device isolation region and the active region; a gate filled in the trench; a first fin formed over and overlapping the active region and protruding over the device isolation region; and second fins formed on both sidewalls of the first fin in a direction of the trench.

Abstract: An electronic device is provided. The electronic device comprises a fin transistor formed over a substrate which is structured to include a device isolation region and an active region, the fin transistor including: a layer formed over the substrate and having a trench crossing the device isolation region and the active region; a gate filled in the trench; a first fin formed over and overlapping the active region and protruding over the device isolation region; and second fins formed on both sidewalls of the first fin in a direction of the trench.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for continuously incorporating solids into a pressurised fluid which is either liquid or gaseous, comprising a string of pistons sliding inside a tube in order to define therein hermetically separated chambers, which tube is brought to increasing and then decreasing pressures by feeding and venting fluid. The solids are incorporated into the fluid at the inlet of the tube. In the centre of the tube, there are connections to a circuit in which the fluid flows and which feeds the solids towards a reactor where said solids are treated. This arrangement also makes it possible for divided solid materials to be extracted from the reactor, such that said solid materials are continuously depressurised.

Abstract: A hydrothermal oxidation device for treatment of a material in a supercritical medium includes a main body, an internal tube installed inside the main body to form an annular zone along the main body, a stirring mechanism installed in an internal zone of the internal tube and actuated by a rotating shaft, a cooling mechanism to cool the treated material located in the internal zone of the internal tube, an inlet for water and oxidant mix, an effluents outlet, an inlet for material to be treated, located at one end of the main body, this inlet opening up into the internal tube. The oxidation device includes an inlet for a diluted effluent, located in the flange and connected to a preheating coil arranged along an internal wall of the main body and extending from its first end to its second end, the preheating coil opening up into the internal tube.

Abstract: A hydrothermal oxidation device for treatment of a material in a supercritical medium includes a main body, an internal tube installed inside the main body to form an annular zone along the main body, a stirring mechanism installed in an internal zone of the internal tube and actuated by a rotating shaft, a cooling mechanism to cool the treated material located in the internal zone of the internal tube, an inlet for water and oxidant mix, an effluents outlet, an inlet for material to be treated, located at one end of the main body, this inlet opening up into the internal tube. The oxidation device includes an inlet for a diluted effluent, located in the flange and connected to a preheating coil arranged along an internal wall of the main body and extending from its first end to its second end, the preheating coil opening up into the internal tube.

Abstract: A reactor for treating a material in a medium. It includes a body (2) in which is defined a reaction area (10) capable of containing a reaction medium, at least one inlet for introducing the reaction medium into the reaction area, one outlet for discharging effluents out of the reaction area. A protective casing (8) positioned inside the body (2) delimits the reaction area (10). It is spaced apart from the body in order to delimit a confinement area (12) isolating the reaction area of the body. The reaction area and the confinement area are sealably isolated from each other.

Abstract: A reactor for treating with pressurized water a material in a fluid reaction medium. It comprises a body (2) delimiting a reaction area (10), an inlet (48) for the material to be treated in the reaction area (10), a point (46) for introducing an oxidant into the reaction area (10), at least one outlet for the treated material outside the reaction area (10), the material to be treated follows a path defined in the reaction area between its inlet and its outlet. The point (46) for introducing the oxidant in the reaction area (10) is located downstream from the inlet (48) for the material and is spaced apart from the latter by a certain distance so as to define an anoxic area (20) comprised between the inlet for the material to be treated and the point for introducing the oxidant, an area in which the fluid medium is in anoxia.

Abstract: Device, system and method for injecting organic matter into a reaction enclosure (2) of a reactor for treatment using a supercritical water oxidation method. The device comprises a body having an inner volume defining a pressurizing capacity (24) in which a mobile assembly (29) is arranged, e.g. a bellows for dividing the inner volume into two variable volume compartments including a compressing capacity compartment (32) and a hydraulic pressurizing capacity compartment (34). The hydraulic pressurizing capacity compartment is preferably connected to the outlet (15) of an aqueous phase liquid/gas separator (14) which separates the liquid and gaseous phases of the effluent leaving the reaction enclosure (2).

Abstract: A reactor for treating with pressurized water a material in a fluid reaction medium. It comprises a body (2) delimiting a reaction area (10), an inlet (48) for the material to be treated in the reaction area (10), a point (46) for introducing an oxidant into the reaction area (10), at least one outlet for the treated material outside the reaction area (10), the material to be treated follows a path defined in the reaction area between its inlet and its outlet. The point (46) for introducing the oxidant in the reaction area (10) is located downstream from the inlet (48) for the material and is spaced apart from the latter by a certain distance so as to define an anoxic area (20) comprised between the inlet for the material to be treated and the point for introducing the oxidant, an area in which the fluid medium is in anoxia.

Abstract: A reactor for treating a material in a medium. It includes a body (2) in which is defined a reaction area (10) capable of containing a reaction medium, at least one inlet for introducing the reaction medium into the reaction area, one outlet for discharging effluents out of the reaction area. A protective casing (8) positioned inside the body (2) delimits the reaction area (10). It is spaced apart from the body in order to delimit a confinement area (12) isolating the reaction area of the body. The reaction area and the confinement area are sealably isolated from each other.

Abstract: A method and device for oxidization of materials in supercritical water. The method involves a) introducing a fluid containing water and an oxidizing agent in a ring-shaped area and through a first end of a substantially tube-shaped reactor comprising an external wall and an internal tube, b) heating the fluid in the ring-shaped area, c) introducing the heated fluid into the internal tube and simultaneously introducing material to be treated into said internal tube at a second end of the reactor, d) mixing the fluid and the material to be treated in a first portion of the internal tube, followed by cooling the obtained mixture in a second portion of the internal tube, and e) isobarically discharging the fluid/oxidized material from the internal tube of the reactor.

Abstract: A method and device for oxidization of materials in supercritical water. The method involves a) introducing a fluid containing water and an oxidizing agent in a ring-shaped area and through a first end of a substantially tube-shaped reactor comprising an external wall and an internal tube, b) heating the fluid in the ring-shaped area, c) introducing the heated fluid into the internal tube and simultaneously introducing material to be treated into said internal tube at a second end of the reactor, d) mixing the fluid and the material to be treated in a first portion of the internal tube, followed by cooling the obtained mixture in a second portion of the internal tube, and e) isobarically discharging the fluid/oxidized material from the internal tube of the reactor.

Abstract: Device and installation for injecting matter, particulate matter in particular, into an enclosure, and associated method. The device for injecting matter into a reaction enclosure in a treatment method using pressurized water comprises a pressurizing capacity (24) having an inner volume in which a mobile assembly (29) is arranged, e.g. a bellows which compartments it sealingly into two variable volumes, namely a pressurizing capacity (32) and a hydraulic pressurizing capacity (34). The variable, hydraulic pressurizing capacity of this device is connected to the outlet (15) of the aqueous phase of a liquid/gas separator (14) which separates the liquid and gaseous phases of an effluent leaving the reaction enclosure (2).

Abstract: A method and device for oxidization of materials in supercritical water. The method involves a) introducing a fluid containing water and an oxidizing agent in a ring-shaped area and through a first end of a substantially tube-shaped reactor comprising an external wall and an internal tube, b) heating the fluid in the ring-shaped area, c) introducing the heated fluid into the internal tube and simultaneously introducing material to be treated into said internal tube at a second end of the reactor, d) mixing the fluid and the material to be treated in a first portion of the internal tube, followed by cooling the obtained mixture in a second portion of the internal tube, and e) isobarically discharging the fluid/oxidized material from the internal tube of the reactor.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the identification and use of sequence elements present in the intergenic region of Cysteine Proteinase Genes, cpb, in L. mexicana and the observation that the identified sequences are involved in the control of stage-regulated gene expression. Principal uses include the preparation of vaccines.