Abstract: The present invention combines the storage capacity of redox flow batteries and the production of hydrogen and other products of chemical redox reactions. The redox couple of each electrolyte is chemically regenerated on a specific catalyst bed 11, replacing the discharging processes of the battery, while oxidizing or reducing other species present. This allows for the production of hydrogen on the cathodic side, and various useful products on the anodic side, such as oxygen for fuel cell application. The proposed system uses a dual circuit arrangement from which electrolytes 8 may be pumped through the catalyst beds 11 as desired, once they are in their charged state.

Abstract: In an electrostatic spray ionization method for spraying a liquid layer from an insulating plate 2, the plate is arranged between two electrodes 1, 4. A constant high voltage power supply 3 is provided and an electric circuit is used to charge and discharge locally a surface of the liquid layer 7 on the insulating plate 2 by applying the power supply between the electrodes 1, 4.

Abstract: The present invention combines the storage capacity of redox flow batteries and the production of hydrogen and other products of chemical redox reactions. The redox couple of each electrolyte is chemically regenerated on a specific catalyst bed 11, replacing the discharging processes of the battery, whilst oxidizing or reducing other species present. This allows for the production of hydrogen on the cathodic side, and various useful products on the anodic side, such as oxygen for fuel cell application. The proposed system uses a dual circuit arrangement from which electrolytes 8 may be pumped through the catalyst beds 11 as desired, once they are in their charged state.

Abstract: In an electrostatic spray ionization method for spraying a liquid layer from an insulating plate 2, the plate is arranged between two electrodes 1, 4. A constant high voltage power supply 3 is provided and an electric circuit is used to charge and discharge locally a surface of the liquid layer 7 on the insulating plate 2 by applying the power supply between the electrodes 1, 4.

Abstract: A plate for matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry comprising an electrically conductive substrate (1) covered with a light sensitive matrix (2), the matrix (2) comprising a light absorber, a charge carrier, a probe molecule and a photo-sensitizer (3) arranged to oxidize the probe molecule when irradiated with light (4).

Abstract: A plate for laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry comprising an electrically conductive substrate (1) covered with an array of spots of sintered nanoparticles (2) acting as a highly efficient sorbing phase, a very sensitive photo-reactive phase and an ionization device when covered by an organic matrix or by a hole conductor or electron donor instead of an organic matrix.

Abstract: A plate for matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry comprising an electrically conductive substrate (1) covered with a light sensitive matrix (2), the matrix (2) comprising a light absorber, a charge carrier, a probe molecule and a photo-sensitizer (3) arranged to oxidise the probe molecule when irradiated with light (4).

Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus and a method of fabricating the apparatus for dispensing a sample for subsequent analysis by mass spectrometry. The apparatus comprises a polymer substrate (1), in which a covered microchannel (3) has been etched, a wall of the microchannel comprising an electrically conductive material (2) for applying a voltage allowing the sample to be sprayed into a mass spectrometer from the open end (4) of the microchannel. The present application also discloses various applications of the apparatus.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus and a method of fabricating the apparatus for dispensing a sample for subsequent analysis by mass spectrometry. The apparatus comprises a polymer substrate (1), in which a covered microchannel (3) has been etched, a wall of the microchannel comprising an electrically conductive material (2) for applying a voltage allowing the sample to be sprayed into a mass spectrometer from the open end (4) of the microchannel. The present application also discloses various applications of the apparatus.