Abstract: The present disclosure is directed at the selection and design of columns for liquid chromatography including liquid chromatography devices and systems and corresponding methods of operation, particularly in the field of high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC).

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed at the selection and design of columns for liquid chromatography including liquid chromatography devices and systems and corresponding methods of operation, particularly in the field of high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC).

Abstract: A method and system of screening or selecting a mobile phase eluent for a chromatography column is provided. A sample for chromatographic analysis or purification is combined with a solvent and passed through a membrane. A pressure measurement is taken of the sample/solvent combination in the system prior to the membrane. The pressure measurement may be compared to a second pressure and an appropriate solvent may be selected based on the relationship between the first measured pressure and the second pressure.

Abstract: A method and system of screening or selecting a mobile phase eluent for a chromatography column is provided. A sample for chromatographic analysis or purification is combined with a solvent and passed through a membrane. A pressure measurement is taken of the sample/solvent combination in the system prior to the membrane. The pressure measurement may be compared to a second pressure and an appropriate solvent may be selected based on the relationship between the first measured pressure and the second pressure.

Abstract: A system for separating compounds of relatively low molecular weight substantially not greater than about one kilodalton from compounds having relatively high molecular weights substantially an order of magnitude greater or more than the low molecular weight compounds in a liquid mixture. The system includes a chromatographic column packed with uniformly distributed rigid, solid, porous particles having chromatographically active, hydrophobic surfaces, average diameters of not less than about 30 .mu.m, and average pore diameters sufficiently small to substantially exclude introduction of the compounds of relatively high molecular weight into the pores. The mixture is pumped through the interstitial volume between the particles at a reduced velocity greater than about 5,000, until a band of the high molecular weight compounds exits the column. The low molecular weight compounds are then eluted and are recovered separately from the relatively high molecular weight compounds.

Abstract: A system for separating compounds of relatively low molecular weight substantially not greater than about one kilodalton from compounds having relatively high molecular weights substantially an order of magnitude greater or more than the low molecular weight compounds in a liquid mixture. The system includes a chromatographic column packed with uniformly distributed rigid, solid, porous particles having chromatographically active, hydrophobic surfaces, average diameters of not less than about 30 .mu.m, and average pore diameters sufficiently small to substantially exclude introduction of the compounds of relatively high molecular weight into the pores. The mixture is pumped through the interstitial volume between the particles at a reduced velocity greater than about 5,000, until a band of the high molecular weight compounds exits the column. The low molecular weight compounds are then eluted and are recovered separately from the relatively high molecular weight compounds.

Abstract: High pressure liquid chromatographic apparatus in which a fluid mixture containing at least one solute that is reactive with chromatographically reactive surfaces in the column is loaded into the column, and a number of plugs of different eluant fluids are injected into that column. The injections are made in a manner that minimizes the amount of eluant required. In one embodiment, the injections are made to insure that flow of at least the eluant fluids through the column will occur, preferably with a substantially flat wave front, at speeds corresponding to reduced velocities greater than about 5,000, i.e. at flow rates sufficient to induce turbulent flow in those fluids, thereby minimizing the time required for the entire succession of mixture and eluant fluids to traverse the column.

Abstract: A method of and apparatus for liquid chromatography at improved analytical and preparative speeds and quantities involves flow of fluids through the column at flow rates sufficient to induce turbulent flow in those fluids. In one embodiment, the apparatus and method includes a substantially uniform chromatography column created by packing together a multiplicity of rigid, solid, porous particles having diameters of not less than about 30 .mu.m, surfaces of the particles being chromatographically active. A fluid mixture containing at least one solute that is reactive with the particle surfaces is injected into the column and subsequently eluted therefrom by a eluant fluid flow, both the injection and elution being effected at a velocity sufficient to induce flow within at least a substantial portion of the interstitial volume between the particles at a reduced velocity greater than about 5,000.

Abstract: High pressure liquid chromatographic apparatus in which a fluid mixture containing at least one solute that is reactive with chromatographically reactive surfaces in the column is loaded into the column, and a number of plugs of different eluant fluids are injected into that column. The injections are made in a manner that minimizes the amount of eluant required. In one embodiment, the injections are made to insure that flow of at least the eluant fluids through the column will occur, preferably with a substantially flat wave front, at speeds corresponding to reduced velocities greater than about 5,000, i.e. at flow rates sufficient to induce turbulent flow in those fluids, thereby minimizing the time required for the entire succession of mixture and eluant fluids to traverse the column.

Abstract: A method of and apparatus for liquid chromatography at improved analytical and preparative speeds and quantities involves flow of fluids through the column at flow rates sufficient to induce turbulent flow in those fluids. In one embodiment, the apparatus and method includes a substantially uniform chromatography column created by packing together a multiplicity of rigid, solid, porous particles having diameters of not less than about 30 .mu.m, surfaces of the particles being chromatographically active. A fluid mixture containing at least one solute that is reactive with the particle surfaces is injected into the column and subsequently eluted therefrom by a eluant fluid flow, both the injection and elution being effected at a velocity sufficient to induce flow within at least a substantial portion of the interstitial volume between the particles at a reduced velocity greater than about 5,000.