Abstract: Microspheres are described which have a shell of thermally expandable polymer and a hollow interior that contains a fluorinated hydrocarbon that boils at a temperature below the melting point of the polymer, and contains an organic ester or ether or ketone. The ester or ether or ketone improves the quality of microsphere product. The expandable particles are useful in insulation, packaging, for expanding other polymer such as polytetrafluoroethylene, and the like.

Abstract: Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) structures are described which are prepared by polymerizing liquid tetrafluoroethylene in an aqueous microemulsion region to obtain small particles of PTFE.

Abstract: Aqueous microemulsions are described which are polymerized to produce a latex containing particles of organic polymer having recurring pendant perfluorinated organic side chains which have an average particle size of between 0.01 and 0.5 micrometers. The latex can be used to coat the surface of substrate structures, or to coat the pore walls of porous substrate structures.

Abstract: Laminates of fabric and microporous polymeric substrates are taught which have enhanced oleophobic and hydrophobic properties. The enhanced properties are obtained by contacting the laminate or any of its components with an aqueous dispersion of polymer particles of an organic polymer having pendent fluorinated alkyl groups and in which the particles are very small, being on the order of 0.01-0.1 micrometer. The small size promotes uniformity of coating when the laminate or components are coated with the dispersion and then heated to flow the particles together.

Abstract: In this invention an aqueous seeded microemulsion polymerization procedure is provided in which colloidal polymer particles are produced from tetrafluoroethylene or tetrafluoroethylene/comonomer or other polymerizable monomers. The particles have an average diameter between 1 to 100 nanometer (0.001-0.1 micrometer) preferably 1 to 80 (0.001-0.08 micrometer), more preferably 5 to 100 nanometer (0.005-0.1 micrometer). A microemulsion is formed of a liquid monomer in water and a gaseous monomer is added either before or after polymerization is initiated.

Abstract: Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) structures are described which are prepared by polymerizing liquid tetrafluoroethylene in an aqueous microemulsion region to obtain small particles of PTFE.

Abstract: In this invention an aqueous colloidal dispersion of submicron size polymer particles is used to coat the internal structure that defines the pores of microporous substrates.

Abstract: Novel polytetrafluoroethylene structures are described, which were prepared by polymerizing liquid tetrafluoroethylene in aqueous dispersion. The novel structures include continuous three-dimensional networks of fibrils and bundles of fibrils.

Abstract: A material for absorbing noxious gases while having a good water vapor transmission rate is provided which comprises a suitable flexible substrate of a textile material or a porous organic polymeric membrane having a coating or film on it made of an organic polymer having active hydrogens which presumably react with reaction sites on the noxious gas compound.

Abstract: Aqueous microemulsions are described which are polymerized to produce a latex containing particles of organic polymer having recurring pendant perfluorinated organic side chains which have an average particle size of between 0.01 and 0.5 micrometers. The latex can be used to coat the surface of substrate structures, or to coat the pore walls of porous substrate structures.

Abstract: A gas permeable material having continuous pores through it, in which the pore interiors are coated with a coating composition of the formula: ##STR1## wherein B is selected from the class consisting of ##STR2## and R is (--CH.sub.2 --).sub.x wherein x is a cardinal number of 1-4;Y i s C.sub.n F.sub.2n+1 or ##STR3## where n is a cardinal number of 3-20 and R.sup.1 is H or alkyl of 1-4 carbon.

Abstract: A gas permeable material having continuous pores through it, in which the pore interiors are coated with a coating composition of the formula: ##STR1## wherein B is selected from the class consisting of ##STR2## R is (--CH.sub.2 --).sub.x wherein x is a cardinal number of 1-4; Y is C.sub.n F.sub.2n+1 or ##STR3## where n is a cardinal number of 3-20 and R.sup.1 is H or alkyl of 1-4 carbon.

Abstract: A gas permeable material having continuous pores through it, in which the pore interiors are coated with the reaction product of a) an ester of a perfluoroalkyl alcohol and a poly-basic hydroxyl-containing carboxylic acid, and b) a melamine formaldehyde, urea-formaldehyde, or glycol modified formaldehyde. The material is oleophobic and is useful in filtration applications and in garments.