Abstract: The present invention relates to universal ion-selective electrode optimized for determinations of organic molecules. As opposed to the state of the art only one electrode composition is applicable to a variety of organic ions and ionizable molecules. It is accordingly an object of the present invention to provide an ISE composition that is optimized for the universal detection and determination of a very wide range of organic ions an ionizable organic molecules. As opposed to the state of the art this composition allows fast and sensitive detection of a very wide range of molecules independent of their chemical structure, class or number of charges. This optimized sensor can be used in different methodologies, e.g.: direct potentiometrie, standard addition, inline measurements and titration.

Abstract: Ion-selective electrodes (ISE's) optimized for analyte determinations and provides methods and apparatus for conditioning ion selective electrodes. The conditioning methods and apparatus are particularly useful for ISE's selective for, difficult to condition, less stable and temperature sensitive products, an are based on a concentration gradient and/or a short exposure to an increased temperature.

Abstract: The present invention relates to universal ion-selective electrode optimised for determinations of organic molecules. As opposed to the state of the art only one electrode composition is applicable to a variety of organic ions and ionisable molecules. It is accordingly an object of the present invention to provide an ISE composition that is optimized for the universal detection and determination of a very wide range of organic ions an ionisable organic molecules. As opposed to the state of the art this composition allows fast and sensitive detection of a very wide range of molecules independent of their chemical structure, class or number of charges. This optimized sensor can be used in different methodologies, e.g.: direct potentiometrie, standard addition, inline measurements and titration.

Abstract: Ion-selective electrodes (ISE's) optimised for analyte determinations and provides methods and apparatus for conditioning ion selective electrodes. The conditioning methods and apparatus are particularly useful for ISE's selective for, difficult to condition, less stable and temperature sensitive products, an are based on a concentration gradient and/or a short exposure to an increased temperature.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a potentiometric electrode and gradient polymer, both comprising electrically conducting particles, which increase in concentration away from one surface, ionophore molecules, which increase in concentration towards the same surface surface, and an electrical connection which passes proximal to said electrically conducting particles. The invention further relates to devices incorporating said electrode or gradient polymer, and to a method for their preparation. The new materials are highly robust and reliable.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a potentiometric electrode and gradient polymer, both comprising electrically conducting particles, which increase in concentration away from one surface, ionophore molecules, which increase in concentration towards the same surface surface, and an electrical connection which passes proximal to said electrically conducting particles. The invention further relates to devices incorporating said electrode or gradient polymer, and to a method for their preparation. The new materials are highly robust and reliable.