Abstract: A metrology tool for determining a parameter of interest of a structure fabricated on a substrate, the metrology tool comprising: an illumination optical system for illuminating the structure with illumination radiation under a non-zero angle of incidence; a detection optical system comprising a detection optical sensor and at least one lens for capturing a portion of illumination radiation scattered by the structure and transmitting the captured radiation towards the detection optical sensor, wherein the illumination optical system and the detection optical system do not share an optical element.

Abstract: The invention relates to the combined use and to a combination of either a microtubule targeting agent or a Src kinase inhibitor, a Raf-MEK-ERK pathway inhibitor and an EGFR and/or ERBB2 inhibitor for use in the treatment of RAS-mutant cancer. The invention further relates to a method of treating RAS-mutant cancers and to a method of testing a combination comprising of a either microtubule targeting agent or a Src inhibitor, a Raf-MEK-ERK pathway inhibitor and an EGFR and/or ERBB2 inhibitor on a tumor organoid. In particular, the invention relates to the combined use of either a microtubule targeting agent or a Src kinase inhibitor with: an inhibitor of the Raf-MEK-ERK pathway and at least one of an inhibitor of both EGFR and ERBB2 and a combination of an EGFR inhibitor and an ERBB2 inhibitor in the treatment of RAS mutant cancer.

Abstract: The invention relates to the combined use and to a combination of either a microtubule targeting agent or a Src kinase inhibitor, a Raf-MEK-ERK pathway inhibitor and an EGFR and/or ERBB2 inhibitor for use in the treatment of RAS-mutant cancer. The invention further relates to a method of treating RAS-mutant cancers and to a method of testing a combination comprising of a either microtubule targeting agent or a Src inhibitor, a Raf-MEK-ERK pathway inhibitor and an EGFR and/or ERBB2 inhibitor on a tumor organoid. In particular, the invention relates to the combined use of either a microtubule targeting agent or a Src kinase inhibitor with: an inhibitor of the Raf-MEK-ERK pathway and at least one of an inhibitor of both EGFR and ERBB2 and a combination of an EGFR inhibitor and an ERBB2 inhibitor in the treatment of RAS mutant cancer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a decision support system and an image analysis method for providing information for enabling determination of a phenotype of a neoplasm in a human or animal body for enabling prognostication, comprising the steps of: receiving, by a processing unit, image data of the neoplasm; and deriving, by the processing unit, a plurality of image feature parameter values from the image data, said image parameter values relating to image features associated with the neoplasm; and deriving, by said processing unit using a signature model, one or more neoplasm signature model values associated with the neoplasm from said image feature parameter values, wherein said signature model includes a functional relation between or characteristic values of said image feature parameter values for deriving said neoplasm signature model values.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a decision support system and an image analysis method for providing information for enabling determination of a phenotype of a neoplasm in a human or animal body for enabling prognostication, comprising the steps of: receiving, by a processing unit, image data of the neoplasm; and deriving, by the processing unit, a plurality of image feature parameter values from the image data, said image parameter values relating to image features associated with the neoplasm; and deriving, by said processing unit using a signature model, one or more neoplasm signature model values associated with the neoplasm from said image feature parameter values, wherein said signature model includes a functional relation between or characteristic values of said image feature parameter values for deriving said neoplasm signature model values

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing powdery, vitreous carbon, and a paste made therefrom for producing resistive films having predetermined electrical conductivity. In production methods known in the art, pyrolysis of acrylamides is performed in mixture with water-soluble salts and, following pyrolysis, the powdered portion of the vitreous carbon is recovered by dissolving the salt component in water. The vitreous carbon is then dried, and the powder obtained in this manner is pulverized once again, as needed. A disadvantage of this method is that it is very time-consuming. In the solution now recommended, a preferably aromatic polymer is cured into a resin that is cross-linked in three dimensions, and in this state is ground to a powder prior to pyrolysis. Pyrolysis of the resulting powder is performed in a nitrogen atmosphere, so that powdered, vitreous carbons having different resistivities are obtained by using different final pyrolysis temperatures in each pyrolysis process.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing powdery, vitreous carbon, and a paste made therefrom for producing resistive films having predetermined electrical conductivity. In production methods known in the art, pyrolysis of acrylamides is performed in mixture with water-soluble salts and, following pyrolysis, the powdered portion of the vitreous carbon is recovered by dissolving the salt component in water. The vitreous carbon is then dried, and the powder obtained in this manner is pulverized once again, as needed. A disadvantage of this method is that it is very time-consuming. In the solution now recommended, a preferably aromatic polymer is cured into a resin that is cross-linked in three dimensions, and in this state is ground to a powder prior to pyrolysis. Pyrolysis of the resulting powder is performed in a nitrogen atmosphere, so that powdered, vitreous carbons having different resistivities are obtained by using different final pyrolysis temperatures in each pyrolysis process.

Abstract: A process for preparing spheroidal silica-alumina particles containing alumina in an amount at least equal to that of silica, comprising dispersing as droplets into a hot and practically water-immiscible fluid, an aqueous mixture comprising an alkali silicate, alumina hydrogel, perchloric acid and a water-soluble monomer whose uncross-linked polymer is water-soluble or forms a gel, alkali silicate and alumina hydrogel being used in proportions corresponding to 0.5 to 50% by weight of SiO.sub.2 and 99.5 to 50% by weight of Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, and maintaining the droplets of the mixture in the fluid until a substantial polymerization of the monomer occurs.

Abstract: A process for preparing silico-alumina beads containing silica and at least an equal amount of alumina comprising dispersing as droplets into a hot and practically water-immiscible fluid, an aqueous mixture which comprises alumina hydrogel, alumina hydrosol as alumina precursors, an alkali silicate and silica gel as silica precursors, the amount of alkali silicate, based on SiO.sub.2, not exceeding 20% of the total weight of SiO.sub.2 and Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, and the total amount of alkali silica and silica gel, based on SiO.sub.2, not exceeding 50% of the total weight of SiO.sub.2 and Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, and at least a water-soluble monomer whose uncross-linked polymer is water-soluble or forms a gel, and maintaining the droplets of the aqueous mixture in the hot fluid until substantial polymerization of said monomer occurs.

Abstract: A process for producing catalysts for hydrotreating petroleum fractions, said catalysts containing, after thermal treatment, at least an oxide or a sulphide of a Group VIII metal and at least an oxide or a sulphide of a Group VI B metal and an alumina support, said process comprising preparing said catalyst in the form of beads by agglomeration of alumina by polymerizing, in a hot substantially water-immiscible fluid medium, an aqueous mixture consisting essentially of alumina hydrogel and a water-soluble monomer whose uncrossed-linked polymer is water-soluble or forms a gel, and thereafter dispersing said aqueous mixture in the form of droplets, into said fluid medium in which substantial polymerization of the monomer is carried out.

Abstract: A process for preparing catalysts in the form of beads comprising at least a catalytic agent and an alumina carrier, said process comprising polymerizing in a hot and substantially water-immiscible fluid, an aqueous mixture which comprises alumina hydrogel, alumina hydrosol and a compound capable of generating a catalytic agent and a water soluble monomer whose uncross-linked polymer is water soluble or forms a gel, such aqueous mixture being dispersed as droplets into the hot fluid, recovering beads from said water-immiscible fluid and drying and calcining said beads.

Abstract: A process for producing catalysts to hydrotreat petroleum fractions containing, after thermal treatment, an oxide or a sulphide of a Group VIII metal and an oxide or a sulphide of a Group VI B metal and a support consisting essentially of alumina, said process comprising preparing said catalyst in the form of beads by agglomeration of alumina by polymerizing in a hot and substantially water-immiscible fluid, an aqueous mixture which consists essentially of alumina hydrogel, alumina hydrosol and a water-soluble monomer whose uncrossed-linked polymer is water-soluble or forms a gel and then by dispersing said mixture as droplets, in a polymerization zone.

Abstract: A process for preparing spheroidal catalyst particles having an alumina support, which comprises polymerizing, in a substantially water-immiscible, hot fluid medium, an aqueous mixture which comprises alumina hydrogel, a compound capable of generating an active catalytic agent and a water soluble monomer whose uncross-linked polymer is water soluble or forms a gel, said aqueous mixture being dispersed in the form of droplets into the hot fluid medium wherein substantial polymerization of said monomer is performed.

Abstract: A process for preparing aluminium oxide beads from alumina hydrogel, which comprises polymerizing, in a hot and substantially water-immiscible fluid, an aqueous mixture comprising alumina hydrogel and alumina hydrosol and a water-soluble monomer whose uncross-linked polymer is water-soluble or forms a gel, this mixture being dispersed as droplets into a hot fluid in which substantial polymerization of the monomer occurs.

Abstract: A process for preparing aluminum oxide beads from alumina hydrogel, comprising polymerizing in a hot and substantially water-immiscible fluid, an aqueous mixture which contains alumina hydrogel and a water soluble monomer whose uncross-linked polymer is water soluble or forms a gel, this mixture being dispersed as droplets into said fluid in which substantial polymerization of said monomer is performed.