Abstract: A 400 kA high energy efficiency reduction pot, comprising: anode carbon blocks, anode busbars, crust breaking and feeding device, anode lifting device, girders and pillars, pot hooding and exhausting system, cathode busbar arrangement structure, cathode carbon blocks, cathode lining structure and cathode pot shell, the pot is characterized in that: 1) superstructure and portal-type pillars are supported by pipe truss girders structure; 2) anode carbon block has eight steel stubs to be configured in a symmetrical mode; 3) the superstructure has 24 double-anode assemblies or 48 single-anode assemblies, six alumina feeding points, and two fluoride salt feeding points; 4) sub-section fume collecting and exhausting system is installed between a horizontal hood plate and a feeding hopper; 5) a device for sealing the anode rod by means a negative pressure suction is provided; 6) a new lining structure of holding heat on bottom, dispersing heat from side, and adding expansion layer at the cathode end have been design

Abstract: An LC voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) is provided. According to the LC voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO), the amplitude of an oscillation signal is improved by increasing the impedance value of an amplifier circuit seen from an output node in an LC voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO), and phase noise is also improved.

Abstract: Provided is a transformer-based oscillator which is suited to oscillate frequencies in multiple bands. An oscillator includes a transformer resonance unit and a plurality of complementary transistors. The transformer resonance unit includes a primary coil and a secondary coil corresponding to the primary coil. The plurality of complementary transistors have gates and drains between which both ends of the transformer resonance unit are respectively connected. Thus, the oscillator may operate in a differential mode or common mode according to the phase of the transformer resonance unit. Also, a complementary transistor constituting a multiband oscillation loop may be independently connected to both ends of the transformer resonance unit, and an oscillation loop of at least one band may be selected out of a multiband oscillation loop using a switch unit. Thus, the oscillator may be suited to oscillate resonance frequencies in multiple bands.

Abstract: Provided is a low voltage frequency synthesizer using a boosting method for a power supply voltage of a charge pump. The low voltage frequency synthesizer includes a phase/frequency detector (PFD) that receives and compares a reference frequency and a feedback frequency to output a comparison signal, a charge pump that receives the comparison signal to output a current corresponding to the comparison signal, a low-pass filter (LPF) that generates a voltage corresponding to the output current of the charge pump, a voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) that receives the voltage of the LPF, amplifies the voltage to generate a boosting voltage, and outputs a frequency corresponding to the received voltage, and a DC converter that receives the boosting voltage of the VCO, converts the boosting voltage into a DC voltage, and applies the DC voltage as a power supply voltage of the charge pump.

Abstract: Provided is a ring oscillator having an extended range of oscillation frequency by varactors coupled to delay cells even in a simple structure. The wide frequency range results from simply varying an oscillation frequency by control signals applied to the varactors. Since additional switches connected to the delay cells contribute to increase or decrease of the oscillation frequency range, the ring oscillator can conveniently be employed in various types of oscillation systems.

Abstract: A method of updating content applied on an E-book, which includes: an electronic paper display, a first power supply, a RTC, a second power supply, a power manager, and a central processor. The method includes: keep time; generating a control signal for turning on the first power supply when it is time to update; turning on the first power supply in response to the control signal; updating content displayed on the electronic paper display; and cutting off the first power supply after updating is completed.

Abstract: Provided are a lock detection circuit and a lock detecting method. The lock detection circuit includes two delay devices, four flip-flops and two logic gates, and can accurately detect a lock state of a phase locked loop (PLL) circuit. Therefore, the lock detection circuit can be implemented in a simple structure, and as a result, the lock detection circuit can be compact in size and can consume less electric power. Also, the lock detecting method enables lock detection process to be simpler, so that a lock state can be detected within a short time period.

Abstract: Provided is a voltage-controlled oscillator with a wide oscillation frequency range and linear characteristics, which can linearly change an oscillation frequency versus control voltage due to a variable capacitance range increased by several MOS transistors additionally connected to an LC resonant circuit, and can control the oscillation frequency range by adjusting numbers, widths, lengths and operation regions of the MOS transistors. Thus, the voltage-controlled oscillator with a wide oscillation frequency range and linear control voltage-oscillation frequency characteristics without using a switching device can be implemented.

Abstract: A fuel cell stack without a terminal plate for low temperature starting operation, comprising: a plurality of membrane electrodes, a plurality of bipolar plates, at least one pair of current collecting lead boards, at least one electrical insulating partition boards, and two fastening rings. One electrical insulating partition board and one pair of current collecting lead boards serve to form one set of current output mechanism. The plurality of membrane electrodes, the plurality of wedge-shaped bipolar plates, and the at least one set of current output mechanism form a cylindrical fuel cell stack tightened by the two tightening rings. The cell stack is suitable for cold starting and for operation at temperatures below 0° C.

Abstract: A plug and play system of fluid dispensing and auxiliary modules that use motors with integrated drivers, controllers and the capability of using an internal or external encoder where any one of several modules can be substituted into a base dispensing unit. In the case of positive displacement piston drives, a first motor can be used for the rotary valve operations and a second motor used to position the pump piston. The piston can be very accurately positioned by the second motor that can use an external linear coding system electrically coupled to the motor controller. The invention allows coordination between the two motors of a positive displacement piston system, as well as being able to work with several pump systems linked together in a liquid filling application or other application. The use of a motor system with a common user interface for different types of pump drives allows for “plug and play” capability for liquid filling and other applications.

Abstract: An organic extract of a Chinese herbal medicine Geum Japonicum thunb var. has been identified that displayed potent stimulatory effects on rapid agiogenesis (<24 h), myogenesis and blocking fibrosis in traumatized skeletal muscles. The extract has displayed potent dual effects on angiogenesis and myogenesis in damaged skeletal muscles leading to complete skeletal muscle healing in rabbit and rat animal models. The extract of the present invention can be developed into an effective therapeutic drug for the treatment of skeletal muscle trauma, soft tissue healing including burn, skin wound and operation cut, and bone fracture and defect healings.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for determining the first and second order polarization mode dispersion (PMD) vectors of an optical device, such as a single mode optical fiber, using only a single input polarization state. This is achieved by passing light beams having a fixed polarization state and frequencies that vary over a range through the optical device that is being tested. The output polarization states of the light beams that have passed through the optical device are measured, and used to form a curve in Stokes space on a Poincare sphere. The shape of this curve is used to approximate the first and second order (and possibly higher order) PMD vectors, using formulas based on differential geometry.

Abstract: This present invention relates to a method for extracting Epimedium herb to prepare flavones and polysaccharides combinations in which their ratios vary from 2:8 to 8:2 by weight and applying these extracted compositions in treatment of prostatic hyperplasia. Total flavones of the extracts are in the range of 20-90% and the molecular weights of extracted polysaccharides vary from 1,000 to 700,000 Daltons. This invention also includes a method for preparing compounded formulations which contain extracts of Radix Ginseng, pollens, Radix Astragali, Cortex Phellodendri, Epimedium flavones and polysaccharides and administering these compositions directed at treatment of prostatic hyperplasia and prostatitis. Clinical study has showed that these extracts and formulations are effective in treatment of prostate illness with no adverse reactions.

Abstract: This present invention relates to a method for extracting Epimedium herb to prepare flavones and polysaccharides combinations in which their ratios vary from 2:8 to 8:2 by weight and applying these extracted compositions in treatment of prostatic hyperplasia. Total flavones of the extracts are in the range of 20–90% and the molecular weights of extracted polysaccharides vary from 1,000 to 700,000 Daltons. This invention also includes a method for preparing compounded formulations which contain extracts of Radix Ginseng, pollens, Radix Astragali, Cortex Phellodendri, Epimedium flavones and polysaccharides and administering these compositions directed at treatment of prostatic hyperplasia and prostatitis. Clinical study has showed that these extracts and formulations are effective in treatment of prostate illness with no adverse reactions.

Abstract: This present invention relates to a method for extracting Epimedium herb to prepare flavones and polysaccharides combinations in which their ratios vary from 2:8 to 8:2 by weight and applying these extracted compositions in treatment of prostatic hyperplasia. Total flavones of the extracts are in the range of 20-90% and the molecular weights of extracted polysaccharides vary from 1,000 to 700,000 Daltons. This invention also includes a method for preparing compounded formulations which contain extracts of Radix Ginseng, pollens, Radix Astragali, Cortex Phellodendri, Epimedium flavones and polysaccharides and administering these compositions directed at treatment of prostatic hyperplasia and prostatitis. Clinical study has showed that these extracts and formulations are effective in treatment of prostate illness with no adverse reactions.

Abstract: An organic extract of a Chinese herbal medicine Geum Japonicum thunb var. has been identified that displayed potent stimulatory effects on rapid agiogenesis (<24 h), myogenesis and blocking fibrosis in traumatized skeletal muscles. The extract has displayed potent dual effects on angiogenesis and myogenesis in damaged skeletal muscles leading to complete skeletal muscle healing in rabbit and rat animal models. The extract of the present invention can be developed into an effective therapeutic drug for the treatment of skeletal muscle trauma, soft tissue healing including burn, skin wound and operation cut, and bone fracture and defect healings.

Abstract: This present invention relates to a method for extracting Epimedium herb to prepare flavones and polysaccharides combinations in which their ratios vary from 2:8 to 8:2 by weight and applying these extracted compositions in treatment of prostatic hyperplasia. Total flavones of the extracts are in the range of 20-90% and the molecular weights of extracted polysaccharides vary from 1,000 to 700,000 Daltons. This invention also includes a method for preparing compounded formulations which contain extracts of Radix Ginseng, pollens, Radix Astragali, Cortex Phellodendri, Epimedium flavones and polysaccharides and administering these compositions directed at treatment of prostatic hyperplasia and prostatitis. Clinical study has showed that these extracts and formulations are effective in treatment of prostate illness with no adverse reactions.

Abstract: The present invention provides plant extracts, isolated alkaloids, synthetic alkaloids and compositions having antitussive activity. In some preferred embodiments, the plant extracts and the isolated alkaloids are from a plant of a genus in the family Stemonaceae. In other preferred embodiments, the plant extracts and the isolated alkaloids are from a plant of the genus Stemona, Croomia, or Stichoneuron. In especially preferred embodiments, the plant extracts and the isolated alkaloids are from the plant Stemona tuberosa. The present invention further provides methods for isolating such plant extracts and alkaloids. In addition, the present invention provides methods for reducing or suppressing coughing by administering plant extracts, alkaloids and compositions having antitussive activity.

Abstract: The present invention provides plant extracts, isolated alkaloids, synthetic alkaloids and compositions having antitussive activity. In some preferred embodiments, the plant extracts and the isolated alkaloids are from a plant of a genus in the family Stemonaceae. In other preferred embodiments, the plant extracts and the isolated alkaloids are from a plant of the genus Stemona, Croomia, or Stichoneuron. In especially preferred embodiments, the plant extracts and the isolated alkaloids are from the plant Stemona tuberosa. The present invention further provides methods for isolating such plant extracts and alkaloids. In addition, the present invention provides methods for reducing or suppressing coughing by administering plant extracts, alkaloids and compositions having antitussive activity.