Abstract: The invention discloses an illumination controlling circuit coupled between a household electricity input and an illumination lamp. The illumination controlling circuit includes a dimmer module, a sampling-and-holding circuit, a differential circuit, an integrator circuit and a clamping circuit. The dimmer circuit is used for generating a dimming signal which includes a plurality of waveform pulses. The sampling-and-holding circuit samples from the dimming signal, so as to obtain an average waveform pulse. The differential circuit is used for extracting a voltage difference of the average waveform pulse. The integrator circuit performs integration on the average waveform pulse according to the voltage difference, so as to generate a direct current voltage signal. When a level of the direct current voltage signal exceeds a threshold voltage level of the clamping circuit, the direct current voltage signal is used for driving the illumination lamp.

Abstract: This invention is utilizing the principle of repulsion between oil and water, the differences of surface tension of oil and water, and the character of melting of gelatin materials in high temperature and solidification in cold temperature to produce a biodegradable seamless BB paintball for BB guns. It contains a colored edible oil solution and is safe when it hits the target to produce an obvious mark that is edible. The seamless paintballs so produced are consistent in size and weight. It reduces the possibility of jamming during shooting and loading of BB guns which are common complaints of the conventional BB paintballs. A specially designed double nozzled machine can produce oil-in-water perfectly round and seamless droplets. The oil solution contains the dyes and the water solution contains a specially formulated gelatin. The droplets are then solidified by a chilled cooling oil flow. The oil solution comprises of 1%–5% (W/W) edible dye in edible oil.