Abstract: A terminal is disclosed including a selection unit that selects first resource candidates for sidelink transmission based on monitoring in a sensing window, and specifies second resource candidates by excluding specific periodic resources that are reserved by another terminal from the first resource candidates; and a transmission unit that performs sidelink transmission using a resource selected from the second resource candidates. In another aspect, a transmission method executed by a terminal is also disclosed.

Abstract: A calibration concentration selection method includes steps of: using a gas sensor array to obtain a concentration variation sequence and a response variation sequence of the gas mixture; constructing and training an AE-BP model; constructing VAE and identically distributing the response variation sequence; inputting the identically distributed response variation sequence into the trained AE-BP model to output a predicted concentration variation sequence; and then normalizing the predicted concentration variation sequence to generate a target concentration variation sequence; sorting a target concentration variation sequence and calculating a response gradient sequence; processing the response gradient sequence for obtaining a corresponding smoothed gradient sequence; if the spike is greater than a preset hyperparameter, finding a large gradient concentration interval; and selecting concentration test points by random uniform sampling according to weights; and selecting concentration test points from all othe

Abstract: Provided are a non-aqueous electrolyte and a preparation method thereof, and a secondary battery and an electric apparatus containing the same. The non-aqueous electrolyte contains a non-aqueous solvent and lithium ions, first cations, and first anions dissolved therein, where the first cation is a metal cation Men+ other than the lithium ion, n representing a chemical valence of the metal cation; the first anion is a difluoroxalate borate anion DFOB?; mass concentration of the first cations in the non-aqueous electrolyte is D1 ppm, and mass concentration of the first anions in the non-aqueous electrolyte is D2 ppm, both based on total mass of the non-aqueous electrolyte; and the non-aqueous electrolyte satisfies that D1 is 0.5 to 870 and that D1/D2 is 0.02 to 2. The non-aqueous electrolyte in this application enables the secondary battery to have good cycling performance, safety performance, and kinetic performance.

Abstract: An embodiment of present disclosure provides a method of transmitting channel state information reference signals, and a base station. An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a method of transmitting channel state information reference signals (CSI-RSs), which is executed by a base station, and this method includes the steps of determining whether or not it is necessary to use aperiodic CSI-RSs in a communication system in which a base station to use periodic CSI-RSs is provided, generating an aperiodic CSI-RS trigger signal and communicating the aperiodic CSI-RS trigger signal to a mobile station when aperiodic CSI-RSs need to be used, and communicating aperiodic CSI-RSs to the mobile station in accordance with the aperiodic CSI-RS trigger signal.

Abstract: The present invention is designed to appropriately select PUCCH resources used to transmit HARQ-ACK. According to one aspect of the present invention, a user terminal has a control section that monitors candidate resources of one or more downlink (DL) control channels (DL) transmitted in multiple different time and/or frequency resources, and detects one or more downlink control information (DCI), and a transmission section that transmits delivery acknowledgment information in response to a downlink (DL) data channel by using an uplink (UL) control channel, and the control section selects resources for the UL control channel based on the DCI.

Abstract: A terminal is disclosed that includes a receiver that receives first downlink control information (DCI) for scheduling initial transmission and second DCI for scheduling retransmission and a processor that controls transmission of a first uplink (UL) shared channel that is scheduled by the first DCI and transmission of a second UL shared channel that is scheduled by the second DCI. The processor controls the transmission of the first UL shared channel and the transmission of the second UL shared channel based on a reference value that is configured for timing for transmitting a UL shared channel based on information provided through higher layer signaling. The processor also controls transmission of the second UL shared channel in response to information included in each of the first DCI and the second DCI that indicates whether the UL shared channel includes initially transmitted data.

Abstract: An apparatus is disclosed including a receiver that receives a downlink control information and a downlink shared channel that is scheduled by the downlink control information; a processor that determines an allocation of the downlink shared channel in a time domain based on a first timing indicated by a first time unit and a second timing indicated by a second time unit that are obtained from information notified by the downlink control information; and an output apparatus that outputs information based on the downlink shared channel, wherein the first timing is defined based on a numerology of the downlink shared channel. In other aspects, a system is also disclosed.

Abstract: A user equipment apparatus in a radio communication system in which uplink communication and downlink communication are dynamically changed includes a reception unit configured to receive, from a base station, control information indicating a resource for an uplink demodulation reference signal in a subframe used for transmitting uplink data; and a transmitting unit configured to transmit the uplink demodulation reference signal according to the control information; wherein the resource for the uplink demodulation reference signal is multiplexed into a part of resources corresponding to one or more symbols at a beginning of a data segment in the subframe used for transmitting the uplink data.

Abstract: An apparatus is disclosed that includes a receiver that receives downlink control information that is used for scheduling of a downlink shared channel, via a downlink control channel in a control resource set. The apparatus also includes a processor that determines a starting location in a time domain of the downlink shared channel based on the downlink control information. The apparatus further includes an output device that performs output based on downlink data signal in the downlink shared channel. When the downlink shared channel overlaps with the control resource set, a resource to which the downlink control information is mapped is not available for the downlink shared channel and wherein a field value in the downlink control information indicates an index for designating one of a plurality of starting locations that are provided in advance. In another aspect, a system is also disclosed.

Abstract: A terminal is disclosed that includes a receiver that receives a measurement configuration including an information on a number of reports. The terminal also includes a processor that, when reporting of a cell-level measurement result is triggered, controls reporting of a beam-level measurement result based on the information on the number of reports, where the measurement configuration includes a maximum number of beam-level measurement result reports. In other aspects, a radio communication method, a base station, and a system are also disclosed.

Abstract: A user terminal is disclosed, where a band to use is limited to a partial narrow band in a system band. The user terminal includes a transmitter that transmits and/or a receiver that receives a signal, and a controller that controls repetitious reception and/or repetitious transmission of a control channel in a random access procedure based on a coverage enhancement level for a random access channel. A radio base station that communicates with a user terminal is also disclosed, where a band to use is limited to a partial narrow band in a system band. The radio base station includes a transmitter that transmits and/or a receiver that receives a signal, and a controller that controls to transmit information to make the user terminal control repetitious reception and/or repetitious transmission of a control channel in a random access procedure based on a coverage enhancement level for a random access channel.

Abstract: A user terminal is disclosed that includes a receiver that performs sensing before signal transmission and a transmitter that transmits a Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH). In addition, the transmitter transmits predetermined information that relates to the transmission of the PUSCH. In other aspects a radio communication method for a user terminal is disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention is designed so that UL signals of a plurality of user terminals can be multiplexed and communicated in cells where listening is employed (for example, unlicensed bands). According to the present invention, a user terminal communicates with a radio base station in a cell where listening is executed before uplink (UL) signals are transmitted, and has a transmission section that transmits UL signals, and a control section that controls the transmission of UL signals based on the result of listening. The control section makes the listening period for executing listening and the transmission period for transmitting UL signals the same among a plurality of user terminals that are scheduled in the same subframe.

Abstract: To control UL transmission properly even when uplink data and demodulation reference signals are transmitted using short TTIs, a user terminal according to one aspect of the present invention has a transmission section that transmits a UL signal and a reference signal for use for demodulating the UL signal, and a control section that controls the allocation of the UL signal and the reference signal, and, when UL signals are allocated to a plurality of contiguous predetermined time intervals (sTTIs), respectively, the control section allocates the UL signal and the reference signal for use for demodulating the UL signal to the same sTTI, at least in an sTTI apart from the top sTTI.

Abstract: The present invention is designed so that transmission power is controlled adequately even when communication is performed using a plurality of transmission time intervals (TTIs) of varying lengths. According to one aspect of the present invention, a user terminal has a transmission section that transmits signals using a plurality of transmission time intervals (TTIs) of varying lengths, and a control section that controls the transmission power of a first signal that is transmitted in a first TTI, and the transmission power of a second signal that is transmitted in a second TTI having a shorter TTI duration than the first TTI, and, when the total transmission power of the first signal and the second signal that are transmitted in an overlapping manner exceeds the maximum transmission power, the control section exerts control so that transmission power is preferentially allocated to one of the first signal and the second signal.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for detecting radio link failure (RLF) and user equipment (UE). The UE is configured with multiples pairs of beams, each pair of beams comprising a transmitting beam used by a base station (BS) to transmit a signal and a corresponding receiving beam used by the UE to receive the signal. The method includes: in a lower layer, measuring the quality of a reference signal received through a receiving beam in each pair of beams and transmitted by a BS using a transmitting beam corresponding to the receiving beam, to serve as the channel quality for the multiple transmitting beams included in the multiple pairs of beams; determining whether the channel quality for the multiple transmitting beams meets a first condition; if so, transmitting to an upper layer an Out-Of-Sync (OOS) indication information, such that the upper layer determines if, according to the OOS indication information, RLF has occurred. As such, the present invention enables detection of RLF in a multi-beam scenario.

Abstract: A terminal is disclosed that includes a receiver that performs, using a first time interval or a second time interval, a receiving process for downlink control information indicating a transmission direction per given time interval and a processor that determines the transmission direction based on the downlink control information. In other aspects, a radio communication method is also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention provides a user terminal that reports channel state information to base station apparatus in order to reduce the overhead of signaling required in beam measurements and to lower the complexity of beam measurements and calculation, and, in this user terminal, a receiving section that receives basis beam reference signals, each included in one or a plurality of basis beams transmitted from the base station, a determining section that determines a leading beam and a secondary beam to combine with the leading beam, based on the basis beam reference signals received, and a transmission section that transmits combination information about combination of the leading beam and the secondary beam to the base station apparatus, are provided.

Abstract: A user equipment including: a selection unit that selects, based on a result of sensing performed in a first time window and on a transmission interval of a signal, one or more resource candidates in a second time window after the first time window; and a transmission unit that selects a resource for transmitting a signal from the selected one or more resource candidates, and transmits the signal.

Abstract: A user equipment in a mobile communication system including a base station and the user equipment, including: a mode determining unit that receives instruction information indicating a transmission mode of broadcast information from the base station and determines the transmission mode based on the instruction information; and a receiving unit that performs a reception operation of the broadcast information according to the transmission mode determined by the mode determining unit.