Abstract: A fail-safe air flap control apparatus for a vehicle includes a coolant temperature sensor, a control unit, an actuator, a movable unit, a flap unit, an elastic member and a solenoid unit. The coolant temperature sensor measures the temperature of a coolant. The control unit compares a value measured by the sensor to a reference value and generates a corresponding control signal. The actuator has a rotator which rotates in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction depending on the control signal. The movable unit linearly moves under rotational force of the rotator. The flap unit includes a flap housing having an air flow slot, a flap door mounted to the flap housing to openably close the air flow slot, and a connecting rod connected to the movable unit. The elastic member applies elastic force to the movable unit in a direction in which the flap door opens.

Abstract: An air-conditioner for a vehicle, may include a casing having an upper outlet and a lower outlet, with an air flow space defined in the casing and including an upper space and a lower space to guide air to the upper outlet and/or the lower outlet, an evaporator installed in the casing and selectively communicating with the upper outlet through the upper space, and a distributing partition wall to partition the lower space into a receiving space to receive a heating member therein and selectively communicate with the upper space and at least a partitioned space to communicate the heating member with the lower outlet, thus guiding the air to a side portion of the casing.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display includes a liquid crystal panel having a color filter including a red filter, a transparent filter, and a blue filter, and a backlight panel at a rear of the liquid crystal panel. The backlight panel includes electron emission regions and a phosphor layer that emits light when excited by electrons emitted from the electron emission regions. The phosphor layer includes a first phosphor layer having a red phosphor and a blue phosphor, and a second phosphor layer having a green phosphor. The backlight panel is configured to emit light from the first phosphor layer and the second phosphor layer sequentially.

Abstract: According to an embodiment, a light emission device and a display device having the light emission device as a light source are provided.

Abstract: A display device is provided. The display device includes a display panel comprising a display surface configured to display an image thereon, the display surface having an edge; a light source spaced apart from the display panel to form a space therebetween and configured to emit light to the display panel, wherein the display panel is configured to generate image on the display surface using the light from the light source; and a reflective surface arranged so as to reflect light emitted from the light source and to direct the reflected light to the edge.

Abstract: A light emission device for simplifying a structure of an electron emission unit and a manufacturing process thereof is provided. A display device using the light emission device as a light source is also provided. The light emission device includes a vacuum panel having a first substrate and a second substrate facing each other. A sealing member is between the first and second substrates. Recesss portions each have a depth into a side of the first substrate facing the second substrate. Cathode electrodes are in corresponding recesses. Electron emission regions are on corresponding cathode electrodes. A gate electrode is fixed at one side of the first substrate at a distance from the electron emission regions. A light emission unit is at one side of the second substrate. The gate electrode includes a mesh unit having openings for passing through an electron beam and a supporting member surrounding the mesh unit.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an image quality evaluating device for using a color appearance model to evaluate image quality of a color area, and a method thereof. The image quality evaluating device realizes a color space corresponding to a color area by using information on color appearance, calculating a volume of the color space, and calculating clearness of the color area, viewing angle characteristics, gray level characteristics, and color differences in the color space.

Abstract: A light emission device and display device utilizing the light emission device are provided. The light emission device includes first and second substrates facing each other. Cathode electrodes are arranged on an inner surface of the first substrate. Gate electrodes are arranged above and crossing the cathode electrodes. The gate electrodes have a plurality of openings at crossing regions of the gate electrodes and the cathode electrodes. Electron emission regions are formed on the cathode electrodes in the plurality of openings. A light emission unit is provided on an inner surface of the second substrate. At least one of the electron emission regions is located off of a center of a corresponding one of the plurality of openings.

Abstract: A light emission having: a first substrate; a second substrate opposite the first substrate; a sealing member between the first and second substrates and forming a vacuum envelope with the first and second substrates. The device also includes an electron emission unit on the first substrate, the electron emission unit having a plurality of pixel regions, each of the plurality of pixel regions having an independently controlled electron emission; a light emission unit on the second substrate, the light emission unit having a phosphor layer and an anode electrode on the phosphor layer; at least one anode button penetrating the second substrate at a region enclosed by the sealing member and spaced apart from the light emission unit; and a conductive layer on the second substrate and electrically coupling the anode button to the anode electrode.

Abstract: A display device is provided. The display device includes a display panel comprising a display surface configured to display an image thereon, the display surface having an edge; a light source spaced apart from the display panel to form a space therebetween and configured to emit light to the display panel, wherein the display panel is configured to generate image on the display surface using the light from the light source; and a reflective surface arranged so as to reflect light emitted from the light source and to direct the reflected light to the edge.

Abstract: A substrate for immobilizing a physiological material is provided. The substrate comprises a substrate material; a primer layer formed on the substrate material; and an immobilization layer formed on the primer layer. The primer layer is capable of enhancing the attachment between the substrate and the immobilization layer. The substrate for immobilizing a physiological material can provide the immobilization layer with a stable, uniform, and high density through a simple process.

Abstract: The present invention provides a silane oligomer for immobilizing a physiological material that is prepared by copolymerizing an aminosilane compound with a cyclic siloxane oligomeric compound. The present invention can preserve the immobilization layer by applying a silane oligomer. Further, the immobilization layer has a three-dimensional structure and thus has superior thermal stability and reagent resistance.

Abstract: Disclosed is a substrate construction for immobilizing a physiological material that has a substrate; an organic polymer linker material layer formed on the substrate; and a gold thin layer formed on the organic polymer linker material layer. The organic polymer linker material layer has a thickness ranging form 30 to 200 nm and shows peaks of 111 and 200 planes using X-ray diffractometry when the X-rays radiate at an incident angle of 1.5. The substrate is prepared through the processes of forming an organic polymer linker material layer by coating a coating composition including organic polymer linker material on a substrate; forming a seed colloid catalytic layer by coating a gold colloid dispersion on the organic polymer linker material layer; drying or heat-treating the substrate on which the seed colloid catalytic layer is formed; and obtaining a gold thin layer by coating a coating composition that includes a gold salt-containing aqueous solution and a reducing agent-containing solution.

Abstract: The present invention provides a silane oligomer for immobilizing a physiological material that is prepared by copolymerizing an aminosilane compound with an alkylsilane oligomeric compound. The present invention can preserve the immobilization layer by applying a silane oligomer. Further, the immobilization layer has a three-dimensional structure and thus has superior thermal stability and reagent resistance.

Abstract: A method for preparing a patterned substrate for immobilizing a physiological material is provided. The patterned substrate comprises a primer layer formed on a substrate for controlling surface tension of the upper layer of the immobilization layer, wherein the primer layer has reactive groups to bind an immobilization functional group and hydrophobic functional groups and thus is capable of providing a functional group pattern. The substrate for immobilizing a physiological material can provide the immobilization layer with a stable, uniform, and high-density functional group pattern through a simple process.

Abstract: A substrate for immobilizing a physiological material is provided. The substrate comprises a substrate material; a primer layer formed on the substrate material; and an immobilization layer formed on the primer layer. The primer layer is capable of enhancing the attachment between the substrate and the immobilization layer. The substrate for immobilizing a physiological material can provide the immobilization layer with a stable, uniform, and high density through a simple process.

Abstract: A display device including a main body case having an aperture in a front side, a cathode ray tube in the main body case, a far infrared radiating material on at least one side surface inside the main body case, and a modulator for modulating far infrared rays radiated from the far infrared radiating material and emitted through the aperture.

Abstract: A display system includes a cathode ray tube having a panel and a funnel which is coupled to the panel forming a seal and has an external graphite layer formed on the outer circumferential surface thereof; a case in which a space is formed to provide room for the cathode ray tube to be installed therein; and material for anion generation disposed at a predetermined position with respect to the cathode ray tube or the case. The anions generated from the material for anion generation is beneficial to a user of a display system. Also, a transferring portion is provided to control the transfer distance of anions to the user.

Abstract: A composition for a transparent conductive layer, a transparent conductive layer formed of the composition, and a method for forming the transparent conductive layer. The composition comprises a metal (M.sub.1) particle, a binding agent and a solvent, wherein the metal (M.sub.1) particle has an average particle diameter of 10.about.30 nm and is at least one selected from the group consisting of gold (Au), silver (Ag), platinum (Pt), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb), cobalt (Co), rhodium (Rh), ruthenium (Ru), palladium (Pd) and tin (Sn), and wherein the binding agent is at least one compound selected from the group consisting of polypyrrole, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinylalcohol and silicon alkoxide oligomer. Therefore, the transparent conductive layer which is excellent in conductivity and transmittance can be formed by a low-temperature sintering process.

Abstract: A process for manufacturing a color picture tube capable of minimizing the thermal deformation of the shadow mask is disclosed. A getter is filled with a Ba material, a high or low vaporizing material having a different vaporizing temperature compared with that of the Ba material, and the getter is installed within the color picture tube. The getter is heated by a microwave heating device, so that the Ba material is vaporized so that the vacuum level of the color picture tube is raised. The high or low vaporizing material is vaporized and coated onto an aluminum film of a panel or on the surface of the shadow mask. This vaporizing material layer coated on the aluminum film or on the surface of the shadow mask absorbs the heat generated by the shadow mask, so that the thermal expansion and the thermal deformation of the shadow mask is inhibited, thereby improving the colorimetric purity of the phosphor screen and extending the life expectancy of the color picture tube.