Abstract: Various embodiments of the present application are directed towards a control gate layout to improve an etch process window for word lines. In some embodiments, an integrated chip comprises a memory array, an erase gate, a word line, and a control gate. The memory array comprises a plurality of cells in a plurality of rows and a plurality of columns. The erase gate and the word line are elongated in parallel along a row of the memory array. The control gate is elongated along the row and is between and borders the erase gate and the word line. Further, the control gate has a pad region protruding towards the erase gate and the word line. Because the pad region protrudes towards the erase gate and the word line, a width of the pad region is spread between word-line and erase-gate sides of the control gate.

Abstract: Trenches in which to form a back side isolation structure for an array of CMOS image sensors are formed by a cyclic process that allows the trenches to be kept narrow. Each cycle of the process includes etching to add a depth segment to the trenches and coating the depth segment with an etch-resistant coating. The following etch step will break through the etch-resistant coating at the bottom of the trench but the etch-resistant coating will remain in the upper part of the trench to limit lateral etching and substrate damage. The resulting trenches have a series of vertically spaced nodes. The process may result in a 10% increase in photodiode area and a 30-40% increase in full well capacity.

Abstract: The present disclosure, in some embodiments, relates an integrated chip. The integrated chip includes a substrate. A through-substrate-via (TSV) extends through the substrate. A dielectric liner separates the TSV from the substrate. The dielectric liner is along one or more sidewalls of the substrate. The TSV includes a horizontally extending surface and a protrusion extending outward from the horizontally extending surface. The TSV has a maximum width along the horizontally extending surface.

Abstract: A load balancing method for searching a key of a search peer in a structured peer-to-peer network. The structured peer-to-peer network has indexes of a key shared sequentially among peers in different zones, each peer sharing the key having a same modulo identity and a counter value. The loading balancing method includes hashing a keyword to get the key, wherein the keyword is obtained from a query of the search peer, finding a target peer based on the key, obtaining the counter value from the target peer, wherein the counter value indicates number of zones that have shared the indexes of the same key, determining the shared peers in the zones according to the counter value and the modulo identity, sending a search message to the peers, and receiving answers from the shared peers. The action of finding the target peer is implemented using a lookup procedure.

Abstract: An approach is provided for reassigning and sharing loads to peers with a same identity, which is based on a threshold. The peers are configured to store indexes of a key and to share the same loading (i.e., indexes) of the key to the peers with same secondary identities in different zones. The secondary identity is derived and has a modulo relationship with a first identity of the peer. The threshold indicates maximum number of indexes stored in each peer. Therefore, the loading are distributed evenly to peers in different zones, which achieves load balance to a decentralized structured peer-to-peer network.

Abstract: An approach is provided for reassigning and sharing loads to peers with a same identity, which is based on a threshold. The peers are configured to store indexes of a key and to share the same loading (i.e., indexes) of the key to the peers with same secondary identities in different zones. The secondary identity is derived and has a modulo relationship with a first identity of the peer. The threshold indicates maximum number of indexes stored in each peer. Therefore, the loading are distributed evenly to peers in different zones, which achieves load balance to a decentralized structured peer-to-peer network.

Abstract: An approach is provided for reassigning and sharing loads to peers with a same identity, which is based on a threshold. The peers are configured to store indexes of a key and to share the same loading (i.e., indexes) of the key to the peers with same secondary identities in different zones. The secondary identity is derived and has a modulo relationship with a first identity of the peer. The threshold indicates maximum number of indexes stored in each peer. Therefore, the loading are distributed evenly to peers in different zones, which achieves load balance to a decentralized structured peer-to-peer network.

Abstract: An approach is provided for reassigning and sharing loads to peers with a same identity, which is based on a threshold. The peers are configured to store indexes of a key and to share the same loading (i.e., indexes) of the key to the peers with same secondary identities in different zones. The secondary identity is derived and has a modulo relationship with a first identity of the peer. The threshold indicates maximum number of indexes stored in each peer. Therefore, the loading are distributed evenly to peers in different zones, which achieves load balance to a decentralized structured peer-to-peer network.

Abstract: A method for audio/video synchronization and an apparatus thereof are provided. At least one dynamic synchronization checkpoint is disposed on the playback sample number axis of a video. Whether or not the audio and the video are synchronized is checked when the playback sample number of the video is set the dynamic synchronization checkpoint. The video is paused playing if the playback speed of the video is too fast, and those delayed playback sample number of the video having not been played are skipped if the playback speed of the video is too slow. Furthermore, the location of the dynamic synchronization checkpoint and the frequency of performing synchronization detection are adjusted according to the playback time jitter between the audio and the video.

Abstract: A method for audio/video synchronization and an apparatus thereof are provided. At least one dynamic synchronization checkpoint is disposed on the playback sample number axis of a video. Whether or not the audio and the video are synchronized is checked when the playback sample number of the video is set the dynamic synchronization checkpoint. The video is paused playing if the playback speed of the video is too fast, and those delayed playback sample number of the video having not been played are skipped if the playback speed of the video is too slow. Furthermore, the location of the dynamic synchronization checkpoint and the frequency of performing synchronization detection are adjusted according to the playback time jitter between the audio and the video.