Abstract: According to one embodiment, a method of forming an oxide film by using a deposition apparatus includes depositing an insulating film on a silicon substrate, and forming an SiO2 thin film between the silicon substrate and the insulating film by performing annealing using OH radicals on the insulating film by using the deposition apparatus.

Abstract: Disclosed is an avatar creation method including creating a base object of an avatar, creating at least one partial object; acquiring customizing information of a user, deforming the base object and the at least one partial object based on the customizing information; and creating a user avatar with a default facial expression by projecting the at least one partial object onto the surface of the base object.

Abstract: An apparatus for providing operation logic of a fuel cell system may include an activation part configured to perform activation on a fuel cell, and an operating performance part configured to perform constant current operation according to the performing of activation.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of fuel cell analysis. The method includes measuring at least a portion of an electrode of a fuel cell to determine a measured result. The method also includes analyzing a state of the fuel cell according to the measured result.

Abstract: A multilayer electronic component includes: a body including a dielectric layer and an internal electrode; and an external electrode disposed outside the body and connected to the internal electrode, in which the dielectric layer includes a plurality of dielectric crystal grains, and at least one of the plurality of dielectric crystal grains includes a core-shell structure including an inner core area and a shell area covering at least a portion of the core area, and 90% or more of the plurality of dielectric crystal grains satisfy an average size of 170.0 nm to 190.0 nm, and a maximum deviation of sizes of the dielectric crystal grains satisfies ±60.0 nm compared to an average size of the dielectric crystal grains.

Abstract: A multilayer electronic component includes: a body including a capacitance forming portion in which dielectric layers and internal electrodes are alternately disposed in a first direction, and cover portions disposed on an upper surface and a lower surface of the capacitance forming portion, respectively, in the first direction; and external electrodes disposed on the body, wherein the cover portion includes a plurality of dielectric grains and a plurality of pores, and Gn/Pn is more than 10 and less than 30, in which Gn is the number of dielectric grains included in the cover portion and Pn is the number of pores included in the cover portion.

Abstract: One aspect of the present disclosure is a pharmaceutical composition which includes (R)—N-[1-(3,5-difluoro-4-methansulfonylamino-phenyl)-ethyl]-3-(2-propyl-6-trifluoromethyl-pyridin-3-yl)-acrylamide as a first component and a cellulosic polymer as a second component, wherein the composition of one aspect of the present disclosure has a formulation characteristic in which crystal formation is delayed for a long time.

Abstract: A substrate processing method is provided. The substrate processing method comprises loading a substrate onto a substrate support inside a chamber, forming a plasma inside the chamber, providing a first DC pulse signal to an electromagnet that generates a magnetic field inside the chamber and processing the substrate with the plasma, wherein the first DC pulse signal is repeated at a first period including a first section and a second section subsequent to the first section, the first DC pulse signal has a first level during the first section, and the first DC pulse signal has a second level different from the first level during the second section.

Abstract: A seat for a vehicle, includes a second row center seat and a second row side seat provided on a partition wall positioned rearward of a driver seat, the second row center seat may move leftward or rightward, and an interval between the seats may be increased in a state in which the second row center seat is moved in a right direction away from the second row side seat, which makes it possible to maximally prevent body contact between a passenger in the second row center seat and a passenger in the second row side seat.

Abstract: Disclosed is a cushion tip-up type seat for a vehicle. The cushion tip-up type seat for a vehicle is configured to perform a tip-up function of a cushion part, and to move a seat leftward and rightward to adjust an interval between left and right seats, whereby left and right spacing between occupants seated in the seats is sufficiently secured and the convenience of the occupants is improved.

Abstract: A display device includes a display panel, a first circuit board, a control unit disposed on the first circuit board, a second circuit board, and a coupling film which electrically couples the control unit and the second circuit board to each other. The coupling film includes a first coupling part including a first region attached to the first circuit board, and a second region overlapping the display panel when viewed in a thickness direction of the display panel, a second coupling part including a third region attached to the second circuit board, and a fourth region overlapping the display panel when viewed in the thickness direction of the display panel, and a third coupling part coupled to each of the second region and the fourth region to electrically couple the first coupling part and the second coupling part to each other.

Abstract: Provided an electronic device including a main body and a kit connected to the main body, and the main body includes a battery, a first motor, an electric wire connected to the battery, and a first controller connected to the electric wire, the kit includes a second motor supplied with power through the electric wire, an inverter connected to the second motor, and a second controller connected to the electric wire and configured to control driving of the inverter, and the second controller is configured to transmit information to the first controller through switching frequency control of the inverter and control a switching frequency of the inverter so that a current associated with the second motor is greater than zero in a section in which transmission of the information is performed.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a vehicle rear seat including: a center seat; and side seats located on the left and right of the center seat, wherein, the center seat is capable of protruding by moving the center seat forward with respect to the side seats, and in the state in which the center seat protrudes forward, it is possible to increase an inter-passenger distance so that physical contact between the passenger of the center seat and the passenger of each of the side seats can be prevented as much as possible.

Abstract: According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a thin film forming apparatus includes a chamber, a plurality of gas inlets that are formed at an upper portion of the chamber and receive at least two reaction gas and precursors for radical reaction, and a radical unit configured to generate radicals by reacting the reaction gas provided through the gas inlet and deposit a thin film on a substrate by spraying the radicals and the precursors downward. The radical unit is configured with a plurality of plates, a precursor spray path is configured to be sprayed from the radical unit after the precursors are sprayed to a plurality of paths greater than precursor spray paths of the gas inlet in an uppermost plate among the plurality of plates, and a reaction gas spray path is configured not to overlap with the precursor spray path.

Abstract: A pixel device including a pixel, a planarization layer covering side surfaces and an upper surface of the pixel, and pixel device pads disposed on the planarization layer, in which the pixel includes a first light emitting stack, a second light emitting stack disposed under the first light emitting stack, a third light emitting stack disposed under the second light emitting stack, and pixel pads electrically connected to the first, second, and through third light emitting stacks, the pixel device pads are electrically connected to the pixel pads through the planarization layer, and at least a portion of each of the pixel device pads extends from an upper region of the pixel to an inner surface of the planarization layer formed between the planarization layer and the pixel.

Abstract: Benzyl derivative compounds having peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor ? (PPAR?) agonistic activity, kits and compositions containing such compounds, and methods of their use in enhancing PPAR? activity for treating diseases and/or conditions involving inflammation and/or angiogenesis, particularly ocular diseases and/or conditions such as but not limited to retinal inflammation, retinal neovascularization, retinal vascular leakage, retinopathy of prematurity, diabetic retinopathy, age-related macular degeneration, and diabetic macular edema.

Abstract: A light emitting device including a substrate having a protruding pattern on an upper surface thereof, a first sub-unit disposed on the substrate, a second sub-unit disposed between the substrate and the first sub-unit, a third sub-unit disposed between the substrate and the second sub-unit, a first insulation layer at least partially in contact with side surfaces of the first, second, and third sub-units, and a second insulation layer at least partially overlapping with the first insulation layer, in which at least one of the first insulation layer and the second insulation layer includes a distributed Bragg reflector.

Abstract: Benzyl derivative compounds having peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor ? (PPAR?) agonistic activity, compositions containing such compounds, and methods of their use in enhancing PPAR? activity for treating diseases and/or conditions involving inflammation and/or angiogenesis, particularly ocular diseases and/or conditions such as but not limited to retinal inflammation, retinal neovascularization, retinal vascular leakage, retinopathy of prematurity, diabetic retinopathy, age-related macular degeneration, and diabetic macular edema are disclosed.

Abstract: According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a thin film forming apparatus includes a chamber, a plurality of gas inlets that are formed at an upper portion of the chamber and receive at least two reaction gas and precursors for radical reaction, and a radical unit configured to generate radicals by reacting the reaction gas provided through the gas inlet and deposit a thin film on a substrate by spraying the radicals and the precursors downward. The radical unit is configured with a plurality of plates, a precursor spray path is configured to be sprayed from the radical unit after the precursors are sprayed to a plurality of paths greater than precursor spray paths of the gas inlet in an uppermost plate among the plurality of plates, and a reaction gas spray path is configured not to overlap with the precursor spray path.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for the expansion and culture of natural killer cells. By using a method for the expansion and culture of natural killer cells, according to the present invention, the proliferation of human-derived natural killer cells is remarkably enhanced such that natural killer cells to be used for cancer treatment can be efficiently obtained.